Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three cases of severe anorexia are reported. It results in a strong protein malabsorption with hepatic steatosis and in a syndrome of mental depression which needed the re-establishment of the intestinal-continuity. Although a mild post-operative anorexia is regular and contributes to the weight loss, massive anorexia must be considered as a new and redoubtable unpredictible complication of the surgical treatment for obesity, which may hinder the intestinal adaptation and increase the protein malabsorption.
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PMID:[Anorexia: a redoubtable complication of the surgical treatment for obesity after jejuno ileal by-pass (author's transl)]. 9 23

Severe protein-energy undernutrition is a frequent finding among chronically ill patients. Its causes are anorexia, hypermetabolism, and malabsorption. Adverse consequences include impaired cell-mediated immunity increased susceptibility to infection, poor wound healing, weakness, and death. Spontaneous oral intake is inadequate in patients with this disorder, and therapeutic maintenance or repletion alimentation is needed. Enteral hyperalimentation is the method of choice, if tolerated. A successful treatment program usually requires a small-bore, flexible nasoenteral tube, appropriate feeding solution, and constant flow delivery of nutrient. If only partial dietary requirements are tolerated enterally, peripheral intravenous nutrient solutions can often supply the deficit. Although not suitable for all patients, enteral hyperalimentation is more physiologic, safer, easier, and more economical than central venous hyperalimentation. It would be well tolerated by many patients who now receive nutritional repletion by the latter method.
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PMID:Enteral hyperalimentation: an alternative to central venous hyperalimentation. 10 58

There are many factors which are responsible for the high incidence of cachexia in human neoplasia. In this review, those considered to be of major importance are discussed. Nutritional disturbances, such as anorexia and malabsorption, are common and nutritional repletion may be beneficial to certain patients. Raised metabolic rate and energy expenditure are also encountered. Tumour cells may act as a nitrogen trap or energy sink, but the significance of these mechanisms in man is questionable. Ectopic hormone production by tumours is well established and a number of tumour-derived substances have been described which interfere with the intermediary metabolism of the host. The significance of these various substances also remains uncertain. Most experimental studies of cancer cachexia have utilized transplantable animal tumour models which bear a poor resemblance to the clinical condition. Development of more suitable models with human tumour xenografts might allow a quicker and better understanding of the aetiologies of human cancer-induced cachexia.
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PMID:Cancer cachexia in man: a review. 39 80

This review examines the contributions made by anorexia, loss of taste, malabsorption and disturbances of intermediary metabolism to the cachexia of cancer. Methods of nutritional assessment are outlined and mention is made of the usefulness of nutritional support as an adjunct to anti-cancer therapies.
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PMID:The cachexia of cancer. 39 13

The case of a 21-yr-old man, who died in cachexia after 2 yr of intermittent abdominal pain, bouts of diarrhea, and anorexia, is reported. Laboratory tests performed shortly before death disclosed signs of malabsorption. Radiologic examination of the gastrointestinal tract showed a coarse mucosal relief in the upper jejunum and a tubular aspect in the rest of the small bowel. There was no dilatation of the loops. Autopsy revealed severe to complete atrophy with fibrosis of the outer muscle layer of the entire small bowel, extending from the pylorus to the ileocecal valve. The only other lesion discovered was a moderate portoportal fibrosis of the liver. The patient's brother had died a few months earlier after 2.5 yr of similar symptoms. An upper gastrointestinal series had shown dilatation of the stomach with fluid retention and a tubular aspect of the small bowel with generalized widening of the loops. No autopsy was performed. There was a high degree of consanguinity on the mother's side. Family history revealed no other evidence of possible genetic factors in the disease.
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PMID:A case of familial visceral myopathy with atrophy and fibrosis of the longitudinal muscle layer of the entire small bowel. 46 30

A suicidal 67-year-old woman with manic-depressive psychosis took an overdose of asprin, amitriptyline and diazepam. The initial effects were pyrexia, tachycardia, hyperpnea, metabolic acidosis, electrocardiographic changes, hypoprothrombinemia, gastritis, and pancreatitis. Four to six weeks later, she was examined because of persistent abdominal pain with mausea, anorexia anemia, and possibly a malabsorption syndrome. An exploratory laparotomy was performed. The surgeon found several previous adhesions, a small intestinal volvulus, and a nodular pancreas. This suggested previous perforation of the small bowel from enteritis, causing a "blind-loop" syndrone. The invilved section of the small bowel was resected. With appropriate treatment, the patient is well three months after operation.
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PMID:Unusual abdominal complications of a suicidal overdose of analgesic and psychotropic drugs in an elderly patient. 61 54

