Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The most common initial symptoms in 169 patients with Crohn's disease, followed from 1956 to 1973, were diffuse abdominal pain, diarrhoea without any blood admixture, loss of weight, and fever. At the onset of the disease 84% of patients were aged 10-39 years. The most important complications (in descending order of frequency) were fistulae and abscesses, ileus, anaemia, and malabsorption. A breakdown into active and passive phases indicated that the younger the patient at onset of the disease, the more severe its course. The disease seemed to take a more favourable course when only the colon, but not the terminal ileum, was involved. Recurrence occurred more frequently after a short than after a long preoperative history. Recurrences were more frequent in patients under than over 31 years of age at their first operation.
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PMID:[Crohn's disease: course and prognosis in 169 patients (author's transl)]. 2 19

A series of 29 cases of amyloidosis of the alimentary tract is reported. Five cases (17%) were primary amyloidosis; 14 cases (48%) were amyloidosis secondary to other diseases (such as chronic inflammatory and neoplastic diseases); 10 cases (35%) were amyloidosis of the heredo-familial type connected with Familial Mediterranean Fever. In 23 patients (79%) the diagnosis was established by biopsies, and in 6 more cases on autopsy. Gastrointestinal involvement was found in all age groups. Gastro-enterologic complications observed in the present series include: diarrhea, malabsorption, ileus and gastrointestinal bleeding. In addition other conditions such as jaundice (3 cases), esophagitis and acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis were observed. In 22 patients proteinuria was observed and in 13 patients the nephrotic syndrome. Among 17 patients, in 11 the clinical picture before death was that of terminal renal failure. The survival after diagnosis among 14 patients reached 4 years in 9 cases, and 19 years in one case. The diagnostic value of the rectal biopsy is emphasized.
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PMID:[Gastrointestinal amyloidosis]. 18 89

Spontaneous internal biliary fistulas are complications of biliary disease and may themselves be the source of further complications. Instances of the latter observed in a series of 28 bilio-digestive and 18 bilio-biliary forms are described: angiocolitis, biliary peritonitis, cholangitic cirrhosis, diarrhoea and malabsorption syndrome, haemorrhage, biliary ileus and Bouveret syndrome. Stress is laid on the need for early diagnosis and early surgery. It is pointed out that there is no such thing as an innocuous biliary calculus.
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PMID:[Complication of spontaneous internal biliary fistulae (experiences in 46 cases)]. 33 27

Extensive small intestine resection (70--90%) as should be done after mesenteric infarction produces a chronic malabsorption syndrome with its consequences. Applying an invagination valve of the small intestine (Kock) and using the isoperistaltic modification, passage of the chyme is delayed and its resorption improved. A small intestine resection of 90% was done in 8 mongrel dogs. After an average of 2--3 months an obvious cachexia as well as a steatorrhea could be observed. By adapting an isoperistaltic small intestine invagination valve near the colon weight reduction could be stopped during another 6 months and the steatorrhea disappeared No ileus occured.
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PMID:[An additional use of the small intestinal invagination valve]. 61

In terms of a short review indications and applications of infusion therapy in gastroenterology (concerning vomiting, fistulas, diarrhea, ileus and peritonitis) are discussed. It is pointed out that in cases of water and electrolyte deficiency a rigid regimen is not reasonable. If possible a balance should be obtained. Parenteral nutrition is applied in obstructions of the upper gastrointestinal tract and in maldigestion and malabsorption.
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PMID:[Infusion therapy in gastrointestinal diseases]. 81 18

Forty-five patients (25 male and 20 female) over 12 years of age with cystic fibrosis have been studied clinically, radiologically and physiologically. Their mean age at the first visit was 17 years; they were followed for a mean period of 4 years and attended at least every six months. The first symptom which developed before the age of five in 42 of the 45 patients was respiratory. Thirty-two of the 45 patients had severe lung disease (Group III) at the start of the study of the seven patients died during the study. Cough and sputum were almost universal, 23 had haemoptyses and eight pneumothoraces. Staphylococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the common pathogens isolated from sputum and the increasing prevalence of the latter was again confirmed. Acquisition of the mucoid strain of pseudomonas signified poor prognosis. Established infection was never eradicated. Forty-three patients had evidence of pancreatic insufficiency; in all but one patient the symptoms were mild and five patients abandoned dietary restriction and pancreatin without ill effect. Seven patients had symptoms of partial bowel obstruction (meconium ileus equivalent) but only one required surgical relief. The liver was enlarged in seven patients and the spleen was felt in three. Three patients had diabetes mellitus. The influence of cystic fibrosis on growth and development is reported--the growth spurt is late in the majority but growth failure is not confined to those with severe lung infection or malabsorption and in these circumstances remains unexplained. Mean weight was low in relation to height and puberty was delayed in both sexes.
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PMID:Cystic fibrosis in adolescents and adults. 82 Oct 91

