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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To determine whether or not the previously reported association between alcohol intake and high blood pressure is influenced by differential intake of calcium and potassium in drinkers compared with nondrinkers and to assess the magnitude of the independent contributions of alcohol, calcium, and potassium to blood pressure, these associations were evaluated in 7,011 men of Japanese descent. Categorical analyses and multiple linear regression techniques were used to test the hypotheses that alcohol, calcium, and potassium were independent predictors of blood pressure. Alcohol consumption above a threshold of approximately 20 ml/day was found to be positively, strongly, and independently correlated with systolic and diastolic pressures, and this effect was completely independent of the effects of calcium and potassium. Calcium and potassium intake were highly correlated (r = 0.59) and were inversely related to blood pressure, and their combined effect was greater than the effect of either alone. However, in the subgroup of moderate and heavier drinkers, only potassium was inversely related to blood pressure. This finding is compatible with previous reports of malabsorption and increased excretion of calcium at higher levels of alcohol intake, and it indicates that a small portion of the alcohol-induced blood pressure elevation may be mediated through calcium depletion. In the range of dietary intake in this cohort, the effect of alcohol on blood pressure was stronger than was either the separate or combined effects of calcium and potassium.
Circulation 1989 Sep
PMID:Dietary alcohol, calcium, and potassium. Independent and combined effects on blood pressure. 276 13

Pulmonary hydrogen gas (H2) concentrations were used to assess the malabsorption of dietary nutrients in preruminating calves inoculated with Cryptosporidium sp. Normal values were established in five control calves and seven calves (principals) were inoculated with 1.0 x 10(8) Cryptosporidium sp. oocysts. Hydrogen concentrations and wet fecal weights were measured at three stages: before Cryptosporidium sp. inoculation (stage 1), three days after the onset of diarrhea (stage 2), and after the resolution of diarrhea (stage 3). Mean end-breath and total-breath H2 concentrations in the principal calves were higher (P less than 0.025 and P less than 0.05) for stage 2, when compared to control values. Both end-breath and total-breath H2 concentrations were increased (P less than 0.001 and P less than 0.025, respectively) in the principal calves during stage 2 when compared to values obtained for stages 1 and 3. Concurrently, Cryptosporidium sp. infection was associated with increased (P = 0.06) fecal output during stage 2, only. The increased H2 concentrations and cumulative fecal output show that Cryptosporidium sp. caused malabsorption of fermentable nutrients.
Dig Dis Sci 1989 Sep
PMID:Pulmonary excretion of H2 in calves with Cryptosporidium-induced malabsorption. 276 7

Earlier studies have revealed hypomagnesemia with cyclosporine treatment in renal and bone marrow transplant recipients. The present study was designed to investigate the possible effect of cyclosporine on Mg metabolism in normal rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into the cyclosporine group, which was given 15 mg/kg/day cyclosporine by gastric gavage, and the control group, which received the vehicle alone. Food intake, body weight, serum concentration, urinary excretion, fecal excretion, and tissue content of Mg were determined weekly for 3 weeks. In addition, intestinal absorption of Mg was determined by using in vivo perfusion. Serum Mg concentration fell significantly after 1 week of cyclosporine treatment and remained low throughout the observation period. This was associated with reduced food intake and renal Mg conservation during the first week but normal food intake and severe renal Mg wasting thereafter. In vivo perfusion studies performed at 1 and 3 weeks showed no significant difference in intestinal absorption of Mg between the two groups, thereby excluding intestinal malabsorption as a possible culprit. Likewise, fecal Mg excretion showed no significant difference in the two groups. It was surprising that tissue Mg content (in muscle, liver, and kidney) was increased in the cyclosporine-treated group at 3 weeks. We conclude that cyclosporine administration in rats leads to a fall in serum Mg concentration primarily as a result of renal Mg wasting and possibly as a result of a shift of Mg to the tissue compartments with no discernible effect on gastrointestinal handling of Mg.
J Lab Clin Med 1989 Sep
PMID:Effects of cyclosporine on magnesium metabolism in rats. 267 Dec 13

Extensive brownish discoloration of the small bowel is rare and has been described mainly in association with malabsorption disorders. It is related to deficiency of the fat soluble vitamin E. Vitamin E is an antioxidant substance that prevents peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acids. Vitamin E deficiency may result in oxidized lipids, which when polymerized with polysaccharides form the brown, PAS-positive pigment termed ceroid or lipofuscin. The deposition of pigmented granules in the effected tissues accounts for the brownish discoloration. We present three patients ultimately found to have "brown bowel syndrome (BBS)," in which the symptoms, preoperative findings, and respective diagnoses were different. In all three patients, serum Vitamin E levels were found to be extremely low.
Am Surg 1989 Sep
PMID:Brown-bowel syndrome. 277 66

