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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A non-invasive, interval sampling hydrogen (H2) breath-analysis test for carbohydrate malabsorption was used in a 3 year-old Guatemalan child with severe protein-energy malnutrition (kwashiorkor) and in this relatives: mother half-sister and step-father to examine genetic and nutritional factors in lactose intolerance in young children. Clinical lactose intolerance was present in the patient on admission, and lactose malabsorption, even of 0.88 g per kg of weight, persisted after complete nutritional recobly due to gastric retention of the substrate. Malabsorption of a physiological dose of lactose, 12.5 g, was detected in the mother and step-father while their daughter exhibited normal growth and development and normal lactose absorption at 8 months of age. The H2 breath test proved to be a sensitive, well-tolerated procedure for both adults and young children. Pitfalls, such as delayed gastric emptying, absence of normal bacterial flora, prior use of antibiotics, must be considered in interpreting H2 breath test results in children.
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PMID:Lactose intolerance in protein-energy malnutrition: a clinical case study and family study using a hydrogen (H2) breath-analysis test for carbohydrate malabsorption. 58 60

Three hundred twenty-three of 473 questionnaires sent to hospital dietitians in 50 states and Puerto Rico concerning diet therapy for adult lactose malabsorption were returned and analyzed. Only 42% of the responding dietitians stated that their hospital diet manuals contained a diet for adult lactose malabsorption, with less than 1% having a diet specific for patients with peptic ulcer disease and lactose malabsorption. Physicians in almost half of these hospitals rarely considered lactose malabsorption when prescribing a diet for patients with peptic ulcer disease or rarely modified diets for suspected lactose malabsorption. The responding dietitians supplied pertinent portions of their diet manuals in 99 instances, which was 72% of those having such diets. Many of the submitted diets were too rigid, frequently restricting foods that did not contain lactose. On the basis of the survey and a review of the literature, a more reasonable approach to the therapy of adult lactose malabsorption is suggested.
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PMID:Diet therapy in adult lactose malabsorption: present practices. 63 35

This paper focuses on recent advances by the Indonesian Pediatric Gastroenterology in the field of diarrheal diseases: 1) the 'ROSE' system as the principle of treatment of diarrhea. It has been proven to be effective in reducing mortality rate of acute gastroenteritis, particularly cholera. R stands for rehydration, preferably with Ringer's lactate solution. O for Oralyte or oral glucose electrolyte, S for simultaneous rehydration (intravenously and orally), and E for educating parents in oral rehydration. 2) MCT and low lactose-containing formula in low birthweight infants give good to excellent results in improving fat malabsorption, elimination of diarrhea, and increase of body weight. 3) the use of the pediatric Enterotest duodenal capsule to study the upper intestinal microflora. The capsule consists of a number 1 size gelatin capsule (20 mm x 6 mm) containing a silicone rubber bag with an attached fine yarn line 90 cm long. The free end of the line is taped to the cheek and the patient swallows the capsule. After a certain period of time, the line is pulled out and intestinal secretions are scraped from the line and immediately examined under the microscope. Enterotest is particularly useful where radiologic examination is not available. 4) this report is the 1st to document virus particles in fecal specimens from Indonesian children, and suggests that viruses may be important etiological agents in diarrheal diseases in Indonesia, where malnutrition and diarrhea are important health problems.
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PMID:Recent advances in the Indonesian paediatric gastroenterology. 65 63

In most developing countries like Indonesia, problems of malabsorption syndrome are commonly related with: 1) gastroenteritis; 2) protein calorie malnutrition (PCM); 3) low birthweight and post bowel surgery; and 4) infection or parasite of the small bowel in the malnourished child. Two factors which cause sugar intolerance in Indonesian children are the high incidence of gastroenteritis and PCM, and being unused to drink milk after weaning. The presence of overgrowth of bacteria in the malnourished child can cause sugar intolerance indirectly through gastroenteritis. The high incidence of PCM, LBW and gastroenteritis in Indonesian children also result in a high incidence of fat malabsorption. Management of malabsorption syndrome in diarrheal children with or without malnutrition include: 1) correction of fluid and electrolyte imbalance; 2) treatment of predisposing condition; and 3) temporary withdrawal of any lactose in the diet or giving lactose low formula, beside MCT (medium chain triglycerides) or UFA (unsaturated fatty acids). The 1st choice in treating fat malabsorption is the use of MCT in the milk formula; the 2nd choice is UFA.
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PMID:Problems and solution of malabsorption syndrome in Indonesia. 65 62

Expired hydrogen and blood glucose were measured during an oral lactose tolerance test in 163 children aged between 9 months and 14 years. Lactose malabsorption, defined as an abnormal increase in expired H2 during a lactose tolerance test, was found in 54 children. Of these, 30 were found to be lactose intolerant as the increased expired H2 was accompanied by clinical symptoms. The other 109 children, in whom there was no rise in expired H2, were assumed to have normal lactose absorption. In children with lactose intolerance the increase in expired H2 tended to occur earlier after lactose ingestion than in children with malabsorption. The mean value of the rise in blood glucose was 2.4 mmol/100 ml) in the lactose-tolerant children and 1.0 mmol/1 (18 mg/100 ml) in the lactose-intolerant ones. Although this difference is significant (p less than 0.001), the rise in blood glucose, in predicting the correct diagnosis, was wrong in 13% of cases in the lactose-tolerant group, and wrong in 37% in the lactose-intolerant group (95% confidence limits 9-19% and 22-53% respectively). It is concluded that a rise in blood glucose, whether or not of more that 1.2 mmol/1 (22mg/100 ml) is of little help in differentiating lactose tolerance from intolerance.
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PMID:Improved accuracy of lactose tolerance test in children, using expired H2 measurement. 74 97

