Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We evaluated the total plasma bile acids, total lipids, total cholesterol, total triglicerides, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, phospholipids and lipoproteins (APOA-A and APO-B) in 25 patients with inflammatory bowel disease: 20 with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 5 with Crohn's disease. In comparison to 17 healthy volunteers, the total plasma bile acids were decreased in all patients. The serum level of total cholesterol, LDL-Ch, HDL-ch and APO-A was significantly lower in patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (p less than 0.01) than in normal controls; total triglycerides and APO-B were decreased only in the group with Crohn's disease (p less than 0.05). Thus, decreased values of total plasma bile acids malabsorption, and they suggest a more important romalabsortion, and they suggest a more important role of the colon in the preservation of bile acids.
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PMID:[Lipids and total bile acids in the blood of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases]. 221 31

Diarrhea is one manifestation of GI disturbance. Symptoms may be acute if caused by such things as infections, drug reactions, alterations in diet, heavy metal poisoning, or fecal impaction. Chronic diarrhea is a symptom of GI diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome, lactase deficiency, cancer of the colon, inflammatory bowel disease, and malabsorption diseases. Chronic diarrhea may also be associated with GI surgery, radiation therapy, laxative abuse, alcohol abuse, and chemotherapeutic agents. When interventions are required to deal with diarrhea, they may include such things as alteration in tube feeding products and methods of administration, fluid replacement by oral rehydration procedures, a rapid return to feeding, and education aimed at the health information clients need to prevent or control the symptom of diarrhea.
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PMID:Diarrhea. 223 42

Nutritional support, whether enteral or parenteral, is an important part of the treatment of IBD. Inadequate oral intake, malabsorption, and increased gastrointestinal losses all contribute to malnutrition. Weight loss, cachexia, abnormal body composition, and multiple micronutrient deficiencies are common. Acute repletion of body weight and correction of specific nutrient deficiencies improve the patients' sense of well-being and decrease morbidity, especially in the perioperative period. If a short period of bowel rest (10 to 14 days) is part of the medical therapy of acute exacerbations of IBD, TPN should be administered to prevent further nutritional deficiencies. Chronic undernutrition, and growth failure in children, usually are best treated by intensive enteral supplementation. Prolonged bowel rest and TPN (4 to 6 weeks) have not been shown to improve outcome but may be appropriate in carefully selected patients. Long-term home TPN may be necessary for patients who have short gut syndrome. The mainstay of treatment for IBD is medical therapy including corticosteroids. Timely and appropriate surgery is equally important and should not be considered a last resort. Careful nutritional management is essential but is adjunctive rather than primary therapy.
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PMID:Nutrition and inflammatory bowel disease. 250 55

Many patients who present with acute or chronic diarrhea do not have an important organic disease. Most have functional diarrhea. The history, clinical examination, and initial laboratory studies should lead to a provisional diagnosis with respect to organic or functional origin and help define whether the disease affects the small or large intestine. Specific studies are then obtained to define organic causes. The most common causes of acute diarrhea are infections and drugs, while the most common causes of chronic diarrhea are inflammatory bowel disease, malabsorption, parasitic infections, carcinoma of the large bowel, and metabolic diseases. Clinicians should remember that patients with functional diarrhea are as prone to other severe disease as the rest of the population and avoid allowing the functional problem to mask other signs.
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PMID:Diagnosis and therapy of acute and chronic diarrhea. 231 56

Epidemiological data indicate that exogenous noxes are important in the etiology of nonspecific inflammatory bowel disease. In several studies the influence of nutritional factors in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease was investigated. The conflicting results, the inappropriate methods of investigation, the limited number of patients, and differences between patients and controls in many of these studies require a careful interpretation. Evidence for an etiological significance of nutrition in the development of Crohn's disease is still missing. Therefore, a specific diet for these patients does not exist. The physician should recommend a balanced diet which considers the needs in energy supply, corrects preexisting deficiencies, and is adapted to subjective intolerances and to disease related complications such as malabsorption or partial intestinal obstruction.
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PMID:[Nutrition and Crohn disease--an etiologic factor?]. 268 38

