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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three cases of hypogammaglobulinemia are described. In all cases the first symptoms of disease manifesting as pneumonia were preceded by diarrhea. In gastric biopsy there was atrophic gastritis with lack of plasmocytes. All patients demonstrated gastric achylia and symptoms of malabsorption syndrome. The causes of gastrointestinal changes, most probably infections, with simultaneous defective mucosal barrier are discussed.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal changes in patients with hypogammaglobulinemia. 5 51

The association of myasthenia and Biermer's anemia is very rarely reported. In a series of 138 cases of myasthenia, this association was found in only one patient, in whom the anemia developed 19 years after the discovery of a calcified thymoma and 13 years after the appearance of the first signs of myasthenia. This led the authors to conduct a prospective study for the presence of intrinsic antifactor antibodies. A total of 81 patients (20 men and 61 women) with myasthenia were studied. The myasthenia had appeared after 35 years of age in 40 patients and 19 had a thymoma. The results of the study for the antibodies was positive in 3 women, as was the test of inhibition of leucocyte migration, but none of them had anemia, vitamin B12 malabsorption, achlorhydria, or gastric atrophy. The discovery of these immunological disorders raises the problem of their significance ; two hypotheses can be discussed : pre-Biermer state or immunological disturbance without pathogenetic significance. The problem can probably only be resolved by studying these antibody levels in a very much larger number of patients with myasthenia.
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PMID:[Myasthenia and pernicious anemia or Biermer's (author's transl)]. 39 62

Five of 33 patients with dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) were found to have gastric parietal cell antibody in their sera, whereas it was not found in 30 healthy controls of comparable age distribution. Fifteen of the patients with DH underwent further studies to investigate the histological and functional state of their gastric mucosa. Atrophic gastritis was found in all five patients whose sera contained gastric parietal cell antibody and in three of 11 patients with no antibody in their sera. In addition, there was marked impairment of acid secretion in the DH group as a whole, but, apart from one patient with overt pernicious anaemia (PA), there was no evidence of malabsorption of B12.
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PMID:Gastric lesion in dermatitis herpetiformis. 77 83

Reduction in acid secretion in atrophic gastritis allows bacterial colonization of the stomach, most extremely in achlorhydric patients with pernicious anaemia, in whom overgrowth may cause nitrate reduction and formation of potentially carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds. Subsequent bacterial contamination of the upper small intestine can induce mucosal damage and malabsorption. The situation is similar after gastrectomy. In achlorhydria and after gastrectomy, the risk of gastric cancer is increased. There is controversy as to the risks of long-term treatment with H2-receptor antagonists. Increase in nitrate-reducing bacteria, nitrite and N-nitrosamine have been observed in patients by some investigators but not in volunteers and patients by others. Bacterial concentrations after cimetidine are inversely related to pretreatment acid secretory capacity. Demonstration of increased mutagenicity of gastric juice after H2-receptor antagonists gives grounds for caution. Drastic acid reduction may in future be reserved for short-term and intermittent treatment and mild or moderate reduction for long-term treatment of peptic ulcer and ulcer prevention.
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PMID:Bacterial overgrowth as a consequence of reduced gastric acidity. 286 52

The pathogenesis of malabsorption has been studied in 70 patients who presented over the age of 65 years and who were referred to a special investigative unit. Often more than one cause was apparent. Fourteen patients had pancreatic insufficiency, most of whom had no history of pain, alcoholism or gallstones. Twenty-three patients had the postgastrectomy syndrome or small-bowel diverticulosis or both. There were eight coeliacs aged 65-72 years at diagnosis. Fifteen patients had an anatomically normal small bowel; eight of these were over 80 years old, and 10 had vitamin B12 deficiency of whom five had confirmed pernicious anaemia. Enterobacterial overgrowth was a feature of all diagnostic groups except pancreatic and coeliac disease. Vitamin B12 deficiency may be an effect of malabsorption, but can also be a cause through impairment of enterocyte function. The association of pernicious anaemia and B12 deficiency with otherwise unexplained malabsorption and bacterial overgrowth suggests that gastric atrophy is a major causal factor in this syndrome, combined in some cases with a 'vicious circle' of B12 malabsorption and deficiency.
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PMID:Causes of malabsorption in the elderly. 309 95

