Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024523 (malabsorption)
 7,319 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

More patients with extensive resection of the small bowel--secondary to regional enteritis, mesenteric infarction, cancer, etc.--are surviving perioperative treatment. To avoid nutrition-caused malabsorption and to maintain body composition, intravenous nutrition is initiated with a silastic atrial catheter in the immediate postoperative period. The patients are trained in "home hyperalimentation" procedures designed to allow normal nutrition to be maintained during the months required for bowel adaptation to occur. Because bowel adaptation to the absorption and transport of foodstuffs is in part dependent on the intraluminal presence of foodstuffs, elemental and regular diets are ingested during the period of intravenous support which may last for years. By using combined oral and intravenous nutrition, approximately 20 per cent of patients with short bowel syndrome eventually can take sufficient oral nutrients to sustain life.
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PMID:Role of parenteral nutrition in patients with short bowel syndrome. 11 3

Patients with small cell bronchogenic carcinoma, in a study utilizing laminar-air-flow-protected environments, oral prophylactic broad spectrum non-absorbable antibiotics (PNAA), and intensive combination chemotherapy, were examined to determine the effects of PNAA on serum biochemical values and on gastrointestinal absorption of both nutrients and methotrexate. With use of PNAA the following abnormalities were observed; serum carotene and folate decreased, D-xylose absorption was impaired, fat globules and muscle fibers were demonstrable in the stool, and the mean weight loss in 6 weeks was 10.2% as compared with 4.3% in patients not treated with antibiotics. Methotrexate absorption decreased from a mean of 69% prior to antibiotic use to 44% on PNAA. Thus, PNAA causes malabsorption of both nutrients and drugs. It appears unwise to treat patients on PNAA with oral antineoplastic drugs. Nutritional status must also be closely monitored and supplemental nutrition, either intravenously or with elemental diets, must be considered.
Cancer 1976 Oct
PMID:Effect of oral prophylactic broad spectrum nonabsorbable antibiotics on the gastrointestinal absorption of nutrients and methotrexate in small cell bronchogenic carcinoma patients. 18 70

Epidemiological, pathnogenetic and prognostic aspects of gastric carcinoma after a gastrectomy a long time previously are presented. Apparently an increase in the 5-year survival rate can only be achieved by an improvement in early diagnostic measures. Early, and consequently for a successful operation timely, recognition of early stages of a malignant tumor will possibly be improved by immunological methods when radiology, endoscopy, histology and cytology can no longer contribute to a considerable improvement of the diagnostic status now attained. A life worth living is possible after total or subtotal gastrectomy because initial deficiency states such as malabsorption etc. can be compensated by adaptation phenomena.
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PMID:[Epidemiology, pathogenesis and prognosis of gastric carcinoma in the light of clinical and statistical follow-up after gastrectomy (author's transl)]. 30 61

There are many factors which are responsible for the high incidence of cachexia in human neoplasia. In this review, those considered to be of major importance are discussed. Nutritional disturbances, such as anorexia and malabsorption, are common and nutritional repletion may be beneficial to certain patients. Raised metabolic rate and energy expenditure are also encountered. Tumour cells may act as a nitrogen trap or energy sink, but the significance of these mechanisms in man is questionable. Ectopic hormone production by tumours is well established and a number of tumour-derived substances have been described which interfere with the intermediary metabolism of the host. The significance of these various substances also remains uncertain. Most experimental studies of cancer cachexia have utilized transplantable animal tumour models which bear a poor resemblance to the clinical condition. Development of more suitable models with human tumour xenografts might allow a quicker and better understanding of the aetiologies of human cancer-induced cachexia.
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PMID:Cancer cachexia in man: a review. 39 80

This review examines the contributions made by anorexia, loss of taste, malabsorption and disturbances of intermediary metabolism to the cachexia of cancer. Methods of nutritional assessment are outlined and mention is made of the usefulness of nutritional support as an adjunct to anti-cancer therapies.
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PMID:The cachexia of cancer. 39 13

