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Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Development of immunological status of children after oral administration of a live influenza vaccine was followed using different tests of the cellular (blast transformation assay, identification of T, B and nil lymphocytes) and humoral (haemagglutination inhibition test, neuraminidase-inhibition test, neutralization test) immune response. Direct correlation was observed between the increase of neutralizing antibody and the lymphocyte stimulation indices in blast transformation assay (BTA). In vaccinated children the reactivity of lymphocytes was reduced and the amount of T lymphocytes decreased. The influenza vaccine has been shown to possess weak sensitizing properties.
Acta Virol 1982 Dec
PMID:Characteristics of cell-mediated immunity after oral administration of a live influenza vaccine. 613 41

Four homosexual men presented with gradually enlarging perianal ulcers, from which herpes simplex virus was cultured. Each patient had a prolonged course characterized by eight loss, fever, and evidence of infection by other opportunistic microorganisms including cytomegalovirus, Pneumocystis carinii, and Candida albicans. Three patients died; Kaposi's sarcoma developed in the fourth. All were found to have depressed cell-mediated immunity, as evidenced by skin anergy, lymphopenia, and poor or absent responses to plant lectins and antigens in vitro. Natural-killer-cell activity directed against target cells infected with herpes simplex virus was depressed in all patients. The absence of a history of recurrent infections or of histologic evidence of lymphoproliferative or other neoplastic diseases suggests that the immune defects were acquired.
N Engl J Med 1981 Dec 10
PMID:Severe acquired immunodeficiency in male homosexuals, manifested by chronic perianal ulcerative herpes simplex lesions. 627 10

An infant who received multiple blood transfusions in the neonatal intensive care unit developed a transfusion-associated CMV infection at age 11 weeks and thereafter was noted to have hepatosplenomegaly, mitogen hyporesponsiveness, persistent viruria, an abnormal distribution of T-lymphocyte subpopulations, and poor growth. He has had recurrent opportunistic infections, including Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Six donors of blood products received by this infant were investigated; one was found to have chronic lymphadenopathy, weight loss, intermittent diarrhea, lymphopenia, and a profound depression of lymphocytes with a helper/inducer surface phenotype (T4 positive). Family members have an abnormal distribution of T cell subpopulations similar to those reported in asymptomatic homosexuals. The course of disease in our patient suggests that acquired immune deficiency syndrome may be transmitted to young infants via blood products.
J Pediatr 1983 Dec
PMID:Transfusion-associated cytomegalovirus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome in an infant. 631 5

A patient with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome experienced pancytopenia during the course of his illness. At the time of maximum depression of the blood cell counts, the hematocrit value was 21%; the WBC count, 1,000/cu mm; and the platelet count, 27,000/cu mm. Lymphopenia was persistent but the number of juvenile neutrophilis was not diminished. Peripheral blood smears were noteworthy for the presence of atypical monocytes with phagocytic vacuoles. Histiocytic hemophagocytophagia was prominent in bone marrow aspirate specimens. Bone marrow biopsy specimens were usually hypocellular and contained collections of atypical lymphocytes and increased reticulin. These hematologic abnormalities are most likely the consequence of persistent viral infection in an immunocompromised host.
JAMA 1983 Dec 09
PMID:Acquired immune deficiency syndrome and pancytopenia. 631 79

Effects of a modified live vaccine (MLV) strain of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVD) on lymphocyte and neutrophil function were determined in cattle with and without increased plasma cortisol (hydrocortisone) concentrations. Cattle were given MLV-BVD vaccine IM and intranasally. Cattle given ACTH received 200 IU every 12 hours for 10 doses. The MLV-BVD virus when administered alone caused no apparent clinical signs or body temperature response. Of 4 MLV-BVD-treated calves that were also given ACTH, 2 developed increased body temperature and respiratory distress. The MLV-BVD virus caused a decrease in circulating lymphocytes and neutrophils, whereas administration of ACTH and MLV-BVD induced a neutrophilia and lymphopenia. The MLV-BVD virus and ACTH when administered separately or in combination caused a depression of lymphocyte blastogenesis in response to selected mitogens. Neutrophils were separated from the peripheral blood and their function was evaluated, using the following procedures: (i) random migration under agarose, (ii) ingestion of 125I-labeled Staphylococcus aureus, (iii) quantitative nitroblue tetrazolium reduction, (iv) iodination, and (v) antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). The MLV-BVD virus produced a significant (P less than 0.05) suppression of neutrophil iodination and ADCC. Neutrophils from cattle given MLV-BVD virus and ACTH had enhanced random migration, enhanced S aureus ingestion, suppressed iodination, and suppressed ADCC activity.
Am J Vet Res 1983 Dec
PMID:Suppression of neutrophil and lymphocyte function induced by a vaccinal strain of bovine viral diarrhea virus with and without the administration of ACTH. 631 14

