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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical significance of lactose malabsorption and the individual sensitivity to lactose were investigated in 20 patients with verified lactose malabsorption. Thirteen patients were relieved of all symptoms while seven improved only on a lactose-free dth lactose-free milk but following provocation with increasing amounts of lactose, the tendency to diarrhea and abdominal discomfort increased considerably. Three patients experienced discomfort after provocation with only 5 gl lactose. On provocation with increasing amounts of lactose the seven patients who had not recovered also developed increased abdominal discomfort but none of them developed increased tendency to diarrhea. It is concluded that, in addition to lactose malabsorption, these patients must suffer from ittitable colon with tendency to constipation.
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PMID:Individual sensitivity to lactose in lactose malabsorption. 32 Aug 65

A rare case of gastric polyposis caused by infiltration of Langerhans' cells is reported. A 53 year old Japanese woman complaining of vague abdominal discomfort, was found at endoscopy to have numerous polyps all over the gastric wall. An endoscopic biopsy specimen showed characteristic infiltration of Langerhans' cells in the lamina propria of the mucosa. Functional abnormalities such as impaired gastric acid secretion or malabsorption were not associated with this lesion and the patient was treated conservatively. During follow up over two years, she had a cutaneous eruption with infiltration of histiocytes and osteolytic lesions in the skull. However, no progressive changes occurred in the stomach. This probably benign self-limiting lesion of gastric histiocytosis X may be one of the manifestations of multifocal histiocytosis X, but its aetiology and appropriate treatment have not yet been determined.
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PMID:Gastric polyposis caused by multifocal histiocytosis X. 164 44

Seventy five cases (50 males, 25 females; mean age 20.2 +/- 5.8 years), whose stools were positive for cysts and/or trophozoites of Giardia lamblia, were studied for their clinical profile and therapeutic response to metronidazole and tinidazole. Maximum frequency of cases (41.2%) was noted upto 20 years of age, and it declined with advancing age. A majority of them (41.3%) presented with non-specific symptoms while 38.6% were asymptomatic parasite carriers. Features of malabsorption were observed in 12% of cases and 8% presented with acute illness, having explosive, watery, foul smelling diarrhoea along with crampy upper abdominal discomfort. Most of them (62.5%) had blood group A. Tinidazole (97.5%) was more efficacious (P less than 0.01) than metronidazole (54%) in a single dose of 50 mg/Kg, with good tolerance. Tinidazole can be recommended for the treatment of giardiasis in individual cases as well as in families and close communities.
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PMID:Clinical profile of giardiasis and comparison of its therapeutic response to metronidazole and tinidazole. 181 77

Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis is an uncommon condition in which submucosal or subserosal gas cysts are found in the wall of the small or large bowel. Many different causes of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis have been proposed, including mechanical and bacterial causes. Approximately 85% of cases are thought to be secondary to coexisting disorders of the gastrointestinal tract or the respiratory system. Since 1986 we have observed 4 cases of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis. A review of the literature is presented with emphasis on the etiology, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and therapy of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis. Symptoms of pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis include diarrhea, constipation, rectal bleeding, passage of mucus per rectum, vague abdominal discomfort, abdominal pain, urgency, malabsorption, weight loss, and excessive flatus. Depending on the location of the gas filled cysts the range of symptoms in each patient may vary enormously.
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PMID:Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis: case reports and review of the literature. 210 80

Jejunal diverticulosis, a marker of disordered small intestinal motility, presents varied clinical manifestations. It is important to consider this disorder in elderly patients with unexplained abdominal discomfort accompanied by signs of intermittent small bowel obstruction and malabsorption. Diagnosis can be made by a small bowel follow-through x-ray film obtained as part of the evaluation of diarrhea and obstructive symptoms. Medical therapy is helpful in controlling diarrhea and anemia, while surgical therapy can give excellent results in treating complications or refractory symptoms.
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PMID:Jejunal diverticulosis: medical and surgical management. 392 56

77 hospitalized patients with chronic unspecific abdominal complaints, in whom any other organic disease had been previously excluded, were investigated for lactose malabsorption; they were subdivided into two groups: 46 patients complaining primarily of colicky abdominal pain and/or intermittent diarrhoea (group 1) and 31 patients presenting with dyspepsia as the predominant symptom (group 2). To establish the exact prevalence of isolated lactase deficiency in the healthy adult population served by our hospital, 40 Italian adult healthy subjects were also studied. The prevalence of lactose malabsorption was significantly higher (p less than 0.005) in patients of the 1st group than in patients of the 2nd group, and in the healthy adult population seen at our hospital (74% vs 35.5% and 37.5%, respectively). Furthermore a high prevalence of lactose intolerance, determined by means of a three-week diet trial (lactose free-diet versus normal diet), was documented among lactose malabsorbers of the 1st group. We concluded therefore that lactose intolerance is a factor in some Italian adult patients who suffer from long-standing aspecific abdominal discomfort, and it should be always considered in these patients, especially when colicky abdominal pain and diarrhoea are present, before the diagnosis of irritable bowel syndrome is made.
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PMID:Lactose intolerance in adults with chronic unspecific abdominal complaints. 667 46

