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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The author studied fifty cases of Strongyloidiasis infection. In fourteen patients (28%) who had heavy (massive) infection the author detected clinically and laboratorially six cases (12%) with defects of the malabsorption syndrome.
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PMID:[Malabsorption in strongyloidiasis]. 12 89

Intestinal parasites not only cause diarrheal illnesses but may also cause significant malabsorption in man. Separation of true malabsorption caused by a particular parasite from other factors that may coexist with and even mimic malabsorption, such as malnutrition may be very difficult. Despite these problems, it appears that giardiasis, coccidiasis, strongyloidiasis and capillariasis cause malabsorption of many important nutrients. D. latum interfere with vitamin B12 absorption.
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PMID:Parasites ana malabsorption. 39 Oct 37

A 58 year old Chinese male, one week after arriving in Canada from Hong Kong, presented with acute abdominal pain and diarrhoea which was rapidly followed by Escherichia coli infection causing septicaemia and meningitis. His past history revealed bronchial asthma for 15 years treated with steroids. At laparotomy, 7 days after the onset of symptoms, he was found to have extensive haemorrhagic infarction of the small bowel and right colon. Examination of the fibrosed mesenteric vessels revealed numerous filariform larvae of Strongyloides stercoralis, within the walls, and in all layers of bowel wall. The role of the parasite in the production of obliterative arteritis in this fatal case of haemorrhagic enteropathy is discussed. Clinical strongyloidiasis, in uncomplicated cases, varies from mild to severe with gastroenteritis, nausea, colicky abdominal pain, electrolyte imbalance and symptoms of malabsorption syndrome (MARCIAL-ROJAS, 1971). In malnourished individuals and patients with debilitating infections, either newly acquired or asymptomatic latent infection with S. stercoralis can assume severe dimensions (BROWN and PERNA, 1958; HUGHTON and HORN, 1959). Similarly, in patients on steroid (CRUZ et al., 1966; WILLIS and MWOKOLO, 1966; NEEFE et al., 1973) and immunosuppressive therapy for lymphomatous diseases or deficient in immune response (ROGERS and NELSON, 1966; RIVERA et al., 1970), systemic strongyloidiasis is often fatal. The increased frequency of auto-infection in such patients with a breached immune barrier is, however, unclear. Further complications of this infection due to severe enterocolitis result in sepsis, bacteraemia and meningitis (BROWN and PERNA, 1958; HUGHTON and HORN, 1959). This paper presents a fatal case of S. stercoralis infection which illustrates an uncommon if not unique, mechanism in its production of haemorrhagic enteropathy leading to sepsis and death.
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PMID:Fatal bowel infarction and sepsis: an unusual complication of systemic strongyloidiasis. 122 84

This 54-year-old Korean coal miner suffered from continuous watery diarrhea and weight loss after corticosteroid treatment (beta-methasone, 4 mg daily for 1 week) due to hip-bone fracture in January 1991. Except for the short therapy of steroid, no other histories were contributory. The malabsorption syndrome was aggravated while the case was treated under the impression of amebiasis or intestinal tuberculosis. AIDS antibody test by EIA was negative and quantitative analysis of serum immunoglobulins was in normal ranges. Nine months after the onset of symptoms, the case was diagnosed as malabsorption syndrome caused by complexed and aggravated infection by Strongyloides stercoralis, Isospora and cytomegalovirus in the small intestine, which were proved by stool examination and duodenal biopsy. His clinical course became worse even after high-dosed and prolonged albendazole treatment for strongyloidiasis with supportive fluid therapy. The patient was discharged in hopeless status in November, 1991 and died after one week at home.
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PMID:[A case of fatal malabsorption syndrome caused by strongyloidiasis complicated with isosporiasis and human cytomegalovirus infection]. 131 69

We reported multiple jejunal diverticula with strongyloidiasis and malabsorption syndrome. To our knowledge, 140 cases including the present one have been reported in Japan. We reviewed these cases in this report.
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PMID:[A case of multiple jejunal diverticula with strongyloidiasis and malabsorption syndrome]. 211 43

Gastrointestinal helminths (nematodes, trematodes and cestodes) constitute some of the most common and important infective agents of mankind and are responsible for much morbidity and some mortality. Whereas many symptoms and signs are confined to the intestine and less often the associated digestive organs, systemic manifestations are also numerous; this applies especially to indigenous populations of developing 'Third World' countries. Using a clinical classification these organisms can be broadly separated into those involving the small-intestine and those which have a colo-rectal distribution; of the former, a minority has been causally related to intestinal malabsorption. Clearly, however, not all gastrointestinal helminths are associated with disease and it is important to be able to separate these two groups; when present at high concentration and especially in infants and children some of the least pathogenic are not, however, entirely asymptomatic. Maintenance of a high 'index of suspicion' is necessary and this applied especially to 'western' populations in whom rapid and extensive travel to areas of the world with substandard sanitation and contaminated food and water supplies is now common; first evidence of infection in them may result from serious clinical complications. Recent advances have focussed on treatment, and especially the introduction of the benzimidazole compounds (especially albendazole) for nematode, and praziquantel for cestode, infections. Treatment of strongyloidiasis remains, however, unsatisfactory. Mass elimination of gastrointestinal helminths in developing 'Third World' countries remains a major challenge.
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PMID:The clinical significance of gastrointestinal helminths--a review. 329 85

