Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In genetically predisposed individuals, celiac disease (CD) is permanent intolerance to gluten. Besides the overt enteropathy, there are clinical and subclinical forms which appear later in life; target organs include liver, thyroid, skin and reproductive systems. CD interference is related to the different concurrent genetic-environmental factors, showing multifactorial nature. CD induces malabsorption with consequent deficiencies of micronutrients essential for organogenesis, spermatogenesis and bone structure, such as vitamin D and calcium. In fact, among extraintestinal manifestations of CD, osteoporosis deserves attention because it can be a sign of silent CD. In celiac patients' serum, cytochinic imbalance related to bone loss is present; in vitro these sera act on the osteoblastic activity. The IL-1b is also present in celiac patients' relatives, confirming the genetic predisposition to its etiopathogenesis which is also regulated by endocrine-environmental factors. In females, CD acts indirectly on the bone, determining early menopause and amenorrhea. Even frequent pregnancies and long periods of lactation can bring to bone loss; in such periods, silent CD can appear, suggesting the presence of endocrine-immunology factors. In celiac males, osteoporosis presence, besides calcium and vitamin D deficiencies, is associated to growth hormone deficit and hypogonadism, which is related to hyperprolactinemia, endocrine factors which affect the reproduction. Osteoporosis is relevant among the elderly and vitamin D and calcium supplementations are important to people diagnosed with CD later in life. Thus, to prevent damages such as osteoporosis, early CD screening among people with reproductive problems is necessary.
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PMID:[Reproduction, endocrine disorders and celiac disease: risk factors of osteoporosis]. 1676 Aug 57

In systemic sclerosis, the frequency of thyroid derangements (clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism) is 43 and 73% respectively; in its pathogenesis participate structural, autoimmune and genetic mechanisms. It is important to run thyroid function test and to investigate the manifestation of clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism and to initiate treatment with levothyroxine. The frequency of hyperprolactinemia in SS goes from 13 to 59% and the implied mechanisms are the hypothalamic dysfunction and prolactinomas. The frequency of prolactinomas runs up to 66%. The frequency of osteopenia and osteoporosis is from 3 to 35 and from 35 to 44% respectively. The osteoporosis in escleroderma is multifactorial (ischemia, immobilization, intestinal malabsorption syndrome, steroids, menopause, hyperprolactinemia, among other). It is important to erform bone densitometry in these patients and to identify the cases of osteoporosis and to start opportune treatment.
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PMID:[Endocrinological alterations in systemic sclerosis]. 2179 86