Evidence is presented that many of the enteric and systemic manifestations after jejunoileal bypass can be related to an inflammatory process within the bypassed small bowel rather than to the surgically induced sequelae of a short bowel syndrome with malabsorption. Invasion of the excluded segment by fecal flora was associated with a histologically demonstrable inflammatory response of the mucosa. The disorder was of variable severity and duration and occurred in the majority of 28 bypass patients. Progression to a clinical syndrome resembling an acute abdomen occurred in about 15% of the patients. Small bowel ileus and, in some patients, obstruction of the colon were suggested by physical signs and x-ray findings. Surgical exploration in such instances demonstrated an inflammaotry process of the excluded small bowel loops with severe distention of this segment and of the colon, but not organic obstruction. Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis was a sequal in two patients. Exudative protein loss was documented in the severe cases. Most of the systemic sequelae are comparable to those seen with inflammatory diseases of the bowel such as Crohn's disease. Fever, excessive weight and lean tissue loss, and the involvement of skin, blood vessels, joints and possibly, the liver suggest an immune response as a common factor in the pathogenesis. The clinical improvement with antibiotics such as metronidazole or with restitution of normal bowel continuity indicates that the bacterial flora in the excluded small bowel segment or its byproducts are causally related to the systemic complications. Hyperoxaluria may be primarily the sequela of steatorrhea and not of the inflammatory process.
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PMID:Bypass enteropathy: an inflammatory process in the excluded segment with systemic complications. 83 42

The clinical findings and pathological changes in a 14 year old boy who died from severe malabsorption are presented. Early signs of the illness were attacks of abdominal pain, diarrhoea, and intermittent periods of constipation. Later, severe malabsorption together with chronic ileus were apparent but no organic obstruction was found at several laparotomies. X-ray examination revealed extremly distended intestinal loops and a very slow transit time of barium. Malnutrition could not be improved by dietary, medical, or surgical therapy. Microscopic examination of the tissues obtained at autopsy showed changes in the small vessels of the lungs, heart, kidneys, and intestine. Increased fibrous tissue combined with atrophy of the muscular coat was observed in the wall of the entire intestine. Although cutaneous changes of scleroderma were not evident the deposition of collagenous material and the vascular changes seem typical of systemic sclerosis.
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PMID:Sclerosis of the intestinal tract with severe malabsorption. 89 73

An individual who has cystic fibrosis (CF) may suffer from gastrointestinal problems related to inadequately controlled intestinal absorption secondary to the pancreatic insufficiency. These include neonatal meconium ileus, distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS), constipation and acquired megacolon, rectal prolapse and rarely pancreatitis. If the intestinal malabsorption is well controlled with an effective pancreatic enzyme preparation, DIOS, constipation and rectal prolapse are infrequent. Persisting gastrointestinal symptoms should be investigated thoroughly to exclude other disorders not directly related to the cystic fibrosis; these include cows' milk intolerance, coeliac disease, giardiasis, Crohn's disease and intra-abdominal malignancy. Both appendicitis and intussusception may cause difficult diagnostic problems particularly in patients who may also have distal ileal obstruction syndrome.
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PMID:Cystic fibrosis: gastrointestinal complications. 145 4

A 50-year-old woman with a typical history of chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction was admitted to hospital because of an acute episode of abdominal cramps, nausea, and vomiting. The diagnosis of chronic idiopathic intestinal pseudo-obstruction had been established in this patient who had malnutrition and extreme weight loss as a result of severe malabsorption syndrome. The abdominal roentgenogram showed a typical hypotonic intestine with an enlarged stomach and distended intestinal loops with the radiological signs of an ileus. In addition to former episodes, there was also a transient aerobilia. The patient had not undergone biliary surgery or endoscopic sphincterotomy. To investigate the cause of the findings, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic manometry of the sphincter of Oddi were performed. The endoscopy showed the stomach and duodenum with a wide and dilated lumen and no spontaneous motility. Endoscopic manometry of the biliary tract and the sphincter of Oddi showed several abnormalities compared with a group of normal volunteers or patients who were examined via biliary manometry for other reasons. There was a low basal pressure (3.5 mm Hg) in the sphincter of Oddi together with low-amplitude phasic contractions (25-30 mm Hg), but the contraction frequency was in the normal range. Further investigations of the motility of the gastrointestinal tract in this patient showed diffuse esophageal spasms and a markedly delayed gastric emptying. The findings of biliary manometry in this patient suggest involvement of the sphincter of Oddi and the biliary system in chronic idiopathic pseudo-obstruction.
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PMID:Aerobilia and hypomotility of the sphincter of Oddi in a patient with chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction. 129 27


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