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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The incidence rate of complications in patients, who underwent stomach resection as surgical treatment procedure is rather high (20%). Postprandial syndromes (dumping syndrome, lactose-intolerance, afferent loop-syndrome), malabsorption syndromes (anemia, osteopathia, steatorrhea, protein deficiency) and late organic manifestations (anastomotic and suture ulcers, retrograde intussusception, gastric-stump carcinoma) were usually summarized as "postgastrectomy syndrome". A review of pathogenesis, symptoms and therapeutic approach for the various postoperative disorders is given. Selective proximal vagotomy as the surgical treatment procedure of choice is emphasized.
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PMID:[Pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and treatment of the "postgastrectomy-syndrome" (author's transl)]. 3 63

Considerable disagreement exists in the literature concerning the occurrence and incidence of transient non-obstructive intussusception in adult coeliac disease. Only a few case reports have been published and several standard texts do not mention the association at all. We report six adult patients, all with coeliac disease, who demonstrated transient non-obstructive intussusception on small bowel meal examination. The technique of the small bowel meal and the radiological signs of malabsorption are briefly described. The literature is reviewed and reasons for the disagreement herein are discussed. We conclude that the incidence of finding intussusception in adult coeliac disease is related to the intensity of searching and in our series this association was seen in at least 20% of cases. It is considered to be an additional radiological sign of coeliac disease although in no case did it occur in the absence of other prominent radiological evidence of malabsorption.
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PMID:Transient small bowel intussusception in adult coeliac disease. 71 39

The complications after intestinal bypass operations in 103 massively obese subjects were recorded postoperatively for a maximum of 5 years. The surgical procedures were jejuno-ileostomy, end-to-side (op. I) in 35, and end-to-end with ileocaecostomy (op. II) in 68 cases. Wound dehiscence was the cause of the sole early postoperative death. The early complications found were those commonly seen after abdominal surgery, namely wound infection (n=24), wound dehiscence (n=5), anastomotic leak (n=2), leg thrombosis (n=2). One of the latter 2 patients probably also had pulmonary embolism. In 6 cases early intestinal obstruction occurred; 3 of them required reoperation. The late complications were divided into unspecific and specific in relation to the surgically induced malabsorption. Their incidence was analysed in 80 subjects observed for longer than 1.5 years after the operation. Unspecific late complications consisted of intestinal obstruction in 5 cases and incidional hernias in 18 cases. Intussusception was not seen. There seemed to be no increase in the incidence of gallstone disease or gastroduodenal ulcer after the operation. Specific late complications were electrolyte disturbances (ED) in 13, signs of liver injury (LI) in 9, urinary-tract calculi (UTC) in 15, and immunopathy (IM) in 19 cases. The IM group had skin rashes, arthralgia, and fever. Besides these somatic complications, a number of specific pyschictric complications were also observed (not published). Three subjects died after the operation with signs of liver insufficiency. The following factors were found to be of importance in the occurence of the specific complications ED and LI: 1. The presence of preoperative abnormalities in serum-electrolyte concentration and pathological liver tests, mainly occuring in the heavies patients. 2. Most ED and LI occurred during the period of main weight loss, in general during the first postoperative year. ED and LI did not appear after body weight had stabilised. 3. The rate of weight loss: ED and LI occurred, with a few exceptions, in the subjects with a rate of weight loss higher than 0.0130 weight-index units per week during the period of constant weight loss (see article).
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PMID:Some somatic complications after small intestinal bypass operations for obesity. Possible factors of significance in the incidence. 121 45

Three children with chronic intussusception are reported together with a review of the literature. Neither the palpation of a mass nor the passage of blood per rectum was necessary for the diagnosis. Weight loss was seen in each case and 1 child was investigated for malabsorption. In all 3 children there was a delay in diagnosis, and it is suggested that a chronic intussusception should be considered more frequently in children with persistent abdominal symptoms for which no cause can be found. Although a barium enema was helpful diagnostically, it did not result in the reduction of the intussusception. The problem of a recurrence after a reduction and its subsequent management is discussed.
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PMID:Chronic intussusception in children. 126 72

An individual who has cystic fibrosis (CF) may suffer from gastrointestinal problems related to inadequately controlled intestinal absorption secondary to the pancreatic insufficiency. These include neonatal meconium ileus, distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS), constipation and acquired megacolon, rectal prolapse and rarely pancreatitis. If the intestinal malabsorption is well controlled with an effective pancreatic enzyme preparation, DIOS, constipation and rectal prolapse are infrequent. Persisting gastrointestinal symptoms should be investigated thoroughly to exclude other disorders not directly related to the cystic fibrosis; these include cows' milk intolerance, coeliac disease, giardiasis, Crohn's disease and intra-abdominal malignancy. Both appendicitis and intussusception may cause difficult diagnostic problems particularly in patients who may also have distal ileal obstruction syndrome.
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PMID:Cystic fibrosis: gastrointestinal complications. 145 4

