Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Alcoholism has been associated with growth impairment, osteomalacia, delayed fracture healing, and aseptic necrosis (primarily necrosis of the femoral head), but the main alterations observed in the bones of alcoholic patients are osteoporosis and an increased risk of fractures. Decreased bone mass is a hallmark of osteoporosis, and it may be due either to decreased bone synthesis and/or to increased bone breakdown. Ethanol may affect both mechanisms. It is generally accepted that ethanol decreases bone synthesis, and most authors have reported decreased osteocalcin levels (a "marker" of bone synthesis), but some controversy exists regarding the effect of alcohol on bone breakdown, and, indeed, disparate results have been reported for telopeptide and other biochemical markers of bone resorption. In addition to the direct effect of ethanol, systemic alterations such as malnutrition, malabsorption, liver disease, increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines, alcoholic myopathy and neuropathy, low testosterone levels, and an increased risk of trauma, play contributory roles. The treatment of alcoholic bone disease should be aimed towards increasing bone formation and decreasing bone degradation. In this sense, vitamin D and calcium supplementation, together with biphosphonates are essential, but alcohol abstinence and nutritional improvement are equally important. In this review we study the pathogenesis of bone changes in alcoholic liver disease and discuss potential therapies.
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PMID:Bone changes in alcoholic liver disease. 2601 41

Alcohol-induced muscle damage (AIMD) - an umbrella term that includes all forms of alcoholic myopathy developing in acute or chronic alcohol intoxication. The most common form of destruction of skeletal muscle in alcoholism is a chronic alcoholic myopathy, which develops independently of other manifestations of alcoholism, such as polyneuropathy, malabsorption syndrome, liver damage, but can be combined with them. The basis of the destruction of skeletal muscle in chronic AIPM is atrophy of muscle fibers. Mainly affects muscle fiber type II with less destruction of type ! fibers. Currently, the pathogenesis of chronic alcoholic myopathy is studied. The imbalance of protein synthesis and proteolysisand increased apoptosis rate are discussed.
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PMID:[Physiological basis of alcohol-induced skeletal muscle injury]. 2944 11