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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chronic nonspecific diarrhea is a frequent cause of prolonged diarrhea in childhood. Typical diagnostic features include onset by 30 months of age, normal growth and development, and diarrhea lasting longer than two weeks. It usually follows a gastroenteritis or an acute infection and has been associated with a low intake of dietary fat. Five patients experienced this condition following dietary manipulation to prevent the occurrence of atheromatous coronary artery disease. This indicates that diminished dietary fat not only can prolong postinfectious diarrhea but can also induce a state of chronic diarrhea without evidence of malabsorption.
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PMID:Chronic nonspecific diarrhea. A complication of dietary fat restriction. 43 73

The role of lactose malabsorption was studied prospectively in 80 schoolchildren with recurrent abdominal pain. Malabsorption was documented in 40 per cent (16 of 59 whites, 12 of 16 blacks and four of five Hispanic children) on the basis of elevated levels of hydrogen in their breath. Those with lactose malabsorption, however, were not clinically distinguishable on the basis of past milk ingestion (P greater than 0.05), weekly pain frequency (median, five vs. six times), presence of diarrhea (40 vs. 27 per cent) or symptom response to lactose load. In children with malabsorption who completed a six-week diet trial, 70 per cent reported increased frequency of pain (P less than 0.002) when placed on their usual lactose-containing diet. Lactose malabsorption has a substantial role in the symptoms of children with recurrent abdominal pain, and it should be considered before performing invasive procedures or assuming a psychogenic origin.
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PMID:Recurrent abdominal pain of childhood due to lactose intolerance. 44 86

Quantitative fat and trypsin analysis was done on the feces of dogs with chronic diarrhea. The results of clinical examination, quantitative fecal analysis, and other laboratory tests permitted assignment of the dogs into one of 4 groups: (1)pancreatic exocrine insufficiency,(2)small intestinal malabsorption,(3)colitis, and(4)other nonspecific or incompletely diagnosed diarrhea. The mean 24-hour fat output was significantly higher (p less than 0.01) in dogs with malabsorption or pancreatic insufficiency than in clinically normal dogs, dogs with colitis, or dogs with nonsteatorrheic diarrheas. The mean 24-hour trypsin output with pancreatic insufficiency was significantly (P less than 0.01) lower, and in dogs with malabsorption, significantly (P less than 0.05) higher than in clinically normal dogs. Normalization of the output data for body weight enhanced the value of fat and trypsin analyses in the differentiation of pancreatic insufficiency and intestinal malabsorption from other causes of chronic canine diarrhea.
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PMID:Determination of fecal fat and trypsin output in the evaluation of chronic canine diarrhea. 45 72

The case of a 21-yr-old man, who died in cachexia after 2 yr of intermittent abdominal pain, bouts of diarrhea, and anorexia, is reported. Laboratory tests performed shortly before death disclosed signs of malabsorption. Radiologic examination of the gastrointestinal tract showed a coarse mucosal relief in the upper jejunum and a tubular aspect in the rest of the small bowel. There was no dilatation of the loops. Autopsy revealed severe to complete atrophy with fibrosis of the outer muscle layer of the entire small bowel, extending from the pylorus to the ileocecal valve. The only other lesion discovered was a moderate portoportal fibrosis of the liver. The patient's brother had died a few months earlier after 2.5 yr of similar symptoms. An upper gastrointestinal series had shown dilatation of the stomach with fluid retention and a tubular aspect of the small bowel with generalized widening of the loops. No autopsy was performed. There was a high degree of consanguinity on the mother's side. Family history revealed no other evidence of possible genetic factors in the disease.
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PMID:A case of familial visceral myopathy with atrophy and fibrosis of the longitudinal muscle layer of the entire small bowel. 46 30

