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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The malabsorption of a physiological dose of lactose (0.5 g/kg body weight) was studied in 726 healthy Chinese children, ranging in age from 3 to 18 years, using the breath hydrogen test. The prevalence of lactose malabsorption was found to increase with age; it occurred in less than 15% of preschool-age children and in approximately 45% of younger school-age and 60% of older school-age children. Approximately 70% of adolescents measured showed malabsorption. The critical period of change was from 6 to 7 years of age, with the lactose malabsorption rate rising abruptly from 12 to 43%. The incidence of lactose intolerance in teenagers and adolescents was 27 and 33%, respectively. The great majority of them had only dull abdominal pain. No case of lactose intolerance was seen in children less than 9 years of age. These results indicated that preschool Chinese children can absorb a physiological dose of lactose (equivalent to the average amount of milk consumed daily) without any adverse effects. In contrast, one half of school-age children and two thirds of adolescents were malabsorbers.
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PMID:Developmental changes of lactose malabsorption in normal Chinese children: a study using breath hydrogen test with a physiological dose of lactose. 319 71

The carbohydrate malabsorptive syndromes are frequently seen by pediatricians. The congenital deficiency states are quite rare, but adult type hypolactasia and lactose intolerance following rotavirus infection are recognized with increasing frequency by primary care physicians. Therapy for these disorders involves identification of the offending carbohydrate, removal of the carbohydrate from the diet, and exclusion of other entities that may result in carbohydrate malabsorption but not respond to its removal from the diet. Prognosis for both the primary and secondary carbohydrate malabsorption syndromes is excellent. Compliance with diets for those pediatric patients who will require lifelong therapy remains problematic.
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PMID:Disorders of carbohydrate digestion and absorption. 327 81

This study of 200 Uruguayans between 0 and 86 years old was designed to determine the prevalence of lactose malabsorption. Lactose intolerance is defined as a clinical syndrome of abdominal pain, diarrhea, flatulence, and bloating after the ingestion of a standard lactose tolerance test dose (2 g of lactose per kilogram of body weight or 50 g/m2 of body surface area, maximum 50 g in a 20% water solution). Lactose malabsorption refers to the state in which dietary lactose remains unhydrolyzed and subsequently unabsorbed from the gastrointestinal tract; symptoms may or may not result from lactose malabsorption. The technique of breath hydrogen (H2) was used after ingestion of 2 g/kg body weight to a maximum of 50 g in a 20% solution. There was no lactose malabsorption in children younger than 5 years old. The prevalence increases progressively after the age of 5, and in adolescence the percentage of malabsorption is similar to that in adults, who show 65% lactose malabsorption, with 25% asymptomatic and 40% intolerant. In 109 white adults, the prevalence of lactose malabsorption is 63%, with 24% asymptomatic and 39% intolerant. In 11 black adults, lactose malabsorption is 82%, with 27% asymptomatic and 55% intolerant. The difference between white and black adults is statistically significant (p less than 0.05). The H2 test is simple, reliable, noninvasive, and appropriate to study large populations.
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PMID:Lactose malabsorption and intolerance in Uruguayan population by breath hydrogen test (H2). 350 60

A study of regional differences in prevalence of primary adult lactose malabsorption in Italy was conducted on 205 subjects. Their origin was determined by their grandparents' birthplace, 89 from northern, 65 from central, and 51 from southern areas of Italy. Lactose malabsorption was diagnosed with standard oral lactose tolerance test and blood glucose determinations. Lactose malabsorbers showed symptoms more frequently than absorbers after the test load of lactose (p less than 0.01) they also reported milk intolerance more frequently (p less than 0.01). Prevalence of lactose malabsorption is significantly lower in the central sample (19%) than in the northern (52%) and southern (41%) samples (p less than 0.01). This finding contrasts with the hypothesis of a continuous increase in frequency of lactose malabsorption from northern to southern Europe and is probably due to the complex genetic history of the Italian population.
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PMID:Primary adult lactose malabsorption in Italy: regional differences in prevalence and relationship to lactose intolerance and milk consumption. 356 3

Two hundred children hospitalized in the National Institute of Gastroenterology were studied during the 1972-1980 period. The children, whose ages ranged between six months and ten years, presented chronic diarrhea in which Giardia lamblia was considered the causative agent. The diagnosis of parasitism was made with the detection of Giardia lamblia in the feces and/or duodenal content. A serum D-Xylose and jejunal biopsy were performed on all the patients and the histology of the mucosa was classified in keeping with the degree of atrophy according to Metayer and Laumonier. In our study we divided the patients into three groups: Group 1, parasitism due to Giardia lamblia in patients with a normal D-xylose and different degrees of atrophy of the jejunal mucosa, but with normal D-Xylose and Group 3, malabsorption due to Giardia lamblia, with a pathological D-Xylose and alterations in the intestinal mucosa. There were 35 cases in Group 1 (17.5%), 91 cases in Group 2 (45.5%) and 74 cases in Group 3 (37%). The predominant intestinal lesion was partial atrophy of the villi (143), 20 with subtotal atrophy of the villi and two with complete atrophy of the villi. It was shown that the host's response to infection by Giardia lamblia varies with differing effects on the structures and functioning of the jejunal mucosa. It is important to group patients with chronic diarrhea due to Giardia lamblia in this way since it allows for and individualized clinical approach and provides a prognosis in terms nutritional consequences resulting from possible persistence of the diarrhea and possible associated lactose intolerance.
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PMID:[A proposal for the classification of intestinal complications in giardiasis]. 357 17

