Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A malignant lymphoma of the small bowel developed in a 75-year-old woman who had severe late-onset hypogammaglobulinemia with intestinal malabsorption and nodular lymphoid hyperplasia. The tumor arose in the midst of the abnormal lymphoid follicles and appeared to be of B-immunoblastic type. Immunoperoxidase staining, however, failed to reveal immunoglobulins in the tumor cells. In vitro immunologic studies showed that immunoglobulin production by the patient's peripheral lymphocytes had decreased and that this decrease was mediated by hydrocortisone-sensitive suppressor cells. These findings suggest that nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of the intestine in the context of severe immunodeficiency is a premalignant condition.
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PMID:Immunoblastic lymphoma of small intestine complicating late-onset immunodeficiency. 689 59

Two 6-month-old male infants with diarrhea, malabsorption, and hypoproteinemia, who were initially diagnosed as having combined immunodeficiency syndrome, recovered with intensive plasma therapy. Prior to the onset of diarrhea, they had normal serum protein and lymphocyte values. Immunologic features of combined immunodeficiency included lymphopenia, diminished B and T cells, cutaneous anergy, low immunoglobulin levels, and poor lymphocyte proliferative responses in vitro. Prior to therapy, both children had rectal ulcerations by proctosigmoidoscopy, colitis by rectal biopsy, and moderate to severe intestinal villus abnormalities by small bowel biopsy; plasma cells were absent Both had generalized malabsorption of all nutrients. Both infants were given irradiated fresh-frozen plasma for one to two months at 11 to 20 ml/kg/day to replace intestinal protein losses. During this time, diarrhea slowed, biopsy morphology improved, and immunoglobulin levels and T-cell function became normal. After discontinuance of plasma therapy, normal immune function and a normal stool pattern with reversal of malabsorption continued. Since intensive plasma therapy may have contributed to the reversal of the immunodeficiency state, a trial of such therapy is recommended in similar patients.
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PMID:Reversal of enterocolitis-associated combined immunodeficiency by plasma therapy. 698 21

Coccidia were found in a patient suffering from malabsorption syndrome. In addition, immunologic investigation showed combined humoral and cellular immunodeficiency. Treatment with metronidazole induced the disappearance of coccidia from the stool and clinical remission. Six months later, the patient was seen with acute lymphoproliferative disease and died thereafter. The possible relationship between malabsorption, immunodeficiency, coccidiosis, metronidazole, and malignancy is reviewed.
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PMID:Malabsorption syndrome, coccidiosis, combined immune deficiency, and fulminant lymphoproliferative disease. 705 25

It has been established that considerable blast-transformation and mitotic activity occurs among epithelial lymphocytes of untreated coeliac mucosa. This paper is concerned solely with the proliferative activity of epithelial lymphocytes (expressed as percentage "mitotic index") in the prospective diagnosis of coeliac disease, in comparison with other conditions such as lymphoma. Crohn's disease and immunodeficiency which are often associated with malabsorption and flattening of jejunal mucosa. The results demonstrate that a high mitotic index (greater than 0.2%) clearly distinguishes, and hence predicts, gluten-associated enteropathies (including dermatitis herpetiformis and malignant histiocytosis) from others in which gluten plays no aetiological role and where the mitotic index differs insignificantly from normal control mucosae (much less than 0.2%). Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that the mitotic index is raised in so-called "non-responsive coeliacs," thus suggesting that such patients may also be gluten-sensitive despite their subsequent failure to respond morphologically to dietary gluten restriction.
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PMID:Studies of intestinal lymphoid tissue. IV--The predictive value of raised mitotic indices among jejunal epithelial lymphocytes in the diagnosis of gluten-sensitive enteropathy. 708 95

Instability of the centromeric regions of chromosomes 1, 9, and 16 in cultured lymphocytes of an 8-month-old girl with malabsorption and combined immunodeficiency is reported. Together with the two previous reports on this condition, the present report seems to confirm the specific association of combined immunodeficiency and centromeric instability of chromosomes 1, 9, and 16 with multibranching.
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PMID:Centromeric instability of chromosomes 1, 9, and 16 associated with combined immunodeficiency. 726 65