The introduction of a simple method for analysis of 14CO2 in breath allowed a more widely application of breath-tests in the diagnosis of gastroenterological diseases. During a breath-test a 14C-labelled compound is administered orally and 14CO2 is subsequently measured in breath by discontinuous samplings of 14CO2 by virtue of a trapping solution (hyamine hydroxide). Most helpful tests in gastroenterology are the 14C-glycyl-cholate breath test for detecting increased deconjugation of bile acids due to small intestinal bacterial overgrowth or bile acid malabsorption in ileal resection or Crohn's disease of the ileum, the 14C-lactose breath test in lactase deficiency, whereas the 14C-tripalmitin test seems less helpful in the diagnosis of fat malabsorption. A 14C-aminopyrine breath test may turn out to be a simple and valuable liver function test. Oral loading tests with breath analysis of H2 have shown to be helpful in the diagnosis of carbohydrate malabsorption, determination of intestinal transit time and intestinal gas production. Due to technical reasons (gas-chromatographie analysis) H2-breath analysis is still limited to research centers. Despite low radiation doses after oral administration of 14C-labelled compounds oral loading tests with H2- or 13C-analysis might be preferable in the future.
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PMID:[Breath-analysis tests in gastroenetrological diagnosis]. 77 14

Breath H2 excretion was used to determine lactose malabsorption in 30 health females and 30 healthy males between the ages of 3 and 64 yr who were at least 7/8 Native American. The test meal consisted of 5 ml reconstituted nonfat dry milk (0.25 g lactose) per kg of body weight. On the basis of breath H2 tests in 15 control subjects with normal oral lactose tolerance tests, a response factor of 20 ppm was selected as the upper limit for lactose absorbers. Of the 60 subjects in the study group, 36 (60%) were classified as lactose malabsorbers since they had a response factor of 20 ppm or greater of breath H2. Only 3 of 20 children (15%) who were under the age of 12 yr were nondigesters of the small lactose dose used in this study. Approximately 82 percent (82.5%) of subjects who were 13 yr and older were lactose malabsorbers. Adolescence appears to be the period in which malabsorption of lactose becomes evident in Native North Americans.
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PMID:Effects of age on lactose malabsorption in Oklahoma Native Americans as determined by breath H2 analysis. 83 52

Examinations of faeces (pH, Clinitest and Clinistix) are liable to contribute to the diagnosis of lactose malabsorption. To confirm the diagnosis the test is to be repeated while Lactase 500 is added to the child's milk. The enzyme does not split the lactase into the two monosaccharides, thus eliminating the malabsorption. The new drug Lactase 500 was used as a diagnostic parameter and for the treatment of lactose malabsorption in 20 infants. The effect on both groups was confirmed as mentioned by foreign authors. In addition to a very simple diagnostic method, which can be performed in the practitioner's office, there are two methods of treating lactose malabsorption: 1. feeding milk free of lactose, 2. feeding milk with an addition of Lactase 500. As in an earlier publication we assumed that about 10 per cent of the population suffers from secondary malabsorption of lactose, it seems advisable to check with the help of the described to simple methods all children with chronic diarrhoea.
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PMID:[Diagnosis and therapy of lactose malabsorption]. 84 87

Because of the traditional "nonmilking" attitude in Vietnam, a high incidence of lactose malabsorption would be expected in Vietnamese. However, confirming data are not available, and for this reason 31 adult Vietnamese were studied by obtaining diet histories and performing oral lactose tolerance tests. Twenty-three had drunk from one glass of milk a month to three glasses a day as adutls in Vietnam, and eight had noted milk-related symptoms. Since arrival in the United States, 30 had drunk milk and six had experienced symptoms. All 31 adult Vietnamese tested had flat lactose tolerance tests, signifying lactose malabsorption, with 20 subjects having symptoms during or after the tests.
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PMID:Lactose malabsorption in adult Vietnamese. 85 Oct 72

Twenty-eight Sioux and 29 Saluteaux Indians from a southern and an isolated northern Manitoban community were screened for lactose malabsorption; 55 were also screened for sucrose tolerance. Sixty percent of the subjects were lactose malabsorbers; the incidence increased with age. Lactase deficiency appeared, on the average, between 8 and 15 years of age. About 45% of the subjects were lactose intolerant. Malabsorbers who did not regularly drink milk had the highest symptom scores. The northern subjects consumed significantly more lactose and sucrose than the southern subjects. Two Sioux children were sucrose malabsorbers. It was hypothesized that the significantly greater sucrose consumption by the Saulteaux subjects were responsible for their markedly higher blood glucose curve following the sucrose tolerance tests. Dietary sucrose increases jejunal sucrase activity and the intestinal transport of glucose and fructose. Three of eight children less than 4 years were lactose malabsorbers; hence, medical personnel treating noninjective diarrhea in Indian children should examine for lactase deficiency. It was recommended that vitamin D fortified milk supplements to Indian school children be continued and that the milk be treated so as to reduce abdominal symptoms in the intolerant individuals.
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PMID:Disaccharide consumption and malabsorption in Canadian Indians. 85 12


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