Giardia lamblia has a cosmopolitan distribution. The organism exists in two stages--the trophozoite and the cystic stage. Infected children may have acute or chronic diarrhea, crampy abdominal pain, anorexia, malasorption and poor weight gain and may be misdiagnosed as celiac disease. Infection may be selflimited or chronic even over years. Diagnosis is usually made by finding the characteristic cyst in stool specimens or by duodenal aspiration. Histological sections and impression smears (AMENT) of intestinal mucosa biopsies have been proved to be the most reliable method for detecting giardiasis. Evaluation of impression smears for parasites is easier and quicker than examining serial sections of biopsies. Out of 175 selected patients with intestinal complaints which were undergone small intestinal biopsy 11 were infected with giardia lamblia (6.2%). All infected children were symptomatic, malabsorption could be demonstrated in 5/8, lactase levels were reduced in most children. Examination of duodenal aspirates, stool specimens and histological sections (routine histology) alone would not have been diagnostic in every case. Evaluation of impression smears proved to be a reliable method in detecting giardia lamblia infection and is recommended whenever an intestinal biopsy is performed.
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PMID:[The value of the "impression smear" in detecting giardia lamblia infection (author's transl)]. 64 94

Magnesium deficiency can occur in congestive heart failure, after diuresis with furoxemide, ethacrynic acid and mercurials, and with digitalis intoxication, diabetic acidosis, acute and chronic alcoholism, delerium tremens, cirrhosis, malabsorption syndromes, protracted postoperative cases, open heart surgery, the diuretic phase of acute tubular necrosis, and with hypoparathyroidism, primary aldosteronism, juxta-glomerular hyperplasia and pancreatitis. Two cases of serious ventricular arrhythmias associated with magnesium depletion are described. Clinical manifestations are vague but center around neurologic symptoms such as weakness, tremors, stupor, coma, nausea, vomiting and anorexia. Serious cardiac arrhythmias also occur with magnesium depletion. Magnesium appears to be very useful in hypomagnesemic or digitalis-toxic tachyarrhythmias. Magnesium may also be valuable in normomagnesemic tachyarrhythmias. Ten to fifteen milliliters of a 20 percent magnesium sulfate solution, given intravenously over 1 minute, followed by a slow 4 to 6 hour infusion of 500 ml of 2 per cent magnesium sulfate in 5 per cent dextrose in water is recommended. Recurrence of arrhythmias is common and a second infusion of magnesium sulfate may be necessary. Hypermagnesemia occurs frequently in renal insufficiency, and magnesium therapy may then be contraindicated. Serum levels above 5.5 meq/liter should be avoided. Loss of deep tendon reflexes and a decrease in respiratory rate can be used as guides to magnesium therapy. A plea is made for frequent analysis of serum magnesium so that more knowledge can be gained regarding this important biologic element in cardiovascular disorders.
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PMID:Magnesium deficiency and cardiac disorders. 80 29

The respective roles of reduced dietary intake and malabsorption in the pathogenesis of weight loss in persons with chronic tropical sprue have been evaluated . Dietary intake was found to be significantly (P less than 0.001) less in a group of 45 patients with tropical sprue, all of whom had anorexia due to deficiency of folate and/or vitamin B12, than in a group of 51 healthy Puerto Ricans. Weight loss was equally prominent in those patients with tropical sprue who had normal absorption of fat and protein as in those who had excessive fecal loss and reduced absorption of these nutrients. Treatment of five sprue patients with folic acid or vitamin B12 for 2 weeks resulted in improved appetite and increased in dietary intake with weight gain in the absence of significant improvement in intestinal absorption. Treatment with oral tetracycline for a similar period of time in five other patients was not associated with vitamin repletion, return of appetite or weight gain. These observations indicate that reduced dietary intake resulting from anorexia caused by vitamin deficiency is a significant, and sometimes the most important, factor in the pathogenesis of weight loss in persons with chronic tropical sprue.
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PMID:Factors responsible for weight loss in tropical sprue. 91 Jul 46

A 9-year-old girl with hereditary dibasicaminoaciduria has been studied for three years. Initially, clinical features were: growth failure; anorexia and aversion to protein, spontaneous daily protein intake averaging only 10 gm; fasting and postprandial venous hyperammonemia; subnormal plasma concentrations of lysine, arginine, ornithine, and citrulline, with generalized hypermonobasicaminoacidemia; abnormally high renal clearances of lysine, arginine, and ornithine; and intestinal malabsorption of lysine and arginine. Intestinal absorption of citrulline, a precursor of arginine and ornithine, was normal. The patient was observed during four sequential 6-month periods as follows: no treatment (Period I); dietary supplement of arginine and lysine (Period II); dietary supplement of citrulline and lysine (Period III); no treatment (Period IV). During Periods II and III growth rate increased 3- to 4-fold, spontaneous protein intake increased 2- to 3-fold, and abnormalities in blood NH3 and the plasma aminogram were partially corrected. In most respects the citrulline plus lysine supplement was more beneficial than that of arginine plus lysine.
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PMID:Hyperdibasicaminoaciduria, hyperammonemia, and growth retardation: Treatment with arginine, lysine, and citrulline. 118 37


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