We sought to prospectively characterize and compare the symptoms of children > or = 5 years of age with recurrent abdominal pain to previously established criteria for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in adults. For all eligible subjects, a detailed questionnaire concerning characteristics of abdominal pain and defecatory pattern was completed at presentation. In addition, a battery of screening tests was performed and additional evaluation was done at the discretion of their physician. In all, 227 subjects fulfilled the entrance criteria, but 56 were subsequently excluded because of diagnoses of inflammatory bowel disease (nine cases), lactose malabsorption (46 cases), or celiac disease (one case). Of the remaining 171 patients, 117 had IBS symptoms. In the IBS subjects, lower abdominal discomfort (p < 0.001), cramping pain (p < 0.0009), and increased flatus (p < 0.0003) were more common, whereas dyspeptic symptoms such as epigastric discomfort (p < 0.003), pain radiating to the chest (p < 0.009), and regurgitation (p < 0.02) were more common in the non-IBS subjects. Our study not only confirms the clinical heterogeneity of children with recurrent abdominal pain but also concomitantly demonstrates that most children with this disorder have symptoms that fulfill the standardized criteria for IBS in adults. The identification of subgroups of children with recurrent abdominal pain can provide a framework for the diagnosis of functional bowel disease as well as establish the need for invasive and expensive tests.
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PMID:Characterization of symptoms in children with recurrent abdominal pain: resemblance to irritable bowel syndrome. 913 90

The gut is a long tube; food goes down it and across it. Its purpose is to process the food that is consumed in order to optimize absorption of nutrients. It works rather like the reverse of an assembly line in a manufacturing plant with different regions of the gastrointestinal tube specialized sequentially for storage, acid digestion, alkaline digestion, absorption, fermentation, and disposal of waste products. Like an assembly line, it will only work efficiently if the delivery of material to the next process in coordinated closely with the optimum rate of that process. In the gut, the delivery of material is achieved by the propulsive activity of the gastrointestinal smooth muscle, which is in turn programmed by the enteric nervous system and orchestrated by neurohumoral responses to the content of the digesta. It is a finely tuned system; any disturbance can impair absorption and give rise to abdominal discomfort. The stomach is a key organ in the "gastrointestinal dissembly line," It not only commences the digestive process under highly acidic conditions, it stores the masticated food as in a hopper, delivering the acidic digesta or chyme into the duodenum at a rate that is commensurate with the rate at which it can be digested and the products of digestion can be absorbed. The rate at which material enters the small intestine is crucial to achieving optimum nutrition; too fast, and it overwhelms the functional capacity of the small intestine, causing malabsorption and diarrhoea; too slow, and it inhibits the consumption of another meal. The gastrointestinal tract can normally process three medium-sized meals a day.
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PMID:Feedback regulation and sensation. 799 12

Gastrocolic fistula is a rare clinical disorder which in the past most often occurred after gastric surgery or carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract. However, during the last decade an increasing number of cases after benign gastric ulcers have been described. Most common symptoms have been weight loss, abdominal pain, diarrhea and copremesis. A 49-year-old cachectic patient presented with a 2-year history of abdominal discomfort and diarrhea. He reported a weight loss of 32 kg during this period and was finally unable to move because of exhaustion. Furthermore, he suffered of burning paresthesia of the legs and the abdomen. His medical history included a Billroth II operation because of recurrent ulcer disease in 1987. Barium enema revealed a gastrocolic fistula which caused small bowel bacterial overgrowth with villous atrophy and malabsorption and development of polyneuropathy. The fistula was surgically resected, and postoperatively, the patient improved and regained his weight. Gastrocolic fistula is a rare cause of diarrhea and should be considered in clinical practice. Barium enema is superior to endoscopy in detecting gastrocolic fistula.
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PMID:[Gastrocolic fistula - a rare cause of cachexia and polyneuropathy]. 1212 1

Celiac disease is not a negligible cause of malabsorption in the elderly. Diarrhea, loss of weight and abdominal discomfort are often absent so that celiac disease has indeed a subtle, paucisymptomatic, course in the elderly. More than 50% of the patients have extraintestinal symptoms; only 10-40% have typical complaints pointing to small-intestinal biopsy. Elimination of gluten from diet is the cornerstone of the therapy. A 73-year-old woman with hyporexia, loss of weight, depression, bowel abnormalities and progressive deterioration of her abilities in the instrumental activities of daily living was referred to our department. Antigliadin and antiendomysial antibodies were present. A subsequent small-intestinal biopsy of the second and third portion of duodenum showed subtotal villous atrophy, increase of intra-epithelial lymphocytes as well as hyperplastic glands (type III Marsh score). All these pathological findings were compatible with celiac disease diagnosis so that a gluten-free diet was then initiated.
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PMID:[Celiac disease in the elderly: a case report]. 1661 Feb 58


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