Plasma zinc levels were measured in 95 elderly patients hospitalized in a long stay unit and in 100 healthy controls under 65 years of age. Plasma zinc concentrations were significantly lower in the elderly patients, as compared to the younger subjects (p 0.001). The correlations with serum prealbumin (p 0.05) and serum albumin (p 0.05) concentrations and the frequent association with protein-calorie malnutrition suggest that the low serum zinc levels mirror a low dietary zinc intake. Immunological tests in the elderly show moderate lymphopenia, high serum IgA and frequent depression of delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity to DNCB and PHA. We find a significant correlation between plasma zinc concentration and peripheral blood lymphocyte counts, but not the other immunological parameters. Linear discriminant analysis shows that the association of low plasma zinc values, low serum protein concentration and high serum IgG concentration implies poor prognosis.
Sem Hop 1983 Dec 08
PMID:[Plasma zinc levels in elderly hospitalized subjects. Correlation with other nutritional and immunological markers and survival]. 632 Mar 99

We applied the microlymphocytotoxicity method to the detection of lymphocytotoxic antibodies in case of 37 patients with acute malaria or 61 patients who sojourned in endemic malaria area and presented antibodies against plasmodial antigens (indirect immunofluorescence test greater than or equal to 1/20). Lymphocytotoxic antibodies were found in 16 patients of the first group and their occurrence may explain the lymphopenia and to a lesser extent the neutropenia and thrombopenia observed in some cases. In the second group lymphocytotoxic antibodies were present in 9 cases. In all samples no anti-HLA specificity was evidenced. Four patients were submitted to auto-cross-match test and 3 were found positive suggesting that among these antibodies some are auto-antibodies with anti-lymphocyte specificity.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot Filiales 1983 Dec
PMID:[Lymphocytotoxic antibodies in malaria]. 636 21

A prospective randomised study was carried out to compare the effect of mesna (2-mercaptoethane sulphonate sodium) with that of forced diuresis in preventing cyclophosphamide induced haemorrhagic cystitis in marrow transplant recipients. Sixty-one consecutive BMT recipients were randomised for treatment with forced diuresis or mesna. The incidence of macroscopic haematuria was significantly lower in the mesna treated group (chi 2 = 4.03, P less than 0.05). No specific side effects of mesna were detected. The lymphopenia induced by cyclophosphamide in the aplastic recipients was similar in the mesna and forced diuresis groups suggesting that mesna has no effect on the lymphocytotoxic activity of cyclophosphamide, although 6 out of 7 episodes of graft failure documented in the study occurred in mesna treated patients. As a result of this study our present policy is to use mesna in all BMT recipients but to continue careful documentation of the incidence of graft failure.
Br J Cancer 1984 Dec
PMID:Comparison of mesna with forced diuresis to prevent cyclophosphamide induced haemorrhagic cystitis in marrow transplantation: a prospective randomised study. 643 30

Properties of normal murine thymocytes forming in vitro cellular complexes with thymic epithelial-like stromal cells in the form of pseudoemperipolesis were studied. The complex-forming cells were low-buoyant-density blasts primarily localized to the subcapsular zone. After transition into small cortical lymphocytes, their capacity for complex formation was lost. The complex-forming cells were relatively resistant to cortisone acetate and low-dose (170 rads) whole-body X-irradiation. Their number increased sharply in the early stage of thymic regeneration, corresponding to an increase in the percentage of large thymic lymphocytes 4 to 5 days after cortisone treatment or X-irradiation. However, after the thymus was repopulated with small lymphocytes, the percentage of complex-forming lymphocytes decreased rapidly to the normal level. A possible relationship between a step in thymic leukemogenesis and intrathymic T-cell differentiation is discussed.
Cancer Res 1984 Dec
PMID:Differentiation-associated cellular complex formation of murine thymocytes with thymic stromal cells. 649 38

This paper presents a case in which treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was attempted with thymic humoral factor (THF). The capacity of THF for immunoenhancement and modulation of the immune response has been demonstrated in other conditions. The patient, a 24-year old black male homosexual from San Francisco, had experienced fever spikes, malaise, fatigue, anorexia, gradual vision loss, and weight loss over an 8-month period. Lymphopenia, T cell deficiencies, and imbalances in T cell subpopulations established the diagnosis of AIDS. Treatment with arabinoside A and fibroblast interferon was not effective. THF was then administered by daily injections for 3 weeks. At the end of the 2nd week of treatment, increased alertness and appetite were noted. Also documented was a transient increase in circulating lymphocytes, T cells, and helper cells. However, at the end of the 3rd week, the patient developed bronchopneumonia followed by renal failure and died in an acute encephalopathic state. Only 1 other (unsuccessful) attempt to treat an advanced case of AIDS with a thymic hormone has been reported. It is suggested that THF treatment might be more effective if offered at a very early stage of AIDS. It is hypothesized that a sufficient pool of precursor T cells is required to serve as target cells for immune modifiers such as THF. This precursor pool probably shrinks beyond rescue in the advanced stages of AIDS. The authors are currently involved in trials of immunomodulation with THF at early stages of immune impairment in pre-AIDS patients.
Isr J Med Sci 1984 Dec
PMID:Attempted treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) with thymic humoral factor. 654 6


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