The patients studied were diagnosed as suffering from alpha-chain disease by their clinicopathological features, malabsorption findings, X-ray, and presence of abnormal alpha-chain protein in their serum. The objective of the study was to determine any possible defect of the immune system in such patients. The rosette technique and surface immunofluorescence were used to enumerate the circulating T and B lymphocytes in these patients. They were also skin-tested with tuberculin and given sensitizing doses of dinitrochlorobenzene. Their serum immunoglobulins were also quantitated. It was found that the proportion of circulating B lymphocytes was much higher than normal, whereas that of T lymphocytes was lower than normal. Furthermore, they could not be sensitized to DNCB and their skin test to tuberculin was negative. It was concluded that the disease was a B-cell disease of IgA type, associated with low level of cellular immunity.
Br J Cancer 1978 Jan
PMID:T and B lymphocytes in alpha-chain disease. 41 62

Alpha Heavy Chain Disease has generally been described in the Mediterranean area in young people with a diffuse gastrointestinal lymphoma and malabsorption. We describe a patient from the United States with polypoid lymphoma of the gastrointestinal tract and a prolonged clinical course, who had the characteristic alpha heavy chain disease protein. He did not have malabsorption, and the gastrointestinal tract, though containing multiple discrete lymphomatous polyps had little plasmacytic reaction. Lymphosarcoma cell leukemia developed late in the course and the malignant cells had the characteristics of B lymphocytes but did not contain alpha heavy chains. The data support the contention that the lymphoma in this form of alpha heavy chain disease may involve B lymphocytes but that the abnormal protein may be produced by other cells. Polypoid varieties of gastrointestinal lymphoma in North America must now be considered part of the spectrum of alpha heavy chain disease and the diagnostic protein searched for diligently.
Cancer 1978 Mar
PMID:New presentation of alpha heavy chain disease: North American polypoid gastrointestinal lymphoma. Clinical and cellular studies. 41

The authors discuss the main features of the complex pathophysiology of patients subjected to duodenocephalopancreatectomy, and particularly the difficulties inherent in clinical assessment of the digestive and metabolic impairment consequent upon the duodeno-gastro-pancreatic mutilation. Out of a total of 57 cases of this description, they singled out for recheck 23 patients who had undergone duodenocephalopancreatectomy not less than six months and not more than seven years before (chronic pancreatitis, 11 cases; various malignancies of the periampullar area, 10 cases; Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, 1 case; retroperitoneal lymphoma, 1 case). Seventy-six per cent of patients who had been gainfully employed were able to resume their jobs after surgery. Steatorrhea, assessed in terms of fecal fats, was present in all cases; notwithstanding, 70% of the patients gained weight (average increase 7 kg). All patients were on enzyme replacement therapy. Only 4% developed diabetes, and none developed postoperative peptic ulcers. Conversely there was a high incidence (65%) of bone structure reshuffling, signally osteoporosis, probably imputable to steatorrhea and vitamin D malabsorption, plus the often associated increase of serum alkaline phosphatase activity.
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PMID:[The biological results of duodenocephalopancreatectomy. Clinical evaluations based on a long-term follow-up]. 53 2

Concerning the stomach biopsy without optical control has only historical importance, concerning the small intestine it serves for the recognition of diffuse changes--particularly for the the differential diagnosis of the malabsorption and in the large intestine for the diagnosis and course control of inflammation. The aimed biopsy is a constituent of every endoscopy investigation, with the exception of completely normal or fully clear pathological findings. Without an aimed biopsy the diagnosis of the early cancer in ulcers, "polyps" and "ulcer scars" is not possible. Its gain depends on the number of biopsy particles; only the positive findings are proving.
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PMID:[Indications and value of gastrointestinal biopsy]. 53 3

Nine patients with malignancy requiring chemotherapy were evaluated before, during, and in the recovery phase of their antineoplastic regimen with selected absorptive studies and jejunal biopsies. Depression of the crypt mitoses occurred without change in the indices of absorption. The mitotic indices returned to pretreatment counts on the recovery phase biopsies. Even after prolonged therapy, restudy in three of the patients failed to demonstrate clinical malabsorption. We conclude that chemotherapy-related malabsorption does not contribute to overall malnutrition of cancer patients during the first months of treatment.
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PMID:Chemotherapeutic alteration of small intestinal morphology and function: a progress report. 55 95


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