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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A randomized study was performed in advanced cancer to test the effectiveness of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) in maintaining and improving nutrition, to examine the effects of TPN on tumor growth, and to determine if TPN altered chemotherapy response rates, treatment tolerance, and survival. Forty-five patients on identical chemotherapy were randomized to TPN versus ad libitum feeding. TPN was well tolerated. No clinical or tumor marker evidence suggesting neoplastic growth stimulation was obtained. Chemotherapy-related complications and chemotherapy responses did not differ between the two groups. TPN had little effect on performance status. TPN patients gained an average of 2.8 kg before chemotherapy, but triceps skinfold and mid-arm muscle area did not change significantly during TPN. Survival did not improve with TPN. We conclude that current techniques of TPN are of limited benefit in advanced colon cancer. A small subset of patients with short-gut malabsorption may be helped. Further study is needed to determine the mechanisms of cancer undernutrition and to refine nutritional supplementation techniques on the basis of these mechanisms.
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PMID:Total parenteral nutrition as an adjunct to chemotherapy of metastatic colorectal cancer. 680 21

By roentgenographic methods alone no certain differentiation can be made between primary and secondary gastrointestinal lymphomas, nor can the histological characteristics and the cell type be derived from the roentgenological pattern. Only in proximal small intestinal lymphomas with malabsorption does a diffuse malignant histiocytosis seem to exist. The roentgenographic presentation of a gastrointestinal lymphomatous lesion is dependent on the direction of growth of the tumor cells in the bowel wall, and is therefore accidental.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal malignant lymphoma: roentgenographic features and pathologic and morphologic correlations. 689 25

A malignant lymphoma of the small bowel developed in a 75-year-old woman who had severe late-onset hypogammaglobulinemia with intestinal malabsorption and nodular lymphoid hyperplasia. The tumor arose in the midst of the abnormal lymphoid follicles and appeared to be of B-immunoblastic type. Immunoperoxidase staining, however, failed to reveal immunoglobulins in the tumor cells. In vitro immunologic studies showed that immunoglobulin production by the patient's peripheral lymphocytes had decreased and that this decrease was mediated by hydrocortisone-sensitive suppressor cells. These findings suggest that nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of the intestine in the context of severe immunodeficiency is a premalignant condition.
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PMID:Immunoblastic lymphoma of small intestine complicating late-onset immunodeficiency. 689 59

Malignant lymphoma involves the gastrointestinal tract as a primary or secondary in the course of disseminated lymphoma. Although primary lymphoma has received the most attention in the literature, secondary lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract is much more common. The gastrointestinal manifestations and complications are a common problem and there is a lack of information as to diagnosis, management and prognosis. Intensive application of currently-available diagnostic techniques including radiology, cytology, endoscopy, biopsy and gastric secretory studies should be pursued for the evaluation of patients with lymphoma. The management of the multiple gastrointestinal complications such as monilial esophagitis, hemorrhagic gastritis, stress erosions, intestinal perforation, diarrhea, malabsorption and radiation damage that may then affect the gastrointestinal tract in the course of malignant lymphoma or its treatment requires very careful supportive management. Each modality of tretment for lymphoma may be associated with a variety of complications which compromise the structure and function of the gastrointestinal tract and which may be at times more devastating than the underlying neoplasm. Early recognition and active treatment of these complications is vital.
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PMID:The gastrointestinal manifestations and complications of malignant lymphoma. 699 13

To determine whether lactose malabsorption can be induced in children receiving cancer chemotherapy, lactose breath hydrogen tests (LBHT) were performed on 27 patients (ages 2 months to 16 10/12 years, mean 4 3/12 years) with neoplastic disease. Nine patients had an LBHT before their first course of chemotherapy and then 7--26 days afterwards. Eighteen other patients, less than 5 years old and presumed by virtue of age to be normal lactose absorbers, had an LBHT 7--24 days after their last course of chemotherapy. All nine in the first group had a normal LBHT before chemotherapy, and three had an abnormal LBHT 7--21 days later. Six of eighteen patients in the second group had an abnormal LBHT. Of the nine patients with an abnormal LBHT, six had a history of diarrhea associated with chemotherapy. These findings have important implications for children receiving cancer chemotherapy. High-calorie, milk-containing solutions used in nutritional support may precipitate cramps and diarrhea in some of these patients. A therapeutic trial of a low lactose diet in children in whom diarrhea develops during chemotherapy may be indicated.
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PMID:Cancer chemotherapy-induced lactose malabsorption in children. 705 78