Jejunal mucosa biopsies from non-immune deficient patients with Giardia lamblia infestation were examined and showed three different groups of mucosal changes, distinguishable on morphological and immunohistochemical grounds. In three patients no morphological or immunohistochemical abnormalities were found (group A). In five patients a normal villous architecture was seen. These biopsies had increased numbers of interepithelial lymphocytes and of immunoglobulin containing cells in the lamina propria, with a relative increase of the number of IgA and IgG containing cells (group B). Two patients with a malabsorption syndrome due to giardiasis had marked villous atrophy, documented by morphometric measurements and large numbers of interepithelial lymphocytes and of immunoglobulin containing cells in the lamina propria, especially IgA and IgG (group C). These findings differ considerably from those in patients with immunodeficiency or gluten sensitive enteropathy. This suggests that when villous atrophy of the jejunal mucosa is found immunohistochemistry of jejunal biopsy specimens may be helpful in the differential diagnosis between mere giardiasis and giardiasis superimposed on immunodeficiency or gluten sensitive enteropathy.
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PMID:Quantitative histological and immunohistochemical findings in jejunal biopsy specimens in giardiasis. 729 76

A 35-year-old German woman presented after a three month journey to Sudan with intermittent, persistent watery diarrhea. Stool examination identified Giardia lamblia. The patient was unsuccessfully orally treated with metronidazol 250 mg three times a day for seven days and tinidazol 2 g as single dose. During a two week hospitalization we observed a total villous atrophy in a duodenal biopsy specimen in absence of celiac sprue or a immunodeficiency syndrome. We treated with metronidazol 500 mg three times a day intravenously and discharged the patient in good condition. This case report shows the variability of clinical presentation of infection with Giardia lamblia. Moreover, we demonstrate rarely found histological changes as reason for clinical presentation, unsuccessful oral treatment and malabsorption. The intravenous therapy lead to a permanent eradication of Giardia lamblia.
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PMID:[Long-term damage to duodenal mucosa in malabsorption syndrome as a sequela of Giardia lamblia infection]. 775 49

The microsporidia Enterocytozoon bieneusi is reported in 10-30% of those infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. The parasite appears to be a cause of gastralgia, malabsorption, and diarrhea. A Western blot technique using another microsporidian species, Glugea atherinae, has demonstrated an antigenic similarity between this parasite and E. bieneusi. Preliminary results show the variability of the antigenic profiles obtained from the sera of immunodeficient patients infected with E. bieneusi and also of the cross-reactivity to Glugea sp. antigens of some sera from patients with cryptosporidiosis. The origin of this cross-reactivity is undetermined. The possibility of coinfection with undetected microsporidia is not excluded. These results raise questions concerning the interpretation of serologic data and of the potential immunodiagnostic value of microsporidian antigens.
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PMID:Use of cross-reactive antigens of the microsporidian Glugea atherinae for the possible detection of Enterocytozoon bieneusi by western blot. 785 32

The immune system is impaired by either malnutrition or human immunodeficiency virus infection. When these occur together, their compounding effects promote altered metabolism, inadequate intake, and malabsorption, which further impair immune function and contribute to human immunodeficiency virus wasting. Careful dietary management can help meet nutritional needs without further compromising the immune status of the person living with acquired immune deficiency syndrome.
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PMID:AIDS and malnutrition: dual assaults on the body. 786 Mar 43

Lipid accumulation has been described in the duodenal lamina propria of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with diarrhea and malabsorption. Using light and electron microscopy, we studied duodenal biopsies obtained from 54 consecutive HIV-infected patients by means of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy after an overnight fast. The presence of diarrhea and weight loss were recorded, and all the patients had standard stool study for ova, parasites, and bacteria. Serum levels of albumin, triglycerides, and cholesterol were obtained within one week of the endoscopy. Fecal fat and fecal alpha 1-antitrypsin clearance were measured in 11 patients. Lipid accumulation was observed in nine patients (16.6%). Fat droplets were seen in enterocytes, in their basolateral membrane spaces, and in the lamina propria. The mean serum levels of triglycerides (1.85 +/- 0.20 mmol/liter) and cholesterol (2.81 +/- 0.30 mmol/liter) were significantly lower in the patients with enteric steatosis than in patients without this anomaly (respectively, 3.38 +/- 0.39 and 3.97 +/- 0.18 mmol/liter, P < 0.001 P < 0.01). The mean amount of fecal fat in the three patients with lipid accumulation (16 +/- 1.60 g/24 hr) was significantly larger than in the eight patients without lipid accumulation (4.50 +/- 0.62 g/24 hr, P < 0.01). These findings suggest that fat malabsorption in HIV-infected individuals is due to a blockage of transport through the duodenal mucosa. The frequency of diarrhea, weight loss, or identified enteric pathogens did not differ significantly between patients with and without enteric steatosis. Both the etiology and the pathophysiology of these alterations remain to be documented.
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PMID:Association of lipid accumulation in small intestinal mucosa with decreased serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels in AIDS. 792 37


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