Significant differences exist in the prevalence of most gastroenterological emergencies in tropical compared with temperate countries. Both ethnic and environmental (often clearly defined geographically) factors are relevant. The major oesophageal lesions which can present acutely in tropical countries are varices and carcinoma; bleeding and obstruction are important sequelae. Peptic ulcer disease (and its complications), often associated (not necessarily causally) with Helicobacter pylori infection, has marked geographical variations in incidence. Emergencies involving the small intestine are dominated by severe dehydration, and its sequelae, resulting from secretory diarrhoea, most notably cholera. However, enteritis necroticans ('pig bel' disease), paralytic ileus (sometimes caused by antiperistaltic agents) and obstruction (secondary to luminal helminths, volvulus and intussusception) are other important problems, especially in infants and children. Enteric fever is occasionally complicated by perforation and haemorrhage; the former (which is notoriously difficult to manage) is accompanied by significant mortality. Ileocaecal tuberculosis is a major cause of right iliac fossa pathology--sometimes associated with malabsorption; amoeboma is an important clinical differential diagnosis. The colon can be involved in invasive Entamoeba histolytica infection (which, like complicated enteric fever, is difficult to manage if the fulminant form, with perforation, ensues), shigellosis, volvulus and intussusception. Acute colonic dilatation occasionally follows Salmonella sp., Shigella sp., Campylobacter jejuni, Yersinia enterocolitica and rarely E. histolytica infections. Acute hepatocellular failure is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the tropics and subtropics. It usually results from viral hepatitis (HBV, sometimes complicated by HDV, and HCV), but there is a long list of differential diagnoses. Hepatotoxicity resulting from herbs, chemotherapeutic agents or alcohol also occurs not infrequently. Chronic liver disease and its sequelae (often long-term results of viral hepatitis) are commonplace. Haematemesis and hepatocellular failure are usually very difficult to manage due to a lack of sophisticated support techniques in developing countries. Invasive hepatic amoebiasis usually responds well to medical management; however, spontaneous perforation can occur and the consequences of this are serious. Pyogenic liver abscess, although far less common than amoebic 'abscess', carries a bad prognosis whatever the method(s) of management. Hydatidosis and schistosomiasis also involve the liver, and helminthiases are important in the context of biliary tract disease. Gall stones are unusual in most tropical settings. Acute pancreatitis is overall unusual, but chronic calcific pancreatitis can present as an acute abdominal emergency.
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PMID:Gastroenterological emergencies in the tropics. 176 26

Primary intestinal lymphomas (PIL) include a number of interesting clinical and pathological subtypes with distinct geographic, socioeconomic and age distribution patterns. This report describes clinical and pathologic features of 37 Iraqi children with PIL seen 1965-1983. Three distinct groups were recognized: Mediterranean lymphoma, 11 patients, characterized by diffuse involvement of the proximal bowel; commonly presents with abdominal pain, diarrhea and malabsorption; Burkitt's lymphoma, 13 patients, characterized by localized tumor in the distal ileum or ileocecal region; commonly presents with intussusception, abdominal tumor and pain, and Non-Burkitt's lymphoma, 13 patients, usually occurs as localized tumors in the distal ileum; commonly presents with abdominal tumor, pain and intestinal obstruction.
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PMID:Primary intestinal lymphoma in Iraqi children. 242 21

Enteroclysis is a double contrast study of the small bowel. This procedure allows the radiologist to evaluate the small bowel for disease processes including Crohn's disease, Meckel's diverticulum, and malabsorption diseases--all disease processes sometimes missed through single contrast SBFT. Through the use of enteroclysis, the radiologist can detect mucosal fold pattern changes, ulceration of the lumen, dilation of the loops, and intussusception, which can cause an obstruction. Even though the procedure is costly and time consuming, it provides a more accurate evaluation of the small bowel.
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PMID:Enteroclysis: double contrast examination of the small bowel. 368 20

Cystic fibrosis is the most common fatal inherited disease of Caucasians. At present, cystic fibrosis accounts for most cases of chronic progressive pulmonary disease and for many other clinical features in the first three decades of life. Thus, it is a challenge to both pediatricians and internists, particularly chest physicians. The diagnosis is based on the triad of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pancreatic insufficiency, and increased levels of electrolytes in the sweat. The cardinal test for confirmation of the diagnosis is the "sweat test," which is an excellent discriminant for cystic fibrosis, even in adults. Ancillary features of cystic fibrosis may be of diagnostic assistance (eg, nasal polyposis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in sputum, azoospermia, and others). Treatment of the pulmonary disease must be emphasized. Choice of antibiotics should be based on the results of sputum culture, but P aeruginosa is the most common pathogen. Removal of secretions by regular postural drainage and percussion is an integral part of the program. Pneumothorax, massive hemoptysis, cor pulmonale, and other complications may be encountered. Sinusitis is almost universal, and nasal polyposis is frequently present. Pancreatic insufficiency occurs in over 80 percent of the patients with cystic fibrosis and may result in intestinal malabsorption. Massive salt loss through the sweat in hot weather, a distinctive type of biliary cirrhosis without jaundice, gallbladder abnormalities, cholelithiasis, and diabetes mellitus also may be found. Of special importance are intestinal obstructive complications (meconium ileus in newborn infants with cystic fibrosis and intestinal obstruction due to fecal accumulation or intussusception in adults). Azoospermia is present in 95 percent of men and there is reduced fertility in women; however, pregnancy does occur in cystic fibrosis. This chronic and ultimately fatal disease produces a predictable set of psychosocial complications.
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PMID:Diagnosis and treatment of cystic fibrosis. An update. 637 70

Short-bowel syndrome results in malabsorption and malnutrition producing profound metabolic disorders. Attempts to correct this problem with various surgical procedures have so far proved unsuccessful. Studies made in our laboratory using experimental animals, showed that a modified jejunocolic intussusception valve appears to be effective in prolonging the small-bowel transit time and the absorptive capacity of the intestines in short-bowel syndrome. Furthermore, construction of the valve is uncomplicated and unaccompanied by any mortality or morbidity.
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PMID:The role of a modified intussusception jejunocolic valve in short-bowel syndrome. 662 73


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