In three treated patients with a generalized invasion by a tumor of the lymphoid-hemopoietic systems, the neuropathologic findings were consistent with Wernicke's encephalopathy. The clinical picture was atypical, but thiamine deficiency by severe malabsorption was the probable cause of this neurologic complication. It is postulated that the chronic form of Wernicke's encephalopathy must occur more frequently than previously shown in treated and long-standing cases of such kinds of tumors.
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PMID:Wernicke's encephalopathy in patients with tumors of the lymphoid-hemopoietic systems. 738 63

Hypophosphatemic osteomalacia that remits after resection of a coexisting tumor has been described in 35 patients. Because the associated neoplasms have been of mesenchymal origin, it has been inferred that this tumor-induced osteomalacia syndrome is uniquely related to tumours of this derivation. However, in the present investigation we studied subjects with coincident hypophosphatemia and prostatic carcinoma to ascertain whether this endodermal malignancy causes the tumor-induced osteomalacia syndrome. The hypophosphatemic patients had renal phosphate wasting, gastrointestinal malabsorption of calcium and phosphate, and negative phosphate balance. Moreover, bone biopsies showed histomorphologic changes indicative of osteomalacia. Although widespread metastases precluded establishing the diagnosis of tumor-induced osteomalacia by resection of the tumor, a series of studied excluded alternate causes for the osteomalacia. Further, affected subjects had a normal serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, 28.0 +/- 8.3 ng/mL, and serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D levels were low, 15.0 +/- 1.0 pg/mL, characteristic of the tumor-induced osteomalacia syndrome. Thus, prostatic carcinoma, although an endodermal malignancy, may cause the tumor-induced osteomalacia syndrome.
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PMID:Hypophosphatemic osteomalacia: association with prostatic carcinoma. 740 80

We present 66 year old man with symptoms of malabsorption syndrome. The correct diagnosis of Whipple's disease was made difficult by the radiological picture of the jejunum tumor with subocclusion. It was the cause of the diagnosis of carcinoid tumor of the small intestine: the laparotomy was performed. The histological picture was typical for Whipple's disease. The skin changes seen in our patient were similar like in carcinoid syndrome, pellagra and Whipple's disease.
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PMID:[A case of Whipple's disease]. 752 Oct 49

Necrolytic migratory erythema (NME) is a cutaneous reaction pattern with specific histopathologic features that is typically associated with a functioning pancreatic islet cell neoplasm such as a glucagonoma. Three examples of NME, each associated with a different cause, are presented: glucagonoma, pancreatic insufficiency, and gluten-sensitive enteropathy. All three patients were successfully treated by surgical resection of the pancreatic tumor, total parenteral nutrition and pancreatic enzyme replacement, or a strict gluten-free diet, respectively. All remain free of skin disease more than 2 years later. Any patient with NME should be evaluated for glucagonoma and small bowel disease that may be associated with malabsorption and malnutrition.
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PMID:Necrolytic migratory erythema: a report of three cases. 829 91

We report the case of a twenty-three month old, normally eating child, affected by organic macies and severe dystrophy. After the negative response of blood and laboratory examinations let us exclude a malabsorption syndrome, only the performance of neuro-radiologic exams showed evidence of a subthalamic tumor as the cause of a "Diencephalic syndrome". Diencephalic syndrome or Russel's syndrome is a diencephalic tumor induced disease, which sets in the first three years of life. The disease clinical markers are a severe emaciation with appetite preservation and absence or very scarce evidence of any telltale neurological sign. the tumoral histo-pathology most frequently shows a low grade of malignancy astrocytoma, whose eradication is very often difficult because of the particular anatomic site. Choice treatment includes an excisional biopsy associated to chemotherapy and to radiotherapy.
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PMID:[Diencephalic syndrome. Case report and review of literature]. 830 25


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