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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 100 infants and children with bacterial or viral infections determination of faecal fat was done. None of the patients showed signs of malabsorption prior to investigation. The faecal fat content is expressed as percent of the dry weight of the stool. A fat content of up to 14% of the dry weight of the stool can be regared as normal. A faecal fat content of 15 to 20% is indicative for an elevated fat excretion, and a fat content of more than 20% gives evidence for steatorrhoea. In 80% of the infants with bacterial and in 50% of the infants with viral infections steatorrhoea could be demonstrated. In children with bacterial infections 18% showed a normal, 69% an elevated fat excretion ain 13% there was a steatorrhoea. In children with viral infections 6% showed a normal fat excretion whereas 81% had an elevated excretion and 13% exhibited steatorrhoea. Thus viral infections compared with bacterial infections seem to cause disturbances of fat absorption more frequent. Whereas the degree of the disturbance seems ot be less intense in viral infections.
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PMID:[Determination of faecal fat in infants and children with bacterial and viral infections (author's transl)]. 64 91

143 patients (70 patients with Crohn's disease, 11 with ulcerative colitis, 40 with an intestinal by-pass operation, 9 with non-tropical sprue, 10 with short bowel syndrome, and 3 with other gastrointestinal disease) were studied during a metabolic regime including a fixed oral supply of 70 g fat, 800 mg calcium, and 200 mg oxalate. Faecal fat, 47Ca-absorption, 14C-oxalate absorption, and renal oxalate excretion were measured, and in the majority of patients a 14C-glyco-cholic acid breath test was also performed. 14Ca-absorption was practically identical (r = 0.92), whether determined by whole-body counting or from the accumulation of absorbed 47Ca in the skeleton of the underarm. 14C-oxalate absorption and renal oxalate excretion agreed well (r = 0.85). Steatorrhoea correlated weakly with renal oxalate excretion (r = 0.63, p less than 0.001), whereas no correlation was present between faecal fat and calcium absorption or between oxalate and calcium absorption under the constant conditions prevailing during the study. It is recommended that a "trifixed" regime with absorption studies of fat, calcium, and oxalate be undertaken previous to therapy that aims at a reduction of steatorrhoea or hyperoxaluria or an improvement of calcium absorption in chronic malabsorption syndromes, not least because therapy of these categories of patients most often continues for years.
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PMID:Standardized ("trifixed") diet in the study of chronic malabsorption syndromes. 67 51

Oxalate-urolithiasis and hyperoxalaria have been reported to be a frequent complication in patients with small bowel disease, especially in patients with ileal resection due to Crohn's disease. Hyperabsorption of oxalate seems to be the main patholgenetic factor for "enteric" hyperoxalaria. Intestinal absorption and urinary excretion of oxalate was measured in patients with various gastrointestinal diseases after oral or rectal administration of 14C-oxalate. Kinetic data suggest that 14C-oxalate is absorbed in the small, the large bowel and the rectum as well. Oxalate absorption was decreased in patients with a colectomy and in active ulcerative colitis, but increased in patients with ileal resection, chronic liver disease, and steatorrhea due to chronic pancratitis or sprue. There existed a positive correlation between 14C-oxalate absorption and the amount of fecal fat excretion. The data suggest that hyperoxaluria and hyperabsorption of oxalate are not a specific finding in patients with bile acid malabsorption, but may occur too, in steatorrhea without alteration of bile acid metabolism.
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PMID:[Enteric hyperoxaluria. I. Intestinal oxalate absorption in gastrointestinal diseases (author's transl)]. 68 26

This study was designed to assess the functional efficiency of the ageing small intestine and the possible role of malabsorption in old people with nutritional deficiencies. Fifty subjects aged 65 to 92 years were studied, of whom 33 presented with anaemia, chronic diarrhoea or bone pains, and 17 were apparently healthy 'controls' with no relevant symptoms. Tests of intestinal function included blood xylose and iron absorption curves, a double isotope Schilling test, faecal fat, urinary indican and small bowel radiology, with duodenal aspiration and jejunal biopsy in some cases. On the basis either of steatorrhoea or at least two other abnormal parameters of absorption, there were 15 cases of malabsorption. Thirteen of these had symptoms but two were 'controls'. Four of these had duodenal diverticulosis, two had the post-gastrectomy syndrome, and one had calcific pancreatitis. Malabsorption in the remaining eight cases was not fully explained. The age range of this last group was 72--86 years; one of them had a contaminated small bowel and two showed some evidence of pancreatic insufficiency. Malabsorption emerged as a significant cause of low levels of serum iron, haemoglobin and calcium. The blood xylose test is a useful screening procedure for intestinal malabsorption in old age, but full evaluation calls for investigation of pancreatic function.
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PMID:The ageing gut: a study of intestinal absorption in relation to nutrition in the elderly. 68 55

