Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Avian reovirus (ARV) causes several disease syndromes in poultry including arthritis, malabsorption syndrome and chronic respiratory disease that result in major economic losses. Early detection is very important for the control of the ARV-induced infections. This study was therefore aimed at developing a reliable assay protocol for identification of diseases (RAPID)-bioactive amplification with probing (BAP) assay for detection of ARV. This assay combines nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and magnetic bead-based DNA probing systems greatly increasing its sensitivity and specificity. Alignment of ARV S2 gene from different ARV genotypes and serotypes was done to find the highly conserved regions for primer and probe design. Two reverse transcription (RT)-PCR primer pairs, six nested PCR primer pairs, and one magnetic probe were tested to find the most specific ones for ARV detection. The optimal conditions for RT-PCR, nested PCR, and hybridization of magnetic probe were established. The optimal annealing temperatures for RT-PCR and nested PCR were 62.1 and 54.8 degrees C, respectively. The optimal hybridization temperature was 51.2 degrees C using hybridization buffer (5x SSC and 0.5% SDS). The sensitivity of the kit was 5 copies/microl of ARV genomic RNA. The kit was very specific as all negative controls failed to show any positive reactions. The kit shows good reproducibility with intra- and inter-assay coefficient of variation (CV) of 1.3 and 1.7%, respectively. In addition, different serotypes and genotypes of ARV were tested by RAPID-BAP assay to estimate the practicability of the kit in clinical samples. All of ARV serotypes and genotypes tested could be detected by this kit proving that the kit is suitable for clinical application.
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PMID:Development of a reliable assay protocol for identification of diseases (RAPID)-bioactive amplification with probing for detection of avian reovirus. 1831 46

Avian reovirus (ARV), an important pathogen in poultry, causes arthritis, chronic respiratory disease, and malabsorption syndrome that cause considerable economic losses to the poultry industry. In present study, we have succeeded in construction of a universal baculovirus surface display system (UBSDS) that can display different foreign proteins on the envelope of baculovirus. Sequences encoding the signal peptide (SS), transmembrane domain (TM), and cytoplasmic domain (CTD) derived from the gp64 protein of baculovirus and histidine tag, respectively were inserted into the pBacCE vector. Four restriction enzyme sites between the histidine tag and gp64 transmembrane domain were established for expression of different foreign proteins. The transmembrane domain and CTD of gp64 in the platform were designed in order to improve stability and quantity of foreign proteins on the envelope of baculovirus. The sigmaC and sigmaB proteins of ARV are known to elicit neutralizing antibodies against ARV. The UBSDS was therefore used to express sigmaC and sigmaB proteins on the envelope of baculovirus. Two recombinant baculoviruses BacSC-sigmaC and BacSC-sigmaB have been successfully constructed. After infection, both His6-tagged recombinant sigmaC (rsigmaC) and sigmaB (rsigmaB) proteins were displayed on the envelope of recombinant baculoviruses and the recombinant viral proteins were anchored on the plasma membrane of Sf-9 cells, as revealed by immunofluorescence staining (IFS) and confocal microscopy. The antigenicity of rsigmaC and rsigmaB proteins was demonstrated by Western blotting assay. Immunogold electron microscopy demonstrated that both recombinant viruses displayed rsigmaC and rsigmaB proteins on the viral surface. Immunization of BALB/c mice with recombinant viruses, demonstrated that serum from the BacSC-sigmaC and BacSC-sigmaB treated models had significant higher levels of virus neutralization activities than the control groups. This demonstrates that the recombinant baculoviruses BacSC-sigmaC and BacSC-sigmaB can be a potential vaccine against ARV infections.
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PMID:Baculovirus surface display of sigmaC and sigmaB proteins of avian reovirus and immunogenicity of the displayed proteins in a mouse model. 1880 48

Lung transplantation has become a viable option for those cystic fibrosis (CF) patients with end-stage lung disease. Despite the challenges that the CF patients present, the survival seen after lung transplantation is more favorable than seen in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary fibrosis. Although the CF patients with severe respiratory disease usually are infected with organisms that display in vitro resistance to the commonly used antibiotics, these patients usually have successful outcomes with transplantation. The other challenges include the presence of nontuberculous mycobacteria, the significant incidence of liver involvement, the development of an ileus or the development of the distal intestinal obstruction syndrome, and the presence of gastroesophageal reflux. Most of the patients have metabolic bone disease, even preoperatively, that warrants treatment, especially with the significant loss of bone density seen in the first year after transplant, thought to be related, in part, to the high dose of corticosteroids. Diabetes mellitus and its consequences are not uncommon. The malabsorption of fat seen in the pancreatic-insufficient patients complicates the absorption kinetics of the anti-rejection drugs. In May 2005 the United Network of Organ Sharing instituted a lung-allocation score to better distribute the donated lungs to those patients who would achieve the most benefit. This score uses several variables to balance the likelihood of the patients living one year with a transplant versus one year without a transplant. With this change in the allocation of organs, the median waiting times have significantly decreased, the mortality on the waiting list has decreased, and the number of CF patients transplanted has not changed. With substantial experience, more programs are now transplanting patients who require constant mechanical ventilation or patients who have undergone previous pleural procedures, especially in the treatment of a pneumothorax. The limiting factor now in lung transplantation is the number of organs available. Efforts to increase the donor pool, such as alveolar recruitment strategies to improve gas exchange, have been effective in allowing more patients to be transplanted. Lung transplantation is now an accepted form of therapy in those patients who are developing progressive respiratory failure.
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PMID:Lung transplantation in cystic fibrosis. 1946 64