Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Five cases with gastrointestinal histoplasmosis are presented. Gastrointestinal involvement is moderately frequent during the hematogenous dissemination of histoplasmosis. Depending on the underlying pathological changes, six roentgenographic patterns can be identified: 1. malabsorptive; 2. ulcerative; 3. polypoid; 4. granulomatous; 5. tumefactive and 6. compressive. Perforation, hemorrhage, obstruction and erroneous diagnosis for ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease or carcinoma are the major complications. Histoplasmosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of diseases presenting with a malabsorption pattern, gastrointestinal polyposis, ulcerative and granulomatous gastrointestinal diseases and carcinoma, particularly if pulmonary lesions co-exist.
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PMID:The Radiology Corner. Gastrointestinal histoplasmosis, roentgenographic, clinical and pathological correlation. 111 80

A rare case of gastric polyposis caused by infiltration of Langerhans' cells is reported. A 53 year old Japanese woman complaining of vague abdominal discomfort, was found at endoscopy to have numerous polyps all over the gastric wall. An endoscopic biopsy specimen showed characteristic infiltration of Langerhans' cells in the lamina propria of the mucosa. Functional abnormalities such as impaired gastric acid secretion or malabsorption were not associated with this lesion and the patient was treated conservatively. During follow up over two years, she had a cutaneous eruption with infiltration of histiocytes and osteolytic lesions in the skull. However, no progressive changes occurred in the stomach. This probably benign self-limiting lesion of gastric histiocytosis X may be one of the manifestations of multifocal histiocytosis X, but its aetiology and appropriate treatment have not yet been determined.
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PMID:Gastric polyposis caused by multifocal histiocytosis X. 164 44

An elderly man with non-familial gastrointestinal polyposis, malabsorption and progressive hypoproteinemia is reported. Associated alopecia, cutaneous hyperpigmentation and nail dystrophy with loss of nails were consistent with the diagnosis of Cronkhite-Canada syndrome. Hypothyroidism was present in this patient and the rare association of these two conditions is discussed.
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PMID:Cronkhite-Canada syndrome with hypothyroidism. 237 35

In 1955, Cronkhite and Canada described two patients presenting abnormal skin pigmentation, alopecia, onychodystrophy and gastrointestinal polyposis. In the first French case reported here, the skin pigmentation has been the object of a special electron microscope study. M. E..., 48-year old, developed, in 1968, pigmented maculae with a metallic gloss around his pelvic girdle. The melanoderma rapidly expanded, associated with fall of hair, body hairs and eyebrows. Onyxis and perionyxis of the right thumb, milium-like epidermal cysts, tumoral lesions of the keratoacanthoma type on the nose and scrotum and, chiefly, generalized cockade-like bullous erythema associated with buccal erosions soon completed the clinical picture. The bullae were subepidermal, and direct and indirect immunofluorescence tests revealed the presence of antibodies directed against the basal membrane area. A few years later, a gastrointestinal syndrome developed progressively, consisting of liquid diarrhoea (8-10 stools per day) with deterioration of the patient's general condition and loss of weight leading to cachexia and, ultimately, death. During periods when the gastrointestinal symptoms regressed the general condition improved, hair and hairs started growing again and pigmentation was less pronounced. Examinations of the digestive tract discarded a malabsorption syndrome. Endoscopy revealed the presence of false polyps with paved appearance of the colonic and rectal mucosae. The mucosa was congested, inflamed and strewn with ulcerations. Histology showed signs of acute proctitis. The abnormal skin pigmentation was the object of histological and ultrastructural analysis. Under the light microscope the epidermis was thicker than normally with increased melanin content. There was marked pigment leakage with numerous melanophages. At electron microscopy the melanocytes, more numerous, showed increased melanogenic activity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Cronkhite-Canada disease. Discussion apropos of a case and study of the pigmentation]. 391 30

Cystic fibrosis is the most common fatal inherited disease of Caucasians. At present, cystic fibrosis accounts for most cases of chronic progressive pulmonary disease and for many other clinical features in the first three decades of life. Thus, it is a challenge to both pediatricians and internists, particularly chest physicians. The diagnosis is based on the triad of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pancreatic insufficiency, and increased levels of electrolytes in the sweat. The cardinal test for confirmation of the diagnosis is the "sweat test," which is an excellent discriminant for cystic fibrosis, even in adults. Ancillary features of cystic fibrosis may be of diagnostic assistance (eg, nasal polyposis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in sputum, azoospermia, and others). Treatment of the pulmonary disease must be emphasized. Choice of antibiotics should be based on the results of sputum culture, but P aeruginosa is the most common pathogen. Removal of secretions by regular postural drainage and percussion is an integral part of the program. Pneumothorax, massive hemoptysis, cor pulmonale, and other complications may be encountered. Sinusitis is almost universal, and nasal polyposis is frequently present. Pancreatic insufficiency occurs in over 80 percent of the patients with cystic fibrosis and may result in intestinal malabsorption. Massive salt loss through the sweat in hot weather, a distinctive type of biliary cirrhosis without jaundice, gallbladder abnormalities, cholelithiasis, and diabetes mellitus also may be found. Of special importance are intestinal obstructive complications (meconium ileus in newborn infants with cystic fibrosis and intestinal obstruction due to fecal accumulation or intussusception in adults). Azoospermia is present in 95 percent of men and there is reduced fertility in women; however, pregnancy does occur in cystic fibrosis. This chronic and ultimately fatal disease produces a predictable set of psychosocial complications.
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PMID:Diagnosis and treatment of cystic fibrosis. An update. 637 70

