Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

All adult cases of primary intestinal lymphoma seen during the years 1953--77 at Groote Schuur Hospital, South Africa, were reviewed. Seventy percent of patients with solitary lymphoma and 80% with immunoproliferative small intestinal disease were mulatto. Patients in the latter group presented with malabsorption and those with a solitary lymphoma presented with intestinal obstruction. Four of 15 patients tested for the presence of alpha-heavy-chains were found to have alpha-heavy-chain disease. Family studies of potential genetic and immunologic factors showed some significant differences in IgA and IgG levels in the families of two patients with alpha-heavy-chain disease. Elevated alkaline phosphatase of intestinal origin was found in four of six patients with immunoproliferative small intestinal disease and in a high proportion of relatives. Fifty percent of the six patients were of blood group B. Minor blood groups, ABH secretor state and Pi phenotype distribution were similar to those of the control subjects. HLA gene frequency was particularly increased in the HLA-A9 antigen. These studies suggest that genetic factors may be relevant to the pathogenesis of immunoproliferative small intestinal disease.
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PMID:Primary intestinal lymphoma in South Africa. 10 20

Five cases presenting in late infancy and childhood with symptoms and signs referable to malrotation of the midgut are described. The condition may present with jaundice, malabsorption or the signs and symptoms of intestinal obstruction due to internal hernia or volvulus. It may also result in volvulus and gangrene of the midgut. A short root of the mesentery predisposing to this event will be seen on a barium meal and follow through examination and will warn of its impending occurrence.
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PMID:The misplaced caecum and the root of the mesentery. 65 37

The clinical and histopathologic features in seven patients with intestinal lymphoma are reported. Three of these presented with ulcerative jejunitis and four with overt lymphomas. A short history of abdominal pain with weight loss followed by intestinal obstruction, hemorrhage, or perforation characterized all the patients except one in whom a nine year history of malabsorption preceded the acute phase of the disease. Malabsorption was demonstrated in four of the patients, and all showed villous atrophy with crypt hyperplasia of the jejunum remote from areas of ulceration or frank lymphoma. The malignant lymphoma cells showed varying degrees of pleomorphism and exhibited phagocytosis of platelets, red cells, and cell debris. The accompanying infiltrate of inflammatory cells often overshadowed the neoplastic histiocytes, and in those cases showing little pleomorphism these cells could be easily overlooked. In the intestine the tumor cells were usually present as a diffuse infiltrate in the lamina propria or within the bases of ulcers and in five of seven cases did not give rise to macroscopic tumor masses. In all patients dissemination of tumor cells to the lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and bone marrow was evident, the infiltrate in all these organs resembling that seen in malignant histiocytosis. The morphology of the tumor cells, their phagocytic nature, the diffuse character of the tumor infiltrate, and the pattern of dissemination suggest that this lesion should be designated malignant histiocytosis of the intestine rather than histiocytic lymphoma (reticulum cell sarcoma). It is suggested that the tumor may arise from cells of monocyte-histiocyte lineage normally present in the lamina propria of the gut and that a prolonged cryptic phase accompanied, and often overshadowed, by an inflammatory reaction may give rise to malabsorption and ulcerative jejunitis before overt lymphoma is manifest.
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PMID:Malignant histiocytosis of the intestine. Its relationship to malabsorption and ulcerative jejunitis. 73 Jan 48

Forty-five patients (25 male and 20 female) over 12 years of age with cystic fibrosis have been studied clinically, radiologically and physiologically. Their mean age at the first visit was 17 years; they were followed for a mean period of 4 years and attended at least every six months. The first symptom which developed before the age of five in 42 of the 45 patients was respiratory. Thirty-two of the 45 patients had severe lung disease (Group III) at the start of the study of the seven patients died during the study. Cough and sputum were almost universal, 23 had haemoptyses and eight pneumothoraces. Staphylococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the common pathogens isolated from sputum and the increasing prevalence of the latter was again confirmed. Acquisition of the mucoid strain of pseudomonas signified poor prognosis. Established infection was never eradicated. Forty-three patients had evidence of pancreatic insufficiency; in all but one patient the symptoms were mild and five patients abandoned dietary restriction and pancreatin without ill effect. Seven patients had symptoms of partial bowel obstruction (meconium ileus equivalent) but only one required surgical relief. The liver was enlarged in seven patients and the spleen was felt in three. Three patients had diabetes mellitus. The influence of cystic fibrosis on growth and development is reported--the growth spurt is late in the majority but growth failure is not confined to those with severe lung infection or malabsorption and in these circumstances remains unexplained. Mean weight was low in relation to height and puberty was delayed in both sexes.
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PMID:Cystic fibrosis in adolescents and adults. 82 Oct 91

A 48-year-old man with previously diagnosed scleroderma with bowel involvement was admitted to hospital with severe malnutrition attributed to malabsorption. Shortly after this, he developed features of intestinal obstruction followed by paralytic ileus. Due to failure to respond to medical treatment, operation was carried out. On two occasions adhesions were divided, but the bowel failed to function. At a third operation the proximal half of the small bowel below the duodeno-jejunal flexure was excised. Following this the patient made a good recovery. Small bowel involvement in scleroderma is discussed. Malabsorption is probably related to bacterial proliferaiton in the small bowel secondary to stasis and may be helped by antibiotic drugs. Other disturbances resulting in inability of the bowel to propel its contents may comprise syndromes of obstruction and paralytic ileus. Although management of scleroderma bowel involvement is usually medical, surgical treatment may be indicated under certain circumstances. It may be life-saving.
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PMID:Scleroderma (progressive systemic sclerosis) with severe bowel involvement. Treatment by extensive resection of the small intestine. 107 79