From 1980-1986 intestinal mucosal lymphangiectasia was diagnosed histologically in eight patients (6 weeks to 16 years; four males/four females; seven white). The presenting features were diarrhea (six/eight), vomiting (four/eight), and growth deficit (seven/eight). Additional conditions in these patients included asthma, urinary tract infection, esophageal atresia, hydrops fetalis, inflammatory bowel disease, malabsorption syndrome, and thymic hypoplasia. Hypoalbuminemia and edema (four/eight) were more prominent in those patients under 5 years of age. Two had systemic lymphangiectasia and lymphopenia. The patients responded variably to hyperalimentation and dietary supplements, depending on the extent of their lymphangiectasia and the age at onset of symptoms. Dilated lymphatics were seen in the small intestinal mucosa under the surface epithelium. Lesions were often focal, requiring several biopsies or serial sections for detection. Other common findings were mild to moderate lymphoplasmacytic inflammation and mild to moderate villous injury with blunting and edema. Mild inflammation without lymphangiectasia was also present in esophageal, gastric, or colonic biopsies. Diagnosis should be made on the basis of endoscopic findings or in small-intestinal inflammatory conditions even in the absence of a classic clinical picture. Histologic confirmation may require more than one serially sectioned biopsy. This study confirms the diversity of disorders that may be associated with intestinal lymphangiectasia and shows that the disease in infants is more severe and generalized.
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PMID:Intestinal lymphangiectasia in children: a study of upper gastrointestinal endoscopic biopsies. 274 90

We report a case of the brown bowel syndrome presenting as major dilatation of the colon which resembled 'toxic dilatation' and necessitated subtotal colectomy. We confirm the reported association between the brown bowel syndrome, malabsorption, and hypovitaminosis E. Furthermore we document failure of the brown pigmentation to resolve after six months in spite of vitamin E supplements and correction of the malabsorption. Finally we suggest that, although the brown bowel syndrome is rare, it should be considered in cases of major colonic dilatation where the patient is or may be suffering from a malabsorption syndrome, and where the sigmoidoscopic appearances do not suggest severe inflammatory bowel disease.
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PMID:Brown bowel syndrome: an unusual cause of massive dilatation of the colon. 275 13

A 24-year-old man with agammaglobulinemia developed a form of chronic inflammatory bowel disease over the past 18 years characterized by recurrent diarrhea, malabsorption, and protein-losing enteropathy. In the most recent admission he presented with abdominal cramps and active intestinal bleeding. Radiologic studies showed distal ileal irregularities and strictures that led to two distal intestinal and ileocecal resections. The gross pathologic appearance of these specimens was consistent with regional enteritis. Microscopically, healing ulcers, mucosal irregularities, and a prominent lymphocytic infiltrate without plasma cells or granulomas were observed. Immunocytochemical studies revealed a prominent T-helper cell and a modest T-suppressor/cytotoxic lymphocyte population in the lamina propria. Early and late B-cell differentiation markers were not detected in any of the cells. The immunocytologic findings suggest that T-helper lymphocytes proliferated without inhibition to stimulate non-existent B cells. The study confirms the occurrence of a regional enteropathy-like lesion in the total absence of B-cell function.
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PMID:Regional enteritis-like enteropathy in a patient with agammaglobulinemia: histologic and immunocytologic studies. 296 59

In patients with chronic gastro-intestinal disease, deciding whether or not to provide nutritional support is difficult. The aim of the present study was to develop an objective index to help clinicians to decide which patients should be treated with nutritional support. Two hundred and two patients were studied prospectively. Seventy-one had an inflammatory bowel disease, 51, a malabsorption syndrome, 59, an esophagogastric disorder, and 21, a pancreatic disease. On admission, nutritional status was assessed by anthropometric and biological measurements, and spontaneous oral caloric intake. Clinical assessment of the nutritional condition was performed by an independent observer. Using discriminant analysis, collected data were correlated to the therapeutic outcome of the patient during the 15 days after admission, i. e. whether or not they received nutritional support. Clinical global assessment proved to be the most discriminant variable: 83 p. 100 of the patients were correctly classified. This variable was deleted from further analysis to obtain an objective index, calculated with four variables: mid-arm muscle circumference, body weight, serum albumin, and caloric oral intake expressed as kcal X IBW kg-1 X day-1. The index classified correctly 84 p. 100 of the patients. This study demonstrates that subjective clinical assessment is the best variable to decide whether or not a gastrointestinal patient should receive nutritional support. We suggest that this index might be of help in these situations.
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PMID:[Aid to decision for nutritional support in chronic digestive diseases]. 310 62

Mg deficiency is a frequent complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) demonstrated in 13-88% of patients. Decreased oral intake, malabsorption and increased intestinal losses are the major causes of Mg deficiency. The complications of Mg deficiency include: cramps, bone pain, delirium, acute crises of tetany, fatigue, depression, cardiac abnormalities, urolithiasis, impaired healing and colonic motility disorders. Serum Mg is an insensitive index of Mg status in IBD. Twenty-four-hour urinary excretion of Mg is a sensitive index and should be monitored periodically. Parenteral Mg requirements in patients with IBD are at least 120 mg/day or more depending upon fecal or stomal losses. Oral requirements may be as great as 700 mg/day depending on the severity of malabsorption.
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PMID:Magnesium and inflammatory bowel disease. 329 19


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