Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The metabolism of apolipoprotein (apo) A-IV in diabetes mellitus (DM) is poorly understood. Several factors, such as dietary fat intake, fat malabsorption, acute inflammation, and hormonal dysregulation can disturb the plasma apo A-IV concentration. We have compared the plasma apo A-IV concentrations in patients with type 1 DM and DM secondary to chronic pancreatitis to determine the effects of combinations of these factors. We examined 4 groups of male patients with chronic pancreatitis without diabetes (ND-CP) (n = 12), diabetes secondary to chronic pancreatitis and insulin-treated (CP-DM) (n = 32), type 1 diabetes (n = 25), and controls (n = 20). Plasma apo A-IV was significantly lower in the chronic pancreatitis patients (ND-CP and CP-DM) than in the other patients. Inflammatory proteins (fibrinogen, ceruloplasmin, and haptoglobin) were significantly elevated in the 2 chronic pancreatitis groups. The apo A-IV concentration was positively correlated with hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) percentage in each group of diabetic patients (CP-DM, r =.35; P =.046; type 1 DM, r =.53; P =.010), in both groups of diabetic patients (r =.472; P <.0001) and negatively correlated with ceruloplasmin concentration in each group of diabetic patients (CP-DM, r = -.48; P =.0052; type 1 DM, r = -.66; P =.003), in both groups of diabetic patients (r = -.561; P <.0001), and in the whole population (r = -.463; P <.0001). Apo A-IV was also negatively correlated with haptoglobin in type 1 DM patients (r = -.434; P =.0435), in the both groups of diabetic patients (r = -.349; P =.0154), and in the whole population (r = -.351; P =.0019). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that only HbA(1c) and ceruloplasmin were independent explanatory variables. Plasma apo A-IV is positively correlated with HbA(1c) suggesting that hyperglycemia per se selectively affects apo A-IV metabolism. The correlation between the concentrations of inflammatory protein and apo A-IV suggest a link between chronic inflammation and apo A-IV synthesis or catabolism. As apo A-IV is involved in reverse cholesterol transport, its low level in CP-DM may contribute to the accelerated development of atherosclerosis in these patients.
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PMID:Effect of the inflammation, chronic hyperglycemia, or malabsorption on the apolipoprotein A-IV concentration in type 1 diabetes mellitus and in diabetes secondary to chronic pancreatitis. 1155 32

Clinical presentations of the celiac disease and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are highly variable, but little is known about those factors determining disease phenotype. Since differences in the antioxidant, scavenging and immunomodulatory properties were found among 3 major haptoglobin (Hp) phenotypes. The aim of our study was to investigate the distribution of Hp polymorphisms in large cohort celiac patients and in patients with IBD, and also their possible association with the clinical presentation of these diseases. Hp phenotypes were determined by sodium-dodecyl-sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and immunoblotting of the sera, which clearly identifies the genotypes. In celiac patients, the frequency of Hp 2-1 phenotypes was significantly higher compared to the control population. The occurrence of Hp 2-2 was lower; however, patients having this phenotype were at an increased risk of severe malabsorption as a clinical presentation of the disease but reduced risk of silent disease. In Crohn's disease (CD), patients with Hp 2-1 type carried a higher probability for inflammatory form compared to the other two phenotypes, while the stricturing form developed less frequently. In patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis we found no Hp 1-1 expression. The role of Hp molecules may be explained by their distinct immunomodulatory properties and structural characteristics. Sero-reactivity to microbial components or perinuclear components of neutrophils (atypical P-ANCA) is reported to be associated with disease phenotype and may be of diagnostic importance in IBD. The aim of our study was to investigate the prevalence of serological markers in a large cohort of IBD patients. We also assessed the possible interaction with the disease phenotype and studied the relationship between serological response and genetic factors. Sera were assayed for Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ASCA) and outer membrane porin protein of Escherichia coli (anti-Omp) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and ANCA by indirect immunofluorescence method. Serological markers proved to be useful in differential diagnosis of IBD. In a logistic regression analysis, ASCA and anti-Omp were independently associated with ileal and non-inflammatory disease, but not with a risk for surgery. The number of antibodies produced against microbial antigen and their titers in CD showed a positive correlation with the small bowel involvement and the severity of the disease course (serology dosage effect). Reactivity to microbial components was associated with caspase recruitment domain (NOD2/CARD15) genotype. Positive correlation was found between the number of mutations and the prevalence of antimicrobial antibodies (gene dosage effect), further supporting the role of altered microbial sensing in the pathogenesis of CD.
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PMID:[Possible pathogenic role of vascular, immunologic and genetic factors in certain gastroenterologic disorders]. 1902 49