A patient with a thirty-year history of celiac disease, developed malabsorption and ultimately intestinal obstruction. He failed to respond to a strict gluten-free diet, steroids, and antibiotics. Postmorten examination revealed primary adenocarcinoma of the small bowel. The relationship between adenocarcinoma of the jejunum and celiac disease is reviewed.
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PMID:Adenocarcinoma of the jejunum associated with nontropical sprue. 115 20

The complications after intestinal bypass operations in 103 massively obese subjects were recorded postoperatively for a maximum of 5 years. The surgical procedures were jejuno-ileostomy, end-to-side (op. I) in 35, and end-to-end with ileocaecostomy (op. II) in 68 cases. Wound dehiscence was the cause of the sole early postoperative death. The early complications found were those commonly seen after abdominal surgery, namely wound infection (n=24), wound dehiscence (n=5), anastomotic leak (n=2), leg thrombosis (n=2). One of the latter 2 patients probably also had pulmonary embolism. In 6 cases early intestinal obstruction occurred; 3 of them required reoperation. The late complications were divided into unspecific and specific in relation to the surgically induced malabsorption. Their incidence was analysed in 80 subjects observed for longer than 1.5 years after the operation. Unspecific late complications consisted of intestinal obstruction in 5 cases and incidional hernias in 18 cases. Intussusception was not seen. There seemed to be no increase in the incidence of gallstone disease or gastroduodenal ulcer after the operation. Specific late complications were electrolyte disturbances (ED) in 13, signs of liver injury (LI) in 9, urinary-tract calculi (UTC) in 15, and immunopathy (IM) in 19 cases. The IM group had skin rashes, arthralgia, and fever. Besides these somatic complications, a number of specific pyschictric complications were also observed (not published). Three subjects died after the operation with signs of liver insufficiency. The following factors were found to be of importance in the occurence of the specific complications ED and LI: 1. The presence of preoperative abnormalities in serum-electrolyte concentration and pathological liver tests, mainly occuring in the heavies patients. 2. Most ED and LI occurred during the period of main weight loss, in general during the first postoperative year. ED and LI did not appear after body weight had stabilised. 3. The rate of weight loss: ED and LI occurred, with a few exceptions, in the subjects with a rate of weight loss higher than 0.0130 weight-index units per week during the period of constant weight loss (see article).
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PMID:Some somatic complications after small intestinal bypass operations for obesity. Possible factors of significance in the incidence. 121 45

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most frequent inheritable disease with a lethal course. One of the major problems of the disease is malabsorption and malnutrition, due to pancreatic insufficiency which is already present at birth in more than 85% of the patients. Characteristically the mucoid secretion products of the epithelial tissues in lung, pancreas, liver and intestine have a high viscosity. The pathophysiology is characterized by obstruction of these organs with secondary damage and finally destruction. For a long period intestinal obstruction syndromes in CF were ascribed only to the pancreatic insufficiency. Malabsorption is not only caused by enzyme deficiency but is also related to transport processes to the surface of the enterocytes. This indicates that the intestinal disorders in CF are partly the result of mucoid plugging and not only of pancreatic insufficiency. Recently in vitro studies have shown a blockade of secretion through chloride channels in the mucosal membrane of CF tissues. In vivo measurements of chloride fluxes in the rectum showed a disturbed regulation in CF patients. The high viscosity of the mucus and plugging is directly related to the diminished chloride secretion. So it is postulated that the abnormal chloride secretion is responsible for the intestinal obstruction and partially also for the malabsorption.
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PMID:Relationship between intestinal function and chloride secretion in patients with cystic fibrosis. 128 10

A retrospective analysis was made of the diagnostic period of Crohn's disease as well as of x-ray and endoscopic signs in 28 patients. Three forms of the disease were distinguished: acute (pseudoappendicular), stenosing with chronic intestinal obstruction syndrome and primary chronic characterized by the triad (pains in the stomach, diarrhea, fever) or by the syndrome of malabsorption with extraintestinal manifestations. In the stenosing and primary chronic forms of Crohn's disease, a correct diagnosis was established in the majority of the patients 3-5 years after appearance of the symptoms. To improve early diagnosis of Crohn's disease, it is recommended that indications for x-ray and endoscopic examinations be extended. These examinations are indicated in all the patients with recurrent pains in the right iliac area, fever of obscure genesis and chronic diarrhea.
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PMID:[Crohn's disease. The problem of early diagnosis]. 144 Mar 17

An individual who has cystic fibrosis (CF) may suffer from gastrointestinal problems related to inadequately controlled intestinal absorption secondary to the pancreatic insufficiency. These include neonatal meconium ileus, distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS), constipation and acquired megacolon, rectal prolapse and rarely pancreatitis. If the intestinal malabsorption is well controlled with an effective pancreatic enzyme preparation, DIOS, constipation and rectal prolapse are infrequent. Persisting gastrointestinal symptoms should be investigated thoroughly to exclude other disorders not directly related to the cystic fibrosis; these include cows' milk intolerance, coeliac disease, giardiasis, Crohn's disease and intra-abdominal malignancy. Both appendicitis and intussusception may cause difficult diagnostic problems particularly in patients who may also have distal ileal obstruction syndrome.
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PMID:Cystic fibrosis: gastrointestinal complications. 145 4


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