Lactose malabsorption was studied by the hydrogen breath-test in 23 adults suffering from irritable bowel syndrome (group A) and in 47 healthy subjects (group B). The concentration of hydrogen in end-expired alveolar samples was measured after ingestion of 25 g of lactose. Among the 70 subjects, 6 (8.5 p. 100) were not hydrogen producers and were excluded from the study. Lactose malabsorption was shown in 51 of the remaining 64 subjects (79.6 p. 100). Among these 51 patients, 36 were healthy and 15 had an irritable bowel syndrome. The frequency of lactose malabsorption among the 43 healthy hydrogen producers was 83 p. 100. This value is similar to those observed in other studies (greek and italian). Our results suggest that lactose malabsorption is frequent among the tunisian adult population.
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PMID:[Study of malabsorption of lactose by the hydrogen breath test in a population of 70 Tunisian adults]. 365 17

Intestinal transit time of lactulose and malabsorption of lactose were measured by hydrogen excretion in breath following ingestion of 20 g lactulose or 25 g lactose. Patients were 20 recently drinking, adequately nourished, chronic, male alcoholics. Many (65%) complained of diarrhea while drinking actively. Small bowel transit was significantly shorter in alcoholics with diarrhea (62 +/- 8.6 min) than in normal controls (93 +/- 10.4 min, p less than 0.05). It increased significantly after 8-10 days abstinence, to a value of 101.5 +/- 11 min, not significantly different from normal controls. Following lactulose 75% of alcoholics developed diarrhea after 1-2 days compared with only 15% after 8-10 days of abstinence; 40% had diarrhea after lactose in the initial study, whereas no subjects had diarrhea from the same dose after a period of sobriety. These data suggest that drinking alcoholics have an increased sensitivity to osmotic loads, which is associated with diarrhea, shortened transit time, and lactose intolerance. Abnormalities disappeared 8-10 days following cessation of drinking and normal diet.
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PMID:Intestinal-transit and lactose intolerance in chronic alcoholics. 372 51

The prevalence of lactase deficiency is high in Mediterranean, Middle Eastern and Asian countries, which suggests that many immigrants and immigrant children from these regions may be unable to produce lactase. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of lactose malabsorption in primary school-aged children, in two communities with a high proportion of immigrants in metropolitan Sydney. A total of 109 children, aged five to 12 years, were studied by means of the breath hydrogen method. Forty per cent (44/109) showed lactose malabsorption, as defined by a rise in end-expiratory hydrogen levels of 20 ppm or more, two hours after loading with lactose. The prevalence was highest in the subjects of Asian origin (93%; 14/15), followed by Greek subjects (56%; 14/25) and subjects from other Mediterranean and Middle Eastern countries (41%; 15/37). Of the 77 children who were available for follow-up, 57% (44) reported symptoms of lactose intolerance, of whom nearly two-thirds were children who showed lactose malabsorption. The high prevalence of lactase deficiency in children at both schools underlines the need to consider the multiracial identity of Australians in planning educational programmes about nutrition.
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PMID:Lactase deficiency in Australian school children. 376 58

Lactose malabsorption was assessed by the hydrogen breath test in 40 Italian patients with irritable bowel syndrome and 42 controls without abdominal disturbances. Sixty-five percent of patients were "low milk consumers" (0-250 ml milk per day) compared with 38% of controls (P less than 0.02). Lactose loads of 25 and 50 g caused malabsorption in 82.5 and 87.5% patients and in 55 and 62% controls, respectively (patients vs controls P less than 0.02). Malabsorption was more frequent in the "low milk consumers" group (P less than 0.05). During a four-month lactose-free diet as the only treatment 7.5% of patients became symptom-free (and remained so for a further eight-month diet), 52.5% improved, and 40% showed no change.
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PMID:Lactose malabsorption and intolerance in Italians. Clinical implications. 380 34

The clinical and nutritional significance of radiation enteritis was assessed in eight patients with chronic diarrhea which followed curative doses of radiotherapy for pelvic malignancies. Steatorrhea, found in seven malnourished patients, was ascribed to ileal disease or previous surgery, or to bacterial contamination of the small intestine. Lactose intolerance, assessed by breath hydrogen excretion after oral lactose and by jejunal lactase levels, was found in six patients. In a subgroup of five patients, the administration of two different defined formula liquid diets by nasoduodenal infusion decreased fecal fluid and energy losses by about one-half. Compared to Vivonex-HN, the infusion of Criticare-HN was associated with greater likelihood of intestinal gas production but a three-fold greater utilization of protein. Intestinal malabsorption and malnutrition in radiation enteritis has diverse etiologies. Whereas nutritional support by liquid diet limits fecal fluid and energy losses, these diets differ significantly in clinical tolerance and biologic value.
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PMID:Clinical and nutritional implications of radiation enteritis. 391 1


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