A 71-year-old man with characteristic clinical and pathological pictures of Cronkhite-Canada syndrome associated with gastric cancer is presented. Histological examinations of gastric and colonic polyps which resembled juvenile type revealed no malignant cells. The patient slowly recovered after subtotal gastrectomy and elemental diet supplement with antiplasmin agents. As for as is known to the authors, a total of 69 cases with this syndrome were reported in Japan including our patient. Of these cases 8 had cancer of the gastrointestinal tract. Two of them, including our case, had gastric cancer. Another one was associated with gastric cancer but not intestinal polyposis. The remaining 5 cases were associated with colonic cancer. Caution must be paid to the fact that cachexia or malabsorption in some patients with this syndrome results from gastrointestinal malignancy. The prognosis of this syndrome consisted of 20 deaths including 2 postoperative deaths, 33 of improvement including 4 of natural remission and 4 of remission after gastrectomy or colectomy, 7 unchanged and the remainder not described.
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PMID:Cronkhite-canada syndrome associated with gastric cancer: report of a case. 687 99

Diseases of the skin and the gastrointestinal tract may occur together. It is important to examine the skin of everyone showing a gastrointestinal problem. Gastrointestinal signs and symptoms in dermatologic diseases may occur with dysphagia, abdominal pain, gastrointestinal bleeding and diarrhea with or without malabsorption. In general the cause is found in a genetic disorder, or it is infectious, drug-induced, inflammatory or related to a malignant disorder. Polyposis are hamartomatous tumors or result as an inflammatory reaction. All these syndromes may present with cutaneous lesions. As malignant degeneration of polyps often develops, the early diagnosis and preventive treatment is crucial. Inflammatory bowel disease is often associated with skin complications such as pyoderma gangrenosum and erythema nodosum. Malignant disorders in the gut may metastasize into the skin or may produce rather typical paraneoplastic changes.
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PMID:[Skin symptoms in gastrointestinal diseases]. 775 66

One hundred and ten cases of Cronkhite-Canada Syndrome (C-C-S) reported in Japan were reviewed in this epidemiologic study. Seventy-five percent of all C-C-S cases reported in the world in literature have been reported from Japan. There has been no special occupation associated with an increased incidence of C-C-S. Mental and physical stress have been confirmed as among the most important risk factors for this syndrome. Hypogeusia is the dominant initial symptom which usually is followed by diarrhea and ectodermal changes including alopecia, nail dystrophy and skin pigmentation. Gastrointestinal polyposis is closely related to the malabsorption which induced these ectodermal changes. However, there is a small number of cases in which alopecia precedes to the diarrhea in the disease course.
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PMID:Cronkhite-Canada syndrome: epidemiological study of 110 cases reported in Japan. 853 87

We prospectively evaluated the diagnostic yield of push enteroscopy using either the Olympus SIF 10-LY fiberscope or the SIF-100 video enteroscope in 120 patients suspected of having small-bowel pathology. Insertion beyond the ligament of Treitz, checked by fluoroscopy, ranged from 30 to 150 cm (median 100). The source of bleeding was identified in 25 (41%) of 61 patients referred for gastrointestinal bleeding of obscure origin; vascular malformations were the most common finding, followed by neoplasias. Of 16 patients with inherited polyposis syndromes, multiple distal duodenal or jejunal hamartomas were diagnosed in five of six with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and multiple duodenal or jejunal adenomas in six of 10 with familial adenomatous polyposis. Overall, isolated vascular malformations were successfully cauterized in three patients, and polypectomy was performed in 12 patients. Endoscopic and histological alterations, in both duodenum and jejunum, were found in 16 of 43 patients with diarrhea and/or malabsorption of unclear origin. The remaining 27 had normal duodenal and jejunal mucosal appearances; six had abnormal histological findings only in the jejunum and one both in the duodenum and in the jejunum. If we take jejunal histology as diagnostic, the sensitivity of duodenal histology was 74% and the specificity was 100%. We conclude that push enteroscopy provides useful diagnostic information and has therapeutic capabilities in patients with small-bowel pathology.
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PMID:Clinical enteroscopy. 872 66

A case report of a young patient (born in 1980) with a 2-year history of chronic ulcerative proctocolitis was described. Checking colonoscopy 6 months from the beginning of disease showed multiple and even confluent polypoid lesions in transverse gut starting from hepatic flexure in addition to diffuse inflammatory rectosigmoideal changes. Biopsy found only colic mucosa without any tumorous structures. Five months later the patient's state got worse accompanied instantly by vomiting, weight loss and malabsorption symptoms. A duodenocolic fistula was supposed according to gastroduodenoscopy and biopsy. Because of progressive suffering of the patient colectomy with ileoduodenoanastomosis and ileosigmoidoanastomosis was performed. Polypous lesions were observed from the blind gut up to descendent colon and a transversoduodenal fistula was proved. The removed part of gut was completely changed into a dense network of elongated polypous lesions. In microscopy, bigger polyps showed an inner stromal part often with bands of smooth muscle cells covered by nearly normal gut mucosa. Smaller polyps were formed by hypertrophic gut mucosa only. At the base of polyps, a stagnation of gut contents was found as well as ulcerous defects of various depth. Macroscopy and microscopy of polypoid lesions formed by non-neoplastic gut mucosa were those of so called bizzare ("giant") inflammatory polyposis of the gut. Up to now the patient's clinical picture and local finding in the stump of resected gut have been typical for chronic ulcerous colitis and polypous lesions were not revealed by checking investigations.
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PMID:[A bizarre inflammatory polyposis of the colon in chronic ulcerative proctocolitis]. 962 28


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