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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three cases of severe anorexia are reported. It results in a strong protein malabsorption with hepatic steatosis and in a syndrome of mental depression which needed the re-establishment of the intestinal-continuity. Although a mild post-operative anorexia is regular and contributes to the weight loss, massive anorexia must be considered as a new and redoubtable unpredictible complication of the surgical treatment for obesity, which may hinder the intestinal adaptation and increase the protein malabsorption.
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PMID:[Anorexia: a redoubtable complication of the surgical treatment for obesity after jejuno ileal by-pass (author's transl)]. 9 23

The pathology of the liver in 19 cases of malabsorption is reported. Five of these were proven to have adult coeliac disease, in the others that diagnosis was presumed by exclusion of other causes of malabsorption and by the coincidence of other conditions known to be associated with coeliac disease. Of these cases, three had liver changes of chronic hepatitis and two of these were in the proven coeliac group, including a case with cirrhosis and a hepatoma. In addition, less severe liver changes such as portal tract fibrosis and portal tract infiltration by inflammatory cells were present greatly in excess to that of the controls. The reasons for the occurrence of liver damage in coeliac disease are outlined and discussed in relation to the liver disorders associated with jejunoileal bypass used in the treatment of obesity. Possible mechanisms of liver injury in coeliac disease are described.
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PMID:The liver in coeliac disease. 21 Jan 3

Variations in body weight, behaviour of lipidaemic fractions proteinaemia, uricaemia and uricuria, and lipid and protein absorption were studied preoperatively and at varying times following operation in five subjects who had undergone jejuno-ileal bypass for obesity. The results showed high serous NEFA and a definite, early and persistent reduction in all lipidaemic fractions after operation. The post-operative levels of serous proteins, particularly albumin, which were reduced in all subjects, reached pathological levels in two patients where proteic malnutrition following on the operation was associated with serious liver disease. The results agree with reported data. The variations in lipidic and proteic malabsorption proved to be in agreement with weight drop and the serous parameters considered. The reduction in uricaemia encountered in the five patients studied failed to agree with data reported in the Anglo-Saxon literature. This may be explained by alimentary and racial differences between the two populations of patients.
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PMID:[Behavior of serum proteins and lipids after jejuno-ileal bypass for obesity]. 35 86

The effect of a new complex oligosaccharide exhibiting potent inhibitory action on alpha-glucoside hydrolases on intestinal absorption of sucrose in man was tested by constant in vivo perfusion of the jejunum. At concentrations of 4.65 or 15.5 X 10(-6)M the alpha-glucosidehydrolase inhibitor (alpha-GHI) markedly inhibited absorption of glucose from sucrose and absorption of sodium and water. Oral administration of the alpha-GHI resulted as well in depression of solute, sodium, and water absorption. This new compound can serve as an interesting tool to induce carbohydrate malabsorption by inhibition of final digestion and may possibly be of beneficial therapeutic effect in dietary control of diabetes or obesity.
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PMID:Effect of alpha-glucosidehydrolase inhibition and intestinal absorption of sucrose, water, and sodium in man. 38 40

In severe obesity with adipose tissue hyperplasia it is difficult to achieve and sustain weight decrease by conventional therapy. Fifteen severely obese patients (mean body weight 135 kg) with hyperplastic obesity had a jejuno-ileostomy according to Payne to induce weight reduction by controlled malabsorption. Body composition, adipose tissue cellularity, and glucose tolerance were studied before and after the operation when the patients had reached a new stable weight (WS) a mean 21 months after surgery. Preoperative fat cell number was unchanged at follow-up in contrast to all other variables of body composition. Reductions in fat cell size were evenly distributed in different major subcutaneous regions. Body potassium was determined immediately after operation and at 6 months intervals until WS. The postoperative decrease stopped at 6 months, thus differing from the decrease in body weight. Significant positive correlations between the postoperative decrease in body weight or body fat, and preoperative body weight, body fat and body cell mass were analysed by multiple stepwise regression. Preoperative body weight and body fat were shown to predict postoperative weight loss at a leve of P less than 0.005. A positive correlation between body fat decrease and fat cell number could be explained hypothetically by an increased caloric demand in hyperplastic obesity.
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PMID:Body composition and adipose tissue cellularity before and after jejuno-ileostomy in severely obese subjects. 41 71

Five years following jejunoileal intestinal bypass surgery for obesity, a patient developed debilitating weakness and muscle pain. Osteomalacia was suspected clinically by radiographic and laboratory abnormalities and confirmed by bone biopsy. Malabsorption was documented as well as secondary hyperparathyroidism. Successful treatment of this syndrome with vitamin D and calcium identified a medically reversible disorder which obviated the need for surgical reanastomosis.
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PMID:Osteomalacia and weakness complicating jejunoileal bypass. 43 11

The effect of a new complex oligosaccharide (Bay g 5421) of microbial origin on human intestinal alpha-glucosidehydrolase activity was tested in mucosal homogenate from human small bowel biopsy specimens. The alpha-glucosidehydrolase inhibitor (alpha-GHI) exerted a potent inhibitory effect on glucoamylase, sucrase, and maltase, was minimally effective on isomaltase, and did not affect trehalase and lactase activity. Kinetic analysis revealed a fully competitive type of inhibition with a Ki of 1.3 x 10(-6) M; thus the inhibitor had a 15,000-fold higher affinity to the enzyme sucrase than its natural substrate sucrose. The new compound may prove to be useful in the study of carbohydrate maldigestion and malabsorption and may possibly be of therapeutic benefit in diabetes and obesity.
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PMID:Inhibition of human intestinal alpha-glucosidehydrolases by a new complex oligosaccharide. 44 22

Follow-up of 25 cases of pancreatitis in childhood ascertained from the Hospital Activity Analysis in Newcastle and Wales showed that the majority of the children thrived after their illness. Only one child died. Only 2 children developed diabetes mellitus and 3 had significant malabsorption. There were 13 idiopathic cases (9 acute, 4 chronic relapsing), 3 of which were obese girls of pubertal age. It is speculated that obesity, puberty and female sex together may predispose to acute pancreatitis.
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PMID:Pancreatitis in childhood. 46 Dec 79

Jejunoileal bypass operations have been used for more than 20 years for the treatment of massive obesity. This treatment results in malabsorption with diarrhoea, especially during the first year after the operation. A high incidence of urinary tract calculi have been found in these patients (4, 5, 15, 19, 24). Other known late complications are transient disturbances in liver function and electrolyte balance (5).
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PMID:The incidence of urinary tract calculi after small-intestinal bypass operations for treatment of obesity. 50 81

The limitations of conservative therapy of extreme obesity compel the patient to seek a surgeon. He can do the following: Resect deposits of fat, create a condition of malabsorption by jejunoileostomy or perform a gastric by-pass, which reduces the capacity of the stomach. The gastric by-pass is the method of choice for treating the adipose child. We perform the jejunoileostomy only on patients with more than 100% overweight. With the weight reduction the pathologic metabolism is normalized. A plastic correction of pendant skin is necessary.
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PMID:[Surgical disconnection of the small intestine as a contribution to plastic surgery]. 59 63


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