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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fifty cases of histologically proven intestinal tuberculosis are presented. Although intestinal tuberculosis is declining in Iraq, it is still a common condition affecting the bowel. Most of the lesions were primary and usually of bovine origin. The peak age incidence was between 30-39 years. Sexes were equally affected. The clinical presentation is usually intestinal obstruction, less commonly abdominal malignancy, malabsorption, or appendicular mass. All patients were explored and resection was carried out in 40; all were given antituberculous chemotherapy. The results are very satisfactory in the 47 patients that continued chemotherapy for over one year.
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PMID:Intestinal tuberculosis in Iraq: a study of 50 cases. 718 21

A 5-mo-old male had disabling diarrhea and malabsorption following massive small bowel resection. His transit time was 10 min. After 9 mo of conservative treatment, a 24-cm isoperistaltic segment of colon was interposed 6.5 cm from the ligament of Treitz. Transit time was increased to 105 min, and he was eventually able to be maintained on an enteric diet without significant diarrhea. Colon interposition requires little manipulation of the remaining small intestine and does not rely on active intestinal obstruction to effect an increased transit time.
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PMID:Colon interposition for the short bowel syndrome. 733 85

A study was carried out in the patients with intestinal tuberculosis and obstruction requiring surgery to determine the pathogenesis of malabsorption in this condition. Fifteen of the 20 patients studied had malabsorption, nine of 17 (53%) had intestinal bacterial overgrowth and 10 of 16 (62.6%) had free bile acids in their jejunal aspirates. In a comparable group of nontuberculus intestinal obstruction requiring surgery, six of seven (85.7%) had malabsorption, and four of five (80%) had both the bacterial overgrowth as well as bile salt deconjugation. Among a group of 10 patients with intestinal tuberculosis without significant obstruction, four were found to have malabsorption but only one had evidence of bacterial overgrowth and bile salt deconjugation. In contrast, only one of the 10 patients with extraintestinal tuberculosis and none of the 12 healthy, normal subjects had malabsorption. None had bacterial overgrowth or bile salt deconjugation in either group. Resection of the obstructing lesion corrected the malabsorption as well as the bacterial overgrowth and the bile salt deconjugation in all four patients tested with intestinal tuberculosis. Malabsorption in intestinal tuberculosis thus appears to be associated with obstruction rather than with the tuberculous process. Demonstration of bacterial overgrowth and bile salt deconjugation in the upper small intestine of patients with intestinal tuberculosis with obstruction and malabsorption indicate the presence of a stagnant loop syndrome.
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PMID:A study of malabsorption in intestinal tuberculosis: stagnant loop syndrome. 735 98

Five patients with non-specific small intestinal ulceration and malabsorption are presented. Four of these patients had subtotal villous atrophy of jejunal mucosa but none showed a morphological improvement after gluten withdrawal from the diet. Intestinal ulceration caused the complications of melaena, intestinal obstruction and perforation which resulted in the death of three patients. A review of the English literature reveals twenty-seven similar cases for which the term idiopathic chronic ulcerative enteritis is recommended. The condition is of unknown aetiology, diagnosis only being firmly established by laparotomy and histological examination of resected bowel. The relationship of this syndrome to coeliac disease, intestinal lymphoma and Crohn's disease is discussed. Management is extremely difficult and the long-term prognosis poor. Gluten withdrawal should be tried in the presence of villous atrophy but the value of steroid therapy in unresponsive cases is unproven. Surgical excision of the worst affected segments of small bowel has so far proved to be the most effective course of action.
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PMID:Idiopathic chronic ulcerative enteritis. Report of five cases and review of the literature. 743 32

Amyloidosis is a well known complication of Multiple Myeloma. Although involvement of the gastrointestinal tract is common in patients with Amyloid, severe symptoms are no frequent, nevertheless vascular deposits may produce gastrointestinal ischemia and bleeding and perforation. Injured mucosae of the intestinal well may produce malabsorption and the neuromuscular infiltration determine alterations of gastrointestinal motility. Although renal and cardiac disfunction is the most frequently cause of death in these patients, intestinal pseudo-obstruction bears a serious prognosis. We present a case of a patients who was operated because of a presumptive diagnosis of intestinal obstruction, which small bowel was infiltrated with Amyloid and which bone marrow demonstrated multiple myeloma.
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PMID:[Amyloid intestinal pseudo-obstruction as initial manifestation of IgA multiple myeloma]. 754 45

