Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Polyunsaturated fatty acids are known to affect plasma lipids and lipoproteins but there is no information on the effect of essential fatty acid (EFA) deficiency on lipoprotein composition. The purpose of this study was to characterize lipoproteins from 17 cystic fibrosis (CF) patients in relationship to their EFA status (eicosatrienoic/arachidonic acid ratio) and compare them with those of 10 healthy siblings (SIB) and of 10 unrelated controls. In 7 EFA-deficient (EFAD) and 10 EFA-sufficient (EFAS) patients, hypocholesterolemia was associated with a decrease of HDL-cholesterol and of LDL-cholesterol which was more marked in the EFAD group. Similarly, although triglyceride enrichment of VLDL, LDL, HDL2, and HDL3 with a concomitant reduction of cholesteryl esters from all particles except HDL2 was observed in both CF groups, it was more sizable in the EFAD patients. These changes led to an increase in the particle size of VLDL, LDL, and HDL2 whereas the distribution of HDL3 was skewed to smaller particles. Alterations in the apoprotein composition of particles were greater in EFAD than in EFAS. A decrease of total postheparin lipolytic activity was observed in the two groups of CF patients as well as in siblings. It was entirely accounted for by hepatic lipase (mumol FFA/ml per h) which was more severely diminished in EFAD (2.8 +/- 0.6) than in EFAS (4.4 +/- 0.7) and SIB (5.1 +/- 0.5). Although the two groups of CF children differed in terms of growth, severity of malabsorption, and vitamin E status, these data suggest that disturbance of lipoprotein concentration, composition, size, and metabolism (hepatic lipase) may be in part related to EFA deficiency. Further studies are necessary to explore the effect of EFA deficiency on hepatic lipase activity.
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PMID:Relationship of decreased hepatic lipase activity and lipoprotein abnormalities to essential fatty acid deficiency in cystic fibrosis patients. 276 73

Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism were studied in 10 patients who had undergone total pancreatectomy. The results were compared with Type I diabetic patients and normal subjects, all of whom were matched for age, sex and weight. At the same level of glycemic control, the daily need for insulin was significantly lower in the patients with pancreatogenic diabetes than in those with Type I diabetes. Concentrations of serum total VLDL and HDL triglyceride were higher in the pancreatectomized patients than in the diabetic or normal controls, whereas concentrations of serum total and LDL cholesterol were significantly lower. The composition of the VLDL, LDL and HDL particles was abnormal in the totally pancreatectomized patients as all three lipoprotein fractions were enriched in triglyceride. HDL2 cholesterol was similar in the totally pancreatectomized patients to that in the other two groups but HDL3 cholesterol was lower. Postheparin plasma lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase activities were normal. It is concluded that in totally pancreatectomized patients the changes in the lipoprotein profile on reflect more the action of various confounding factors, i.e. malabsorption, continuance of alcohol abuse and dietary changes than the impact of the diabetes itself.
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PMID:Glycemic control and serum lipoproteins after total pancreatectomy. 405 43

In twelve females with early forms of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) serum lipoproteins, the intravenous fat tolerance test ( IVFTT ) and the lecithin: cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) rate were determined and compared to healthy controls. The cholestatic LDL (LP-X) test was negative in all cases. PBC patients had lower very low density lipoprotein TG concentrations than controls and had levels of (high-density lipoprotein) HDL-TG, -cholesterol and -phospholipids that were about 50% higher than in controls. In PBC the HDL2-cholesterol concentration was double but the HDL3-cholesterol concentration was 60% of control values (P less than 0.001 for both). The LCAT rate and the IVFTT value did not differ between the groups. A typical finding on agarose gel electrophoresis was the appearance of a slow-moving alpha-band. Several interpretations of these results are possible. In PBC the hepatic lipase activity may be impaired leading to a shift of the HDL2/HDL3 relation. The transport of HDL2 to the liver lipase site may also be affected and HDL3 production reduced due to malabsorption in the intestine.
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PMID:Lipoprotein abnormalities in patients with early primary biliary cirrhosis. 642 6