Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is complex illness with unknown aetiology. Recent research shows that patients with CFS have marked alterations in microbial flora, including lowered levels of bifidobacteria and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). Research also indicates that CFS patients are under increased oxidative stress, have a type 2 helper cell dominate cytokine profile, frequently report allergies, have altered essential fatty acid (EFA) status and may have malabsorption of certain micronutrients. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have the potential to influence the immune system in CFS patients by supporting T helper cell 1 driven cellular immunity and may decrease allergies. In addition LAB are strong antioxidants, may improve EFA status, can enhance absorption of micronutrients by protecting the intestinal epithelial barrier, and have been used to treat SIBO. It is our contention that LAB may have a therapeutic role in the treatment of CFS.
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PMID:Chronic fatigue syndrome: lactic acid bacteria may be of therapeutic value. 1269 26

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are considered weakly lipolytic compared with many other groups of bacteria (e.g., Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Achromobacter). The esterolytic and lipolytic systems of dairy LAB remain poorly characterized. Esterases from lactic acid bacteria, yeasts, and Pseudomonas organisms may be involved in the development of fruity flavors in foods, and pregastric lipase and esterases are essential for the development of typical flavor in Italian cheese. Microbial lipases and esterases may improve quality or accelerate the maturation of cheeses, cured bacon, and fermented sausages. Lipases are defined as glycerol ester hydrolases (EC 3.1.1.3) that hydrolyze tri-, di-, and monoglycerides present at an oil-water interface. Esterases (EC 3.1.1.6) hydrolyze esters in solution and may also hydrolyze tri- and especially di- and monoglycerides containing short-chain fatty acids. Some probiotic strains of LAB can hydrolyze the triglycerides, releasing most short and medium chain, and essential fatty acids, which are valuable to today's health-conscious consumer. Medium chain fatty acids (C6-C14), in particular, have become accepted treatment for patients with malabsorption symptoms, a variety of metabolic disorders, cholesterol problems, and infant malnutrition. These probiotic bacteria could alleviate lipase deficiency in the digestive tract during digestion (steatorrhea). In this chapter, we describe different methods routinely used in our laboratory to determine the esterolytic and lipolytic activity of LAB. These techniques include the use of alpha- and beta-naphthyl derivatives of fatty acids (chromogenic method), the p-nitrophenyl (pNP) derivative of fatty acids (chromogenic method), and triglycerides (agar-well assay technique and titrimetric test) as substrates.
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PMID:Determination of esterolytic and lipolytic activities of lactic acid bacteria. 1515 59

Cancer is a serious global public health problem. Cancer incidence and mortality have been steadily rising throughout the past century in most places of the world. There are several epidemiological evidences that support a protective role of probiotics against cancer. Lactic acid bacteria and their probioactive cellular substances exert many beneficial effects in the gastrointestinal tract, and also release various enzymes into the intestinal lumen and exert potential synergistic (LAB) effects on digestion and alleviate symptoms of intestinal malabsorption. Consumption of fermented dairy products with LAB may elicit anti-tumor effects. These effects are attributed to the inhibition of mutagenic activity, the decrease in several enzymes implicated in the generation of carcinogens, mutagens, or tumor-promoting agents, suppression of tumors, and epidemiology correlating dietary regimes and cancer. Specific cellular components in lactic acid bacteria seem to induce strong adjuvant effects including modulation of cell-mediated immune responses, activation of the reticulo-endothelial system, augmentation of cytokine pathways, and regulation of interleukins and tumor necrosis factors. Studies on the effect of probiotic consumption on cancer appear promising, since recent in vitro and in vivo studies have indicated that probiotic bacteria might reduce the risk, incidence and number of tumors of the colon, liver and bladder. The protective effect against cancer development may be ascribed to binding of mutagens by intestinal bacteria, may suppress the growth of bacteria that convert procarcinogens into carcinogens, thereby reducing the amount of carcinogens in the intestine, reduction of the enzymes beta-glucuronidase and beta-glucosidase and deconjugation of bile acids, or merely by enhancing the immune system of the host. There are isolated reports citing that administration of LAB results in increased activity of anti-oxidative enzymes or by modulating circulatory oxidative stress that protects cells against carcinogen-induced damage. These include glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase. However, there is no direct experimental evidence for cancer suppression in human subjects as a result of the consumption of probiotic cultures in fermented or unfermented dairy products, but there is a wealth of indirect evidence based largely on laboratory studies.
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PMID:Cancer-preventing attributes of probiotics: an update. 2018 14