Current knowledge is examined about the means whereby ascariasis, hookworm disease, strongyloidiasis and trichuriasis may contribute to the aetiology of human malnutrition. Results from experiments with related parasites in the laboratory have demonstrated the role of gastrointestinal helminthiases in animal malnutrition. Some evidence shows that in children, infection with the intestinal stages of Ascaris lumbricoides is associated with reduced growth rate, disturbed nitrogen balance, malabsorption of vitamin A, abnormal fat digestion, lactose maldigestion and an increased intestinal transit time. The main impact of hookworm infection is its relationship with iron-deficiency anaemia which may have effects at the community level as regards work and productivity in adults and learning and school performance in children. More research is needed to extend knowledge of the nutritional impact of ascariasis and hookworm disease in order to establish their public health significance. Research is needed also to identify the range of nutritional effects on man that occur as a result of trichuriasis and strongyloidiasis. The significance of less prevalent and more localized gastrointestinal helminthiases should not be ignored.
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PMID:Nutritional aspects of infection. 329 87

Strongyloidiasis is a human intestinal parasitosis caused by the nematode Strongyloides stercoralis. In most cases the infection is subclinical, but rarely, disseminated strongyloidiasis may occur in debilitated or immunocompromised patients, and in those who receive immunosuppressive agents. In this report, we describe an unusual case of severe disseminated strongyloidiasis, with intestinal, pulmonary and neurological manifestations, in a previously healthy male. The onset of the disease was acute with headache and neck stiffness, due to subarachnoid-ventricular haemorrhage. During a protracted clinical course the patient developed diarrhoea, abdominal pain, recurrent paralytic ileus, pneumonitis and respiratory distress, malabsorption and weight loss, diagnosis was delayed due to the complicated course and rarity of the disease. The diagnosis finally established during evaluation for malabsorption by demonstrating larvae of S. stercoralis in the jejunal mucosal biopsy and faeces. Response to mebendazole treatment was prompt with complete recovery and resolution of all systemic manifestations. Early diagnosis and treatment of strongyloidiasis in the intestinal phase is critical in the prevention of dissemination, which may prove lethal due to life-threatening complications.
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PMID:Disseminated strongyloidiasis with uncommon manifestations in Greece. 378 11

In summary, it appears that giardiasis, coccidiosis, cryptosporidiosis, strongyloidiasis, capillariasis and perhaps P. falciparum malaria are the only parasitic diseases which cause malabsorption of many nutrients. D. latum and A. lumbricoides interfere with vitamin B12 and vitamin A absorption, respectively. In view of the increasing use of immunosuppressive therapy, it is likely that malabsorption caused by intestinal parasites may become even more evident in the future.
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PMID:Parasites and malabsorption. 640 70

In Dakar, through histopathological biopsies, the author looked for duodenal alterations in four parasitosis: giardiasis, strongyloidiasis, hookworms and ascaridiosis. He gives an overall survey on malabsorption in relation with intestinal parasitosis, including intestinal capillariosis and coccidiosis. He recalls basic concepts concerning each of these parasitic diseases, with a special mention to mucosal invasion and endogenous self reinfection during some parasitosis; he also emphasizes the importance of some diagnosis techniques (such as examination of duodenal fluid in relation to giardiasis). Anatomical lesions (villi atrophia and chorion cellular infiltration) were the starting point to study such as intestinal malabsorption. But these lesions are neither specific nor regular. Other causes must be determined such as direct action of the parasite, bacterial overgrowth, exudative enteropathy. The role played by host factors seems to be of the utmost importance in giardiasis and strongyloidiasis (antibody deficiency proteinic malnutrition). The part played by the parasite biomass is unquestionable in hookworm disease (hypoalbuminuria, anemia) and a great number of worms in ascaridiasis worsens a preexisting condition of malnutrition. Finally, intestinal parasitosis, with a special mention to giardiasis and strongyliasis, may be responsible for a malabsorption syndrome. They must be identified through reliable diagnosis tests, prior to referring to "idiopathic malabsorption syndrome in Tropical areas".
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PMID:[Malabsorption syndrome and intestinal parasitosis]. 664 78


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