An attempt was made to evaluate the diagnostic effectiveness of the 14CO2-tripalmitin breath test in the screening or diagnosis of fat malabsorption. The differential absorption of 14C-tripalmitin and palmitic acid was evaluated in the diagnosis of pancreatic insufficiency. 24 controls, 13 patients with steatorrhea and 6 with pancreatic disease (4 of them with sufficiency) were studied. 81 breath tests were performed using 75 ml sour cream as a carrier. In 11 cases the 14C-tripalmitin test was repeated using 27 g corn oil as carrier. Both the 14C-tripalmitin and 14C-palmitic acid breath tests failed to provide any discrimination between normals and patients with fat malabsorption. Variation in type and amount of the carrier fat did not alter these results. 14C-tripalmitin absorption was distinctly abnormal in the patients with pancreatic insufficiency. The differential absorption of 14C-tripalmitin and 14C-palmitic acid provided an even better separation between patients with and without pancreatic disease. In contrast to some other investigators we did not find the 14C-tripalmitin and/or palmitic acid breath tests useful in the diagnosis or screening of fat malabsorption. These tests appear promising in the diagnosis of pancreatic disease.
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PMID:Is the fat breath test effective in the diagnosis of fat malabsorption and pancreatic disease? 72 47

In this 54 year old woman with celiac disease, osteomalacia developed while she was on a gluten-free diet which had caused regression of her steatorrhea. She was not responsive to large doses of parenterally administered dihydrotachysterol and calcium, but she was responsive to the oral administration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-OHD3). The data suggest that 25-OHD3 is the treatment of choice for patients with vitamin D deficiency due to intestinal malabsorption.
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PMID:Osteomalacia and celiac disease: response to 25-hydroxyvitamin D. 74 23

A 63-year-old man presented with fever, splenomegaly, steatorrhea, diarrhea, and weight loss. A tissue diagnosis of systemic mastocytosis was made. This case is unusual in that diarrhea and steatorrhea were present in the absence of skin lesions and because fever was a prominent symptom. Thus, systemic mastocytosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of intestinal malabsorption even when the skin shows no abnormalities. The gastrointestinal manifestations of systemic mastocytosis are reviewed.
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PMID:Systemic mastocytosis with review of gastrointestinal manifestations. 75 38

A balanced intake of alimentary lipids is necessary for calcium and phosphorus absorption, as for growth and calcification of bone. In lipid deprivation or excess, important disorders of phospho-calcic metabolism appear particularly in young growing subjects. The qualitative content of ingested fats has, too, a great influence : lipids containing short and medium-chain fatty acids, essential fatty acids and oleic acid stimulate calcium absorption. An excess of long chain and saturated lipids, or intake of erucic acid depress calcium absorption and retention. These facts are possible pathophysiological mechanisms in human disorders: The so-called humanized milks are close to human milk regarding their capacity of stimulation of phospho-calcic absorption and growth. In these milks, oleic and linoleic triglyceride level must be increased. In adult pathology, lipidic deficiency of steatorrhea is partially responsible for calcium and vitamin D malabsorption. Conversely, lipid-calcium interactions are not one-way, and an elevated dietary calcium depresses saturated lipid absorption, and has a hypolipemic action interesting in prevention of atherosclerosis of aged patients.
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PMID:[Lipid calcium interactions in experimental and human nutrition (author's transl)]. 77 52

The clinical, biochemical, immunological and histopathological features in a patient with alpha-chain disease are described. The patient, a 20-year-old Coloured man, presented with severe steatorrhoea, malabsorption, abdominal pain and progressive general deterioration. An heterogeneous abnormal band with IgA immunochemical specificity was detected on electrophoresis of the patient's serum and urine. This protein was identified as free alpha-chain and was present in serum, urine, saliva and jejunal juice. A jejunal mucosal biopsy specimen showed distinctive appearances associated with alpha-chain disease. Bone marrow involvement was found and abnormal lymphoid cells were seen in the circulation together with an increased B lymphocyte population derived from bone marrow. This is the third South African patient with alpha-chain disease to be diagnosed. The patient has shown a partial remission after 12 months' chemotherapy. There was rapid symptomatic response and normalisation of protein parameters which were not paralleled by an objectively discernible response as assessed by haematological examination, intestinal absorption studies and histology of the jejunal mucosa.
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PMID:Alpha-chain disease in a non-Mediterranean climate. A case report. 81 7

A patient with malabsorption syndrome and steatorrhea was found to have IgG (lambda) M component in the blood and some extracellular deposition of IgG in the intestinal wall. There was no evidence of multiple myeloma. He responded favourably to intermittent courses of melphalan and prednisone.
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PMID:Malabsorption syndrome with IgG(lambda) M component: response to chemotherapy. 81 94


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