We have examined 11 patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) for evidence of subclinical vitamin B12 malabsorption. Three subjects (27%) had low levels of vitamin B12. Eight subjects (73%), including these 3 subjects plus 5 others with normal vitamin B12 levels, had abnormal Schilling test results. In addition, 15% of an unselected population of 121 patients with AIDS and 7% of 27 patients without AIDS who were seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) had low serum vitamin B12 levels. Stool cultures from the 8 subjects with abnormal Schilling test results revealed no pathogens. Intestinal involvement by Kaposi's sarcoma was found in only 1 patient. Biopsy specimens from 5 of 6 patients with vitamin B12 malabsorption, however, contained mononuclear cells harboring HIV-1, as indicated by in situ hybridization studies. Our observations suggest that vitamin B12 malabsorption is common in patients with AIDS and may be a very early manifestation of infection with HIV-1.
Arch Intern Med 1989 Sep
PMID:Vitamin B12 malabsorption in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. 277 81

The authors present the cases of 4 children who suffered from saccharose-isomaltose malabsorption. The clinical symptoms developed following artificial feeding. The diagnosis was made by the histological examination of small intestine samples and with the simultaneous measurement of disaccharide enzyme activity. The histological picture and activity of lactase enzyme were practically normal. The saccharose H2 breath test gave only in 1 case positive result. The treatment of the children required saccharose-free diet. The tolerance showed no improvement during the treatment.
Orv Hetil 1989 Sep 03
PMID:[Current diagnostic method for saccharose-isomaltose malabsorption]. 278 45

Volvulus of the midgut associated with intestinal malrotation classically presents in early life with complete, or intermittent, high intestinal obstruction. We describe the case of a boy presenting at 16 months of age with a history of malabsorption and failure to thrive. The importance of considering this rare diagnosis in such cases is discussed.
Clin Radiol 1989 Sep
PMID:Malrotation and midgut volvulus presenting as malabsorption. 279 72

We report on a 42 year old male patient having been ill with pseudo-pobstruction and gastroinstestinal atonid for 24 years. He was thought to suffer from Crohn's disease and was treated conservatively. Since the therapy proved to be insufficient, explorative laparatomie was performed and parts of the small and large intestine which were thought to be inflamed, were removed. The histologic examination revealed the deposition of a significant amount of lipofuscin in the muscularis propria. This so-called brown bowel syndrome is known to be responsible for the development of gastrointestinal atonia. It is generally believed that this syndrome is caused by a vitamin E deficiency which may occur due to malabsorption. The brown bowel syndrome is treated sympomatically, and until now only one case achieving a remission of the disease has been reported.
Leber Magen Darm 1989 Sep
PMID:["Brown bowel" syndrome--lipofuscinosis of the intestine as a cause of atonia]. 281 78

All colon biopsy specimens of 28 months collected in an institute of pathology, providing a region of 660,000 inhabitants were reviewed for thickening of the subepithelial layer above the normal range of 7 mu. 16 cases were found, eleven of them with mild, uncharacteristic symptoms, eight even without diarrhea. Of the five cases with collagen layers above 10 mu, three suffered from intestinal diseases (unspecific protocolitis, active ulcerative colitis and malabsorption after ileum resection); two showed chronic diarrhea as symptoms of collagenous colitis. We conclude, that a subepithelial collagen layer is without any significance. Above 10 mu, two forms can be postulated: a reactive one, following chronic intestinal diseases and the idiopathic collagenous colitis syndrome of unknown etiology and pathogenesis. The presence of 185 cases is assumed in Western Germany, five of them already published.
Med Klin (Munich) 1989 Sep 15
PMID:[Collagenous colitis. Studies on the differentiation and incidence of the syndrome]. 281 67

Internal pancreatic fistulas are a well-known complication of chronic pancreatitis and should be added to the classic complications of malabsorption, diabetes, pain and pseudocyst. The fact that it is an infrequent complication (Bradley compiled about 200 reported cases in 1982) motivated us to make this clinical report. The importance of total parenteral nutrition (NPT), which leads to cure in 50% of these patients, and the usefulness of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) are evaluated in the cases in which surgery is contemplated.
Rev Esp Enferm Apar Dig 1989 Sep
PMID:[Internal pancreatic fistula. Presentation of a new case]. 281 20


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