Folic acid absorption was studied in 12 elderly subjects with atrophic gastritis and 10 elderly normal controls using tritium-labeled pteroylmonoglutamic acid. Two folic acid absorption tests were carried out on each subject with 120 ml of either water or 0.1 N HCl. Folic acid absorption was significantly lower in subjects with atrophic gastritis than in normal controls (31% vs. 51%, respectively; p less than 0.01). In subjects with atrophic gastritis, folic acid absorption rose significantly to 54% (p less than 0.001) when administered with acid, but did not change in normal controls (50%). Serum folate levels were normal in all subjects. Proximal small intestinal pH was higher in atrophic gastritis subjects than in normal controls (7.1 vs. 6.7, respectively; p less than 0.05), as were bacterial counts of small intestinal fluid (p less than 0.01). Bacteria cultured from the aspirates of subjects with atrophic gastritis were able to synthesize folate in vitro when incubated in a folate-free medium. Atrophic gastritis results in folic acid malabsorption but not in folate deficiency, possibly due to increased bacterial synthesis of folate in the small intestine.
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PMID:Folic acid malabsorption in atrophic gastritis. Possible compensation by bacterial folate synthesis. 377 Mar 72

Achlorhydric atrophic gastritis occurs in approximately 25% of patients with dermatitis herpetiformis (DH). The effect of gluten withdrawal on the gastric condition was studied in 35 patients, with a control group of 20 patients continuing their habitual diet. Gastrointestinal examinations were performed initially and repeated after about 1 3/4 years. Adherence to the diet was confirmed by dietary interviews, improvement of malabsorption test results and intestinal villous structure, and decreased dapsone requirement. Neither the non-restricted diet nor the gluten-free diet had any effect on gastric morphology, the ability to secrete gastric acid, serum gastrin levels, or the frequency or titres of circulating parietal cell antibodies. The findings indicate that gluten is not responsible for the perpetuation of the gastric affection in DH, in contrast to the enteropathy.
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PMID:Influence of gluten-free diet on the gastric condition in dermatitis herpetiformis. 399 62

A case of malabsorption and subtotal villous atrophy secondary to pulmonary and intestinal tuberculosis is reported. The patient was a 21-year-old Chinese girl who had active pulmonary tuberculosis, malabsorption, subtotal villous atrophy, atrophic gastritis with hypochlorhydria, ileal stricture, and a severe non-specific anaemia. There was also evidence to suggest protein-losing enteropathy. The association of subtotal villous atrophy and atrophic gastritis with tuberculosis is discussed. When antituberuclous therapy was instituted, improvement was marked not only clinically but also in the tests for intestinal absorption and in the jejunal mucosa.
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PMID:Malabsorption and subtotal villous atrophy secondary to pulmonary and intestinal tuberculosis. 542 99

We made clinical and immunologic observations of 30 children with common variable hypogammaglobulinemia. The mean age at diagnosis was 10.5 years, five years after clinical onset. Diagnosis was initially made based on a history of recurrent otobronchopulmonary infections, diarrhea, or both. The most common complications included short stature, bronchiectasis, and malabsorption, often associated with giardiasis or sprue. Nine patients had associated autoimmune diseases (eg, atrophic gastritis, arthritis, and hemolytic anemia). Three patients died, one of chronic respiratory insufficiency, one of chronic persisting hepatitis, and one of osteogenic sarcoma. Humoral and cellular immune functions of all patients were examined.
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PMID:Common variable hypogammaglobulinemia in children. Clinical and immunologic observations in 30 patients. 660 51

To evaluate the dual-isotope Schilling test for the diagnosis of pernicious anemia or malabsorption syndrome, 65 studies were selected for clinical correlation. Criteria for pernicious anemia included mean corpuscular volume greater than 100 cu micrometer, serum B12 greater than 100 ng/l, megaloblastic marrow, achlorhydria, reticulocytes greater than 5% on B12 therapy, atrophic gastritis, and elevated serum antibodies to parietal cells or intrinsic factor. Criteria for malabsorption syndrome included: decreased serum B12, folate, and carotene; increased fecal fat; abnormal D-xylose absorption; abnormal radiographic and biopsy findings. 58Co-cyanocobalamin and 57Co-cyanocobalamin bound to intrinsic factor were given orally to fasting patients; 1 mg of nonradioactive B12 was injected intramuscularly within two hours. Aliquots of 24-hour urine samples were counted. If the excretion of 58Co was less than 7% and the 57Co/58Co ratio was greater than 1.7, the test indicated pernicious anemia; a ratio less than 1.7 indicated malabsorption syndrome. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the dual-isotope Schilling test were 83%, 98%, and 94% for pernicious anemia, and 67%, 90%, and 86% for malabsorption syndrome, respectively.
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PMID:Reliability of the dual-isotope Schilling test for the diagnosis of pernicious anemia or malabsorption syndrome. 723 58


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