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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This article represents an overview of recent research conducted on antibiotic-induced malabsorption in calves. The authors feel strongly that this work identifies a serious and ill-defined problem in the management of neonatal calves. Too often the solution utilized by veterinarian and stockmen for controlling neonatal diarrhea has been to administer oral antibiotics. In many cases, this has been done on the basis of antibiotic sensitivity testing, an approach that seems appropriate. Unfortunately, little consideration has been given to the relative sensitivity of the neonatal intestinal mucosa, with its very rapid turnover, to the potentially detrimental effects of oral antimicrobial therapy. The data that we have collected over the past 3 years conclusively demonstrate that high levels of four commonly used oral antibiotics, especially neomycin and chloramphenicol but also tetracycline and ampicillin, can cause a malabsorption diarrhea in normal calves. This action is not due to viral agents or overgrowth of resistant microbes but is the result of direct modification of the intestinal mucosa. Extrapolation of these data to different dose levels may not be accurate. Oral antibiotics may be of value in treating neonatal enteritis. Conversely, there can be too much of a good thing, and many cases of chronic diarrhea following use of oral antibiotics may be the result of an overenthusiastic and prolonged dosage regimen. Be cautious!
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PMID:Malabsorption due to selected oral antibiotics. 390 88

Antibiotic-responsive malabsorption is prevalent in the tropics, but has been seen only sporadically in countries with temperate climates. We describe a 19-year-old Israeli patient who has never left the country and was hospitalized with shigellosis and malabsorption of fat and D-xylose. A short course of ampicillin reversed the malabsorption. The syndrome of antibiotic-responsive malabsorption in countries with temperate climates may well be underdiagnosed and should be looked for more actively.
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PMID:Antibiotic-responsive malabsorption: a tropical sprue-like syndrome in countries with temperate climates. 726 95

A 78-year-old lady initially presented with painful hips, low back pain, lethargy and weight loss. She had a past history of osteomalacia. Investigations revealed evidence of malabsorption and jejunal biopsy revealed sub-total villous atrophy in keeping with coeliac disease. Peripheral blood film was within normal limits. She responded well clinically to a gluten-free diet and calcium and vitamin D supplementation. Four years after the initial diagnosis she presented acutely with vomiting, pleuritic chest pain, pyrexia and bronchospasm. Blood cultures confirmed the presence of Streptococcus pneumoniae and she was treated appropriately with ampicillin. Despite this she died shortly after admission. It is recognized that blood film examination alone cannot exclude hyposplenism complicating coeliac disease and it is presumed that this was the reason for the development of fatal pneumococcal septicaemia in this patient. Prophylactic vaccination may be appropriate in hyposplenism secondary to coeliac disease.
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PMID:Fatal pneumococcal septicaemia in a coeliac patient. 983 17