This study describes small bowel push enteroscopy in routine clinical practice, using a purpose designed instrument (Olympus SIF-10). Fifty six patients had a total of 60 procedures over a two and a half year period. The median (range) depth of small intestine intubated was 45 (15-90) cm. Procedure time varied from 10-45 minutes. Most enteroscopies were performed during routine gastroscopy lists. The technique was comparatively easy for experienced endoscopists to learn. Forty two procedures were for diagnostic purposes. Eleven patients had gastrointestinal bleeding where the source was obscure, or where early investigations had suggested a small bowel source: a specific diagnosis was made in 45% of these cases. Of seven iron deficient anaemic patients using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), only one had a lesion detected in the upper small bowel. Nine patients had abnormal small bowel barium studies. Small bowel abnormalities were seen in six cases and were definitively diagnostic in three of these; in three patients the barium study appearances were confirmed as artefact. Fifteen patients were investigated for abdominal symptoms suggesting small bowel obstruction or malabsorption: a diagnosis was made in five cases. Fifteen patients underwent enteroscopy for therapeutic purposes, including successful treatment of difficult enteral feeding problems by nasojejunal tubes or by cutaneous endoscopic jejunostomies, polypectomy for Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, and dilatation of strictures. Additionally, bleeding lesions detected in patients during investigation of anaemia were successfully treated at the time by YAG laser or bipolar diathermy. In conclusion, push enteroscopy is a practical and valuable clinical service, which should probably become available on a subregional basis.
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PMID:Diagnostic and therapeutic push type enteroscopy in clinical use. 759 Apr 29

Pancreatic enzyme extracts have been used for several decades to decrease maldigestion of macro- and micronutrients due to pancreatic insufficiency and to alleviate various abdominal symptoms, including the pain of alcohol-induced chronic pancreatitis and distal intestinal obstruction. Decreasing nutrient maldigestion and malabsorption in pancreatic insufficiency is of additional critical importance because improvement in nutritional status reduces morbidity and mortality. For example, pancreatic sufficient patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) demonstrate a slower decline in pulmonary function. In spite of the recognized importance of pancreatic enzymes, several problems exist with current preparations, and as newer enzyme preparations are marketed, proper evaluation becomes critical. There is a clear need to optimize the constituents of enzyme preparations, improve manufacturing processes, and find better sources of enzymes. Other issues that need addressing include standardization of the ratios of enzymes (lipase, amylase, protease) in these products; the stability of the enzymes at room temperature; the shelf life of the finished product; whether there are significant batch-to-batch differences; and the need for a USP reference standard.
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PMID:Enzyme therapy for pancreatic insufficiency: present status and future needs. 810 63

Duodenal diverticulosis is not a rare condition. Usually of little clinical significance, it can produce a variety of disorders such as malabsorption, hemorrhage, diverticulitis, and obstruction. The rarest complication appears to be enterolith formation and obstruction. The case presented is a 70-year-old woman with the chief complaints of intermittent abdominal pain and vomiting. At laparotomy, duodenal diverticulitis and one enterolith obstructing the distal ileum were found. The literature review presents the other 26 cases with small bowel obstruction due to an enterolith formed within a small bowel diverticulum. The diagnosis can be established only by documenting the normalcy of the gallbladder and the presence of duodenal or jejunal diverticula.
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PMID:Enterolith ileus as a complication of duodenal diverticulosis--one case report and review of the literature. 823 Mar 70

Chronic small bowel obstruction may be related either to disordered motility or to progressive chronic stenoses. Disordered motility (or intestinal pseudo-obstruction) is the consequence for muscular and/or intrinsic nerve impairment with 2 main types, one of which is primary (including so-called visceral myopathies and visceral neuropathies), the other one being secondary (generally due to systemic, or sometimes immunologic disease). Chronic stenoses have a different pathophysiology and occur in the setting of chronic inflammatory bowel disease or of systemic diseases such as vasculities. Chronic stenoses lead to intestinal stasis and in fine to mechanical obstruction. In any case, chronic obstruction poses difficult diagnostic and therapeutic problems. Management calls for tight medico-surgical cooperation. Atypical surgical operations may be warranted, and specific, sometimes aggressive medical care is mandatory. Moreover the nutritional consequences of chronic small bowel obstruction may become highly disabling due to alimentary restriction, disordered transit, bacterial overgrowth and malabsorption. In this setting nutritional support should be a matter of prime concern.
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PMID:[Chronic small intestine obstructions]. 834 44

A 17-month-old baby had symptoms of malabsorption and partial intestinal obstruction. These were found to be caused by obliteration of the jejunum by solitary intestinal fibromatosis. Solitary intestinal fibromatosis, which may imitate malabsorptive diseases of the intestine, is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction in the neonatal period and infancy. Diagnostic aids and differential diagnosis of this rare disease are discussed, and previously reported cases are reviewed.
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PMID:Solitary intestinal fibromatosis mimicking malabsorption syndromes. 1099 17


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