Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

CD4+ lymphocyte counts of 91 HIV+ hemophilia patients were monitored for a mean of 4 years (range: 15-69 months). CD4+ lymphocytes decreased in 55 but increased in 36 patients over time. The CD4+ cell increases were persistent in 5 patients, whereas they fluctuated in 31. Of the 36 patients with increasing CD4+ counts 3 developed AIDS and 1 LAS. The other 32 patients were clinically asymptomatic (CDC II), but had immunological abnormalities, such as increased serum neopterin (N = 18) and impaired in vitro T cell responses to pooled allogenic stimulator cells (N = 15) or mitogens (N = 18). In contrast, of the 55 patients whose CD4+ cells decreased, 24 developed AIDS and 5 ARC (P less than 0.0005). Only 2 of these 55 patients had normal mitogen stimulation in vitro and normal serum neopterin levels.
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PMID:Improving CD4+ lymphocyte counts in HIV-infected hemophilia patients. A favorable prognostic indicator? 168 52

T-lymphotropic retroviruses of cats cause lymphopenia and immunosuppression and represent the major cause of death in that species. Similarly HTLV-I which is T4 tropic is associated with an increased risk for development of infectious disease in regions where the virus is endemic. Since HTLV-I is also believed to be transmitted by blood and by sexual intercourse we considered the possibility that a variant form of HTLV might cause AIDS. The identification of cross-reactive antibodies to HTLV-I-MA in a third or more of the AIDS patients and in suspicious blood donors that donated to transfusion-associated cases of AIDS eventually led to the recognition of HTLV-III, the causative agent of AIDS. The protein most associated with lymphocyte immortalization or transformation in the case of HTLV-I is p42. The proteins of HTLV-I encoded by the amino terminus of the env gene designated gp61 and gp45 are the most immunogenic antigens of this virus. Similarly those encoded by the amino terminus of the env gene HTLV-III designated gp160 and gp120 appear to be the most immunogenic markers for this agent. Almost all AIDS patients, ARC patients, and asymptomatic hemophiliacs have detectable antibodies to gp120 and gp160. HTLV-III related agents designated STLV-III have been found in macaque monkeys that develop simian AIDS and high prevalence rates of antibodies to STLV-III can be found in healthy African green monkeys. We hypothesize that the STLV-III of African green monkeys could represent a recent source of the virus to have infected humans in central Africa where the human epidemic probably began. The recognition that up to one million people may already be infected with HTLV-III in the United States alone indicates the need for development of a vaccine. The availability of primate species infected with the serologically related STLV-III agents that either resist disease development (African green monkeys) or succumb to an AIDS-type syndrome (rhesus) provide models that should aid in our attempts to develop such vaccines.
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PMID:Retroviruses associated with leukemia and ablative syndromes in animals and in human beings. 299 Jun 82

Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy during HIV infection is now a well classified syndrome featuring multiple chronic lymph node enlargement frequently associated with further symptoms (diarrhea, nocturnal sweating, loss of weight, fever): it is invariably accompanied by serious alterations of the cell-mediated immunity including lymphopenia, reduced number of helper lymphocytes in circulation, inversion of the helper/suppressor ratio, lower proliferative response in vitro and deficient delayed skin sensitivity tests. Minor opportunistic infections are also more frequent, the most widespread being chronic oral candidiasis. Whenever several of these signs are associated in a single patient, especially if the immunitary deficit is severe, an immunomodulating treatment is indicated to improve the lymphocyte functionality and finally to modify any evolutive tendency. The Authors give the preliminary results of a pilot study carried out on 12 patients with LAS/ARC treated with Thymopentin at a dosage of 50 mg by intra muscular injection on alternate days for cycles of 30 days. Compared with 14 untreated patients, the subjects receiving therapy showed a more stable immunological picture, and improvement in subjective symptoms and a better therapeutic response to minor opportunistic infections.
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PMID:Thymopentin (TP-5) therapy during lymphadenopathy syndrome (LAS/ARC): preliminary report. 333 53

The present study evaluates the in vitro cellular immunity response in cases of suspected Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The immunological features of 111 patients were correlated with those from eleven healthy controls. Patients were divided into three groups: RISK, LAS/ARC and AIDS, using CDC criteria. The AIDS showed leucopenia, lymphopenia, diminished number of T and B lymphocytes, normal number of thermostable E-rosette forming cells (TE), decreased helper-inducer T cell, elevated suppressor-cytotoxic T cell, reversed helper T cell/suppressor T cell ratio and depressed proliferative response using mitogens like phytohemagglutinin (PHA), concanavalin-A (Con-A), pokeweed mitogen (PWM) and purified protein derivative antigen (PPD). These findings confirm a severe deficiency in cellular immunity and permit to establish an immune cellular profile, characteristic of the AIDS patients.
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PMID:Cell-mediated immunity in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. 345 48

Between February 1983 and April 1986 we studied peripheral blood and bone marrow samples from 20 patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) related disease. 14 patients had AIDS, three had ARC, two had PGL and one had ITP as a sole manifestation of HIV related disease. Peripheral blood abnormalities included marked anisocytosis and poikilocytosis, rouleaux formation, neutropenia, lymphopenia, monocytopenia, a left shift in the granulocyte series and, in the patients with AIDS, vacuolated monocytes. The most frequent bone marrow abnormalities were reticuloendothelial iron block, dyserythropoiesis, megaloblastic change and erythroid hypoplasia. Excess histiocytes were noted in four marrows, one exhibiting haemophagocytosis. None of the bone marrows showed lymphopenia. Eight of the 20 marrows were difficult or impossible to aspirate. None of the trephine biopsies showed increased reticulin. The causes of these abnormalities are probably multiple and include opportunistic infections, drug therapy, immune mechanisms and possibly direct insult by the HIV virus.
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PMID:Peripheral blood and bone marrow abnormalities in patients with HIV related disease. 356 82

Lymphocytotoxic antibodies (LCT) directed against B and T cells were detected in 3 patients with AIDS, 7 patients with chronic lymphadenopathy syndrome and 13 of 17 symptom-free homosexuals. Five of these patients also had circulating cold agglutinins. Neutralization experiments have shown that LCT belonged to the IgM class. Elevated serum IgM was found in 15 of 23 (65%) patients with LCT, but in only one out of 4 patients (25%) who did not have LCT. No correlation of LCT to the risk factors or lymphopenia was observed. It may be concluded that many patients with AIDS and ARC synthesize complement dependent antilymphocyte antibodies which are cytotoxic to B and T cells.
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PMID:Lymphocytotoxic antibodies against peripheral blood B and T lymphocytes in homosexuals with AIDS and ARC. 633 66