Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have evaluated the urinary excretion of promoting (calcium, phosphorus, uric acid, oxalate) and inhibiting (citrate, magnesium, glycosaminoglycans) factors of crystallization in subjects with idiopathic hypercalciuria and calcium urolithiasis and in a control group. The examined children had a free diet and were drug free for the last 2 weeks. They were not affected by malabsorption, D-RTA, urinary tract infection, or urinary tract malformation (factors interfering with urinary excretion of citrate and oxalate). In the patients with calcium urolithiasis, the daily urinary excretion of oxalate was significantly higher (p less than 0.01), and the urinary excretion of citrate was significantly lower (p less than 0.001) than in the subjects with idiopathic hypercalciuria and in the control group. Among the subjects with idiopathic hypercalciuria, those aged 4-9 years had a significantly reduced, though in the normal range, urinary excretion of citrate as compared with those aged 10-15 years (362 +/- 189 and 503 +/- 198 mg/g creatinine/24 h, respectively; p less than 0.01). Our data show that hypocitruria may play an important role in the pathogenesis of urolithiasis in children with idiopathic hypercalciuria. In these cases, the urinary citrate excretion was not inversely related to age, as has been suggested by other authors.
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PMID:Promoters and inhibitors of calcium urolithiasis in children. 225 56

A 24 year-old patient with a short-bowel syndrome receiving home parenteral nutrition in addition to oral feeding for 32 months was treated by oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for urinary tract infection. Three days later, he developed neurologic disorders associated with severe hyperchloremic acidosis and high plasma level of D-lactate. This is a rare complication of intestinal malabsorption due to small bowel by-pass or extensive resection due to transient alteration of intestinal microflora induced by the oral antibiotic treatment. Diagnosis requires a high indice of suspicion.
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PMID:[D-lactic acidosis and encephalopathy in short-bowel syndrome occurring during antibiotic treatment]. 239 70

From 1980-1986 intestinal mucosal lymphangiectasia was diagnosed histologically in eight patients (6 weeks to 16 years; four males/four females; seven white). The presenting features were diarrhea (six/eight), vomiting (four/eight), and growth deficit (seven/eight). Additional conditions in these patients included asthma, urinary tract infection, esophageal atresia, hydrops fetalis, inflammatory bowel disease, malabsorption syndrome, and thymic hypoplasia. Hypoalbuminemia and edema (four/eight) were more prominent in those patients under 5 years of age. Two had systemic lymphangiectasia and lymphopenia. The patients responded variably to hyperalimentation and dietary supplements, depending on the extent of their lymphangiectasia and the age at onset of symptoms. Dilated lymphatics were seen in the small intestinal mucosa under the surface epithelium. Lesions were often focal, requiring several biopsies or serial sections for detection. Other common findings were mild to moderate lymphoplasmacytic inflammation and mild to moderate villous injury with blunting and edema. Mild inflammation without lymphangiectasia was also present in esophageal, gastric, or colonic biopsies. Diagnosis should be made on the basis of endoscopic findings or in small-intestinal inflammatory conditions even in the absence of a classic clinical picture. Histologic confirmation may require more than one serially sectioned biopsy. This study confirms the diversity of disorders that may be associated with intestinal lymphangiectasia and shows that the disease in infants is more severe and generalized.
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PMID:Intestinal lymphangiectasia in children: a study of upper gastrointestinal endoscopic biopsies. 274 90

After the development of monophasic combined oral contraceptives (COCs), containing a fixed dose of estrogen and progestogen, biphasic and triphasic COCs were introduced in the 1980s; in these the dose of ethinyl estradiol and progestogen changes during the pill cycle. In the so-called every day pills, the 21 pills of active steroid combination are followed by 7 inactive pills containing starch, iron, or bran. Method failures of OCs are among the lowest ranging from 0.2-1/100 woman-years. User failures can be as high as 6.2/100 women-years. The individual difference in peak plasma levels of estrogens in women taking identical OCs can be 10-fold. Conditions that affect the bioavailability of contraceptive steroids are: 1) drug interaction (vitamin C, drugs that induce liver enzymes, and antibiotics); 2) vomiting; 3) vegetarianism; 4) missing pills; and 5) malabsorption. Metabolic effects of COCs pertain to carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, hemostasis, and vitamins. Prescribing of COCs involves counseling clients about contraindications to COCs, starting routines, and the pill-free interval, as well as follow-up and monitoring, the problem of missing pills, and selection criteria for OC use. Medical conditions in which COC use requires special consideration are sickle cell disease, trophoblastic disease, HIV disease, gallstones, epilepsy, valvular heart disease, oligomenorrhea/amenorrhea, inflammatory bowel disease, and surgery. Side effects of COCs may include depression, nausea, vomiting, headaches, urinary tract infection, and lower genital tract infections. 6 months after stopping the OC 1% of users become amenorrheic. Many of the common causes of amenorrhea, such as weight loss amenorrhea and polycystic ovarian disease, may be treated with the COC until the couple desires to have a baby. The new progestogens desogestrel, norgestimate, and gestodene are highly selective compared to first and second generation progestogens.
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PMID:Combined oral contraceptives: acceptability and effective use. 832 4

Although patients with Hirschsprung's disease (HD) carry some factors that increase the risk of urolithiasis this fact seems to be underestimated. Among 302 patients with HD, four patients (1.32%) with urolithiasis were encountered. Since factors increasing the risk of urolithiasis such as urinary tract infection, constipation, vesicoureteral reflux, enteric resections and malabsorption may be encountered during the course of HD, an increased risk of urolithiasis in these patients should be expected.
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PMID:Urolithiasis in patients with Hirschsprung's disease. 924

Strongyloidiasis in an immunocompromised patient has the potential to be life threatening. We describe a boy who was on steroids for acute demyelinating myelitis and receiving antibiotics for E. coli UTI and meningitis. He developed anasarca, malabsorption, malnutrition and left ventricular failure. Duodenal biopsy revealed abundant rhabditiform larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis. The diagnosis went unsuspected and proved fatal. This emphasizes the need to have a high index of suspicion and early intervention for S. stercoralis in immunosuppressed persons who present with refractory gastrointestinal symptoms.
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PMID:Disseminated strongyloidiasis in a immunocompromised host. 2225 57

"Cholestasis" means abnormal synthesis or secretion of bile. The main symptom in a neonate or infant is jaundice. Urine is dark, staining diapers, and stools are variably pale or white. Vitamin K should be injected (to prevent coagulation disorders due to malabsorption). The two diagnoses requiring urgent treatment are urinary tract infection and biliary atresia. If stools are permanently white, biliary atresia is highly probable. A few genetic causes of intrahepatic cholestasis should be screened and corrective surgery organized. The diseases responsible for cholestasis in this age group are described as well as the investigations and treatments, including the management of non-specific complications of cholestasis. A delay in the diagnosis of biliary atresia can have such severe consequences that consultation with a hepatology unit or transfer should be easy and rapid.
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PMID:[Neonatal cholestasis]. 2685 Jan 53

Celiac crisis is a rare life-threatening presentation of celiac disease that manifests as profuse diarrhea, hypoproteinemia, and severe metabolic disturbances. It may be precipitated by a general immune stimulus such as surgery, infection, or pregnancy. We report the case of a 26-year-old woman who presented with a celiac crisis, potentially triggered by a preceding urinary tract infection. Metabolic derangement is caused by malabsorption and profuse diarrhea, which can be unremitting unless the celiac crisis is recognized, and treatment with gluten restriction is initiated.
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PMID:Urinary Tract Infection Associated with a Celiac Crisis: A Preceding or Precipitating Event? 2862 85