Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A series of 29 cases of amyloidosis of the alimentary tract is reported. Five cases (17%) were primary amyloidosis; 14 cases (48%) were amyloidosis secondary to other diseases (such as chronic inflammatory and neoplastic diseases); 10 cases (35%) were amyloidosis of the heredo-familial type connected with Familial Mediterranean Fever. In 23 patients (79%) the diagnosis was established by biopsies, and in 6 more cases on autopsy. Gastrointestinal involvement was found in all age groups. Gastro-enterologic complications observed in the present series include: diarrhea, malabsorption, ileus and gastrointestinal bleeding. In addition other conditions such as jaundice (3 cases), esophagitis and acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis were observed. In 22 patients proteinuria was observed and in 13 patients the nephrotic syndrome. Among 17 patients, in 11 the clinical picture before death was that of terminal renal failure. The survival after diagnosis among 14 patients reached 4 years in 9 cases, and 19 years in one case. The diagnostic value of the rectal biopsy is emphasized.
 ...
PMID:[Gastrointestinal amyloidosis]. 18 89

Scleroderma (progressive systemic sclerosis) is a systemic collagen disease in which the upper gut is frequently involved. In particular, most patient show altered esophageal motility, which frequently result in severe esophagitis, often resistant to therapeutic measures. The small bowel is also frequently involved by the disease, especially in the late stage of scleroderma. Small bowel alterations are sometimes clinically silent, but can also be the origin of malabsorption syndrome, small intestine perforation, pneumatosis cystoides or chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction. The occurrence of an altered gastrointestinal motility in scleroderma can be detected by means of manometric techniques; their use in the wide area of collagenopathies may help understanding the pathophysiology of the altered gastrointestinal function frequently existing in these diseases.
 ...
PMID:[Changes in upper gastrointestinal motility during scleroderma]. 207 74

The Authors examined 515 children with abdominal pain in the outpatient clinics for a period of two years. The pain was frequently periumbilical or mid epigastric with a history of more than two months. Persistent lactose malabsorption was found in 252 children (48,9%), which justifies the use of Breath Hydrogen Test as a first diagnostic procedure for assessing recurrent abdominal pain. Putative pathogens were identified in the stool specimens of 21 patients. Oesophagitis was diagnosed in 18 children and duodenal ulcer in one. 91 patients (less than 6 years old) improved after successful treatment of the chronic upper respiratory inflammations. The authors did not find any causes in 18.1 per cent of the children examined and they think that the abdominal pain in these children may be psychogenic. The use of high-fiber diet is proposed for the later group.
 ...
PMID:[Chronic recurrent abdominal pain and lactose malabsorption in childhood]. 226 51

Six personal cases of digestive tract involvement in dystrophic recessive epidermolysis bullosa are reported, and the relevant literature is reviewed. The study deals with the clinical aspects of these cases (buccal and dental lesions, digestive symptoms, effects on nutritional status; table I), as well as with their biochemical (table II), radiological and endoscopic aspects (table III, fig. 1 and 2). All patients presented with bucco-dental lesions, including two cases of congenital abnormalities: one with malposition and dysgenesis of the teeth, the other with dysplasia of the enamel in a patient whose dystrophic skin disease was proven by electron microscopic study. The oesophagus was involved in six cases, with tight concentric stenosis (2 cases), retrocricoidal stenosis (1 case) and oesophagitis (2 cases). No gastro-duodenal or intestinal lesions were detected. A case of constipation was related to anal involvement. The patients' nutritional status was investigated clinically and biochemically. A search for intestinal malabsorption by means of specific tests was conducted in 2 patients and proved negative. A study of the literature provided data on the nature and specificity of dental lesions. The morphological features, complications and physiopathology of oesophageal stenoses are described The existence of gastrointestinal lesions is discussed. Nutritional repercussions are presented and their causes are discussed. Attention is paid to the medical and surgical treatments of these lesions.
 ...
PMID:[Digestive involvement in dystrophic recessive epidermolysis bullosa. Apropos of 6 cases and review of the literature]. 332 46

In addition to abnormalities in systemic immune function, patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and the pre-AIDS syndromes have significant abnormalities in the distribution of T-cell subsets in the intestinal tract. Such immune deficits predispose such patients to opportunistic infections and tumors, many of which involve the gastrointestinal tract. For example, Candida albicans often causes stomatitis and esophagitis. Intestinal infections with parasites (Cryptosporidium, Isospora belli, Microsporidia) or bacteria (Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare) are associated with severe diarrhea and malabsorption, whereas viruses like cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus cause mucosal ulcerations. Clinically debilitating chronic diarrhea develops in many AIDS patients for which no clear cause can be identified. Enteric pathogens like Salmonella and Campylobacter can be associated with bacteremias. Kaposi's sarcoma and lymphoma involving the intestinal tract are now well-recognized complications of AIDS. Although AIDS is not associated with a pathognomonic liver lesion, opportunistic infections and Kaposi's sarcoma or lymphoma may involve the liver.
 ...
PMID:Gastrointestinal manifestations of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. 382 11

In 24 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) the pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion was determined to investigate if acid hypersecretion is associated with reflux-oesophagitis--the most common complication to oesophageal involvement in PSS. Gastro-oesophageal reflux was observed in 12, reflux-oesophagitis in 9 and oesophageal mycosis in 8 patients. Gastric acid secretion was increased in 13 (54%) patients and tended to be higher in patients with oesophagitis. Patients with reflux and increased acid secretion seemed to be free from oesophageal mycosis. Bacterial overgrowth and malabsorption are known complications to intestinal scleroderma and these items were investigated using non-invasive methods. Four patients had increased bile acid deconjugation, 3 had increased (14C)xylose degradation indicating bacterial overgrowth and 7 patients had decreased fat absorption in the triolein breath test. Nutritional status with respect to selenium, folate, cobalamin and fat-soluble vitamins was essentially normal.
 ...
PMID:Gastrointestinal function in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis. 383 May 21

Patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) frequently have diarrhea and weight loss. We prospectively examined the upper and lower gastrointestinal tracts in 22 AIDS patients, although severe medical problems often precluded full evaluation. Ninety-six percent (21 of 22) lost weight, and 55% (12 of 22) had diarrhea. The mean (+/- SD) weight loss was 34 +/- 19 lb. Steatorrhea was found in 4 of 14 patients, and D-xylose tests were abnormal in 8 of 14 patients. Mean serum albumin was 3.3 +/- 0.8 g/dl. A significantly diminished plasma selenium level, which can influence immune function, was noted in these AIDS patients. Gastrointestinal infections were identified in 45% of patients. Although diarrhea and malabsorption were more common in the infected group, weight loss and albumin were similar in those with and without demonstrated infections. Flexible sigmoidoscopy showed that of 15 patients, there were two with Kaposi's sarcoma, 10 normals, and three with nonspecific endoscopic changes of colitis. Infection was documented in all patients with colitis. Panendoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract was positive for AIDS-related pathology in five of 10 patients, including two with Kaposi's sarcoma, one with Candida esophagitis, one with herpetic esophagitis, and one with gastroduodenitis (biopsy positive for cryptosporidia); five patients had a normal-appearing tract. Small bowel or colonic biopsies frequently showed nonspecific inflammatory changes, although pathogens were identified in six patients (27% of all biopsies). We conclude that a wide variety of gastrointestinal pathology, which includes infectious agents, neoplasms, and inflammatory changes, may occur in AIDS patients. Therefore, AIDS patients, particularly those with diarrhea or weight loss, deserve an intensive evaluation for remediable lesions of their gastrointestinal tracts.
 ...
PMID:Gastrointestinal manifestations of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: a review of 22 cases. 404 Nov 33

Malignant lymphoma involves the gastrointestinal tract as a primary or secondary in the course of disseminated lymphoma. Although primary lymphoma has received the most attention in the literature, secondary lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract is much more common. The gastrointestinal manifestations and complications are a common problem and there is a lack of information as to diagnosis, management and prognosis. Intensive application of currently-available diagnostic techniques including radiology, cytology, endoscopy, biopsy and gastric secretory studies should be pursued for the evaluation of patients with lymphoma. The management of the multiple gastrointestinal complications such as monilial esophagitis, hemorrhagic gastritis, stress erosions, intestinal perforation, diarrhea, malabsorption and radiation damage that may then affect the gastrointestinal tract in the course of malignant lymphoma or its treatment requires very careful supportive management. Each modality of tretment for lymphoma may be associated with a variety of complications which compromise the structure and function of the gastrointestinal tract and which may be at times more devastating than the underlying neoplasm. Early recognition and active treatment of these complications is vital.
 ...
PMID:The gastrointestinal manifestations and complications of malignant lymphoma. 699 13

Pathologic childhood aerophagia is a rarely recognized, often poorly treated entity that has remained almost undescribed in either the surgical or pediatric literature. In only 1 of 9 children the condition was recognized at presentation. The initial diagnosis of the others was Hirschsprung's disease (2), malabsorption syndrome (3), gastric outlet syndrome (1), constipation (1), and esophagitis (1). Five were hospitalized and two underwent surgical procedures. History disclosed a remarkably constant triad: previous normal stooling pattern, visible and often audible air swallowing and excessive flatus. Physical examination often demonstrated a markedly or intermittently distended and tympanitic abdomen. Abdominal musculature was thinned in children with chronic aerophagia. Roentgenographic evaluation showed massively distended loops of intestine throughout without associated air-fluid levels. There was marked compression of the diaphragm with limited excursion in some. Laboratory and malabsorption testing was normal. Treatment is limited to recognition of the problem, nasogastric decompression in severe cases and psychologic counseling when symptoms persist in the older child. The recognition of this condition may lead to a better understanding of its pathophysiology and will reduce the number of unnecessary admissions or surgical procedures.
 ...
PMID:Pathologic childhood aerophagia: a recognizable clinical entity. 725 31

Over a 2.5-year period, 82 consecutive children complaining of recurrent abdominal pain underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Gastroscopy confirmed pathology in 48 of the children (58.5%). Four of the children, who also had undergone gastroscopy, had other diagnoses (lactose malabsorption, hydronephrosis, yersiniosis), and 30 of the children (36.6%) retained the initial diagnosis of recurrent abdominal pain syndrome. Gastritis was found in 48 of the children, 18 of whom (37.5%) had positive test results for Helicobacter pylori, based on histology and/or culture. Of 16 H. pylori-positive children tested, 12 (75%) also had an elevated concentration of IgG-class antibodies to H. pylori in their sera. Three of the children had duodenal ulcer disease, all of whom were H. pylori positive. Esophagitis was found in eight of the children with gastritis, all of whom were found to have gastroesophageal reflux. Our data suggest that among the children with recurrent abdominal pain syndrome, organic pathology is more common than was previously thought. Altogether 22% of the children with recurrent abdominal pain syndrome were infected with H. pylori.
 ...
PMID:Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in recurrent abdominal pain of childhood. 849 55


1 2 Next >>