Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Malabsorption tests were studied in 52 patients with multiple sclerosis. The stools were examined microscopically for fat and undigested meat fibers and were found to be abnormal in 41.6 and 40.9% respectively. Abnormally low five hour excretion of d-xylose was demonstrated in 26.6% cases. Malabsorption of Vitamin B12 was found in 11.9% cases. The jejunal mucosa was examined histologically and by tissue immune technic including viral studies. Histology showed normal mucosa in all except seven patients in whom an increased inflammatory infiltrate was present. Fluorescent antibody studies revealed the presence of measles virus antigen in all patients and immunofluorescent studies showed a variable degree of immune reaction in the majority of cases. The significance of these findings in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis is discussed.
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PMID:Multiple sclerosis and malabsorption. 61 12

Gastrointestinal protein loss and xylose and lactose absorption were both abnormal in underweight children with acute measles and diarrhoea. The protein loss was equivalent to a mean absolute albumin loss of 1.68 plus or minus 0.21 g/day, while the mean one-hour blood xylose level was 0.93 plus or minus 0.38 mmol/l (14.0 plus or minus 5.7 mg/100 ml) in the acute stage and 1.71 plus or minus 0.43 mmol/l (25.6 plus or minus 6.5 mg/100 ml) after recovery (P less than 0.01). Lactose intolerance was found in four children out of 17 tested. Thus faecal protein loss and malabsorption may contribute significantly to the development of malnutrition after measles.
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PMID:Protein-losing enteropathy and malabsorption in acute measles enteritis. 113 26

Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a marked negative relationship between diarrhoea and physical growth and development of a child. Each day of illness due to diarrhoea produces a weight deficit of 20-40 gms. Poor nutrition is associated with more serious prolonged diarrhoea. 'Catch-up growth' often does not occur in malnourished children. Malnutrition, particularly wasting, is a strong predictor of diarrhoeal duration and the prolonged illness could exacerbate nutritional faltering, thereby increasing the subsequent risk of death. Poor appetite, vomiting, deliberate withholding of food resulting in poor intake; malabsorption of macro and micronutrients; hastening of intestinal transit time; disturbance of metabolic and endocrine functions; and direct loss of protein and other nutrients in gastrointestinal tract are some of the known mechanisms which have an impact on the nutrition during an episode of diarrhea. In addition diarrhoea of infectious origin causes cytokine induced malnutrition which results from the actions of proinflammatory cytokines like tumour necrosis factor and interleukin 1, 6 and 8. Preexisting malnutrition is associated with decreased turnover of epithelial cells resulting in delayed recovery which may prolong an episode of infectious diarrhoea by itself as well as by promoting tissue invasion by other enteropathogens. Malnutrition may also alter protective host factors and thereby favour intestinal colonization by the pathogenic microbes. Mucosal damage varying from moderately severe changes to flat lesions indistinguishable from those of celiac disease may occur in kwashiorkar. Diarrhoea malnutrition interaction represents a dangerous web which can be distangled by prevention of disease transmission by promoting exclusive breast feeding, hygienic weaning practices, safe drinking water and handwashing, improved host defences by breast feeding, improved nutrition, measles vaccine and other vaccines against enteropathogens in the offing; and promotion of standard case management with special emphasis on nutritional support and rehabilitation.
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PMID:Diarrhoea and malnutrition interaction. 1113 59

Congenital and neonatal viral infections usually display their acute manifestations in highly recognisable ways, for example, congenital rubella, cytomegalovirus (CMV), varicella, human immunodeficiency (HIV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. By contrast, congenital hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection may go undetected for years. Some of these are preventable, but what is not immediately apparent is that the long-term consequences are being prevented as well. The long-term consequences of congenital and neonatal infections include endocrine, immunological and cardiovascular disease, deafness, visual problems, intellectual handicap and cerebral palsy. With the survival of HIV-infected infants into adulthood the long-term consequences will soon be described. Maternally and neonatally transmitted HBV infection predisposes to carriage, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in young adults. Neonatal HBV vaccination prevents adult cancer. Acquired viral infections may predispose to subsequent lung disease, malabsorption, fertility problems or neurological disability. In the prevention of acquired rubella, varicella, HBV, influenza, poliovirus, measles and hepatitis A, one should mention the added bonus of preventing secondary cases by preventing transmission from infants and children to other children and adults. Preventing paediatric HSV, HBV and HIV infection in females may even be preventing subsequent transmission to future generations. Turning to paediatric bacterial infections, vaccinating infants and young children against pertussis could not only prevent transmission to older children and adults but also break the cycle, which then transmits from adults back to infants and young children. There is evidence that disease in older age groups, including adults, has been prevented by virtue of herd immunity from paediatric vaccination, e.g. Neisseria meningitidis Group C and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The add-on benefits for other generations, including for adults, arising from the prevention of paediatric infections are considerable.
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PMID:Paediatric infections: prevention of transmission and disease--implications for adults. 1575 76