A study was conducted among 234 Bangladeshi children to determine LM (lactose malabsorption) and its relation with age, history of diarrhea, nutrition, and breastfeeding. LM was determined by using BHT (breath hydrogen test) which showed similar results to a modified lactose tolerance test conducted in hospitals. BHT results indicated that 80% of the children over 36 months had LM while all infants less than 6 months absorbed lactose completely. With recent incidences of diarrhea and acute malnutrition the rates of LM increased. In addition, children who were still breastfeeding had a lower rate of LM than weaned children perhaps since breastfed children suffer less from gastroenteritis and diarrhea or because some component of breast milk protects against LM. The United Nation's Protein Advisory Group encourages milk consumption but other reports cite increased mortality rates and slower recovery when malnourished children were supplied lactose-containing milk. It is suggested that milk be distributed in low doses in areas where there are high LM rates.
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PMID:Lactose malabsorption in Bangladeshi village children: relation with age, history of recent diarrhea, nutritional status, and breast feeding. 47 86

Described here is a patient with severe watery diarrhea associated with common variable immunodeficiency. Malabsorption for fat, bile acids, vitamin B12 and xylose was demonstrated, but the patient failed to respond to all the usual therapeutic maneuvers. The diarrhea responded only to high dose steroid therapy. Intestinal perfusion studies showed a hitherto undescribed, presumably acquired, glucose-stimulated water, sodium and chloride secretion in the jejunum and ileum, whereas normal fluid and electrolyte transport occurred from bicarbonate and mannitol solutions. Glucose absorption itself was normal and no hormonal, morphologic or biochemical defect was demonstrated to account for the phenomenon. The patient was also interesting when compared with other patients with common variable immunodeficiency in having normal plasma cells in the intestinal mucosa and an extensive family involvement.
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PMID:Immunodeficiency, malabsorption and secretory diarrhea. A new syndrome. 47 4

A 5-year-old boy with known severe combined immunodeficiency disease presented with chronic diarrhea, malabsorption and retarded growth. Candida albicans was found in distal duodenal fluid, and invading the intestinal mucosa. Chronic diarrhea persisted after antimycotic therapy, but responded to treatment with cholestyramine. Repeated courses of cholestyramine resin over a 6-month period were required for complete resolution of the gastrointestinal symptomatology.
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PMID:Cholestyramine treatment of chronic diarrhea associated with immune deficiency syndrome. 47 76

Jejunoileal bypass operations have been used for more than 20 years for the treatment of massive obesity. This treatment results in malabsorption with diarrhoea, especially during the first year after the operation. A high incidence of urinary tract calculi have been found in these patients (4, 5, 15, 19, 24). Other known late complications are transient disturbances in liver function and electrolyte balance (5).
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PMID:The incidence of urinary tract calculi after small-intestinal bypass operations for treatment of obesity. 50 81

Postvagotomy-diarrhea, a troublesome complication of truncal vagotomy, seems to be caused by an increased concentration of bile acids reaching the colon due to intestinal hurry. Whether a dilatation of the gallbladder may contribute to bile acid malabsorption with its consequences of watery diarrhea cannot be decided at the moment. The beneficial therapeutic effect of cholestyramine or aluminiumhydroxide-containing antacids supports the concept that postvagotomy-diarrhea is induced by bile acids.
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PMID:[Postvagotomy-diarrhea (author's transl)]. 50 59

Oral triglyceride (TG) loading tests were performed in four groups of children: normal controls, patients with chronic nonspecific diarrhoea (CND), biopsy-proved mucosal pathology (MP), and disturbed intraluminal fat malabsorption (IFM). The rise of plasma TG levels greater than or equal to 55 mg/100 ml (greater than or equal to 0.6 mmol/l) can discriminate between patients with gastrointestinal disease and normal controls or patients with functional disturbances. The postmeal plasma TG rise correlates well with the coefficient of fat absorption (CFA) in normal subjects, patients with CND, and patients with IFM, but not in patients with MP who showed a disproportionally low plasma TG rise compared with their CFA. This test can serve as a useful tool in diagnosis and clinical evaluation for children with gastrointestinal disorders.
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PMID:Oral fat loading test: a reliable procedure for the study of fat malabsorption in children. 50 99


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