Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Flow cytometric analysis was carried out on peripheral blood cells from patients with tuberculosis (TB) (n = 84) and with mycobacteriosis other than tuberculosis (MOTT) (n = 38). A whole blood-staining-hemolysis procedure was used for the preparation of samples being analyzed, and the cells were double-stained with various combinations of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)- and phycoerythrin (PE)- labeled monoclonal antibodies. These procedures enabled us to obtain quite reproducible results. As patients of more than 70 years old showed apparently distinct T lymphocyte profiles compared with those less than 70 years of age, this investigation was carried out only on patients of less than 70 years old. 1) The proportion of total lymphocytes to total leukocytes was significantly low in TB- and MOTT- groups, when compared with that in the healthy control group, although the total peripheral leukocyte number was not significantly different from each other. Thus, absolute numbers of lymphocytes were decreased significantly in TB- and MOTT- patients. 2) The numbers of both T and B lymphocytes in peripheral blood decreased in patients of both groups, leaving the ratio of T/B relatively constant. 3) Both CD4+/CD8- and CD4-/CD8+ subsets of T lymphocytes decreased in TB- as well as MOTT- groups. However, the decrease in CD4+/CD8- subset was more manifest than that in CD4-/CD8+ subset. Among CD4+/CD8- subset the proportion of the Leu8+ subpopulation was slightly lower and among CD4-/CD8+ subset CD11b- subpopulation was slightly higher in both TB- and MOTT- groups than in healthy control group. 4) There was no significant difference in proportions of IL-2-receptor (p55 alpha chain) positive as well as HLA-DR positive T-lymphocytes between patient groups and healthy control group. 5) Both TB- and MOTT- groups were subdivided according to the extent of pulmonary lesion. Patients with the larger lesion showed remarkable decreases in the ratio of T lymphocytes to total peripheral leukocytes, the number of T lymphocytes, and the numbers of CD4+/CD8- and CD4-/CD8+ subsets, when compared with those with the smaller lesion. 6) Although the averages of absolute numbers of T lymphocytes, CD4+/CD8- and CD4-/CD8+ subsets were lower in patient groups than in the control group and the ratios of these to total lymphocyte counts and the ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ subsets were not significantly different between patient groups and control group, the distributions of each value of individual person were far broad in patient groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[Flow cytometric analysis of peripheral T lymphocytes from patients with mycobacterial diseases]. 159 37

Antibodies to lymphocytes in serum samples from 88 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and 15 normal control subjects were examined by a cell enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with four human T and B cell lines as antigens. The antibodies reacted with the Wa B cell line and the T cell lines P12 (CD4-, CD8+), Jurkat (CD4-, CD8-), and Hut78 (CD4+, CD8-). Antibody titres in serum samples from patients with SLE were higher than in those from normal control subjects. Titres of antibodies to P12 were correlated with titres of antibodies to Wa, Jurkat, and Hut78 in serum samples from patients with SLE. IgG antibodies to P12 were associated with lymphopenia and reduced haemolytic complement. By thin layer chromatography immunostaining, the antibodies in serum samples from two of 10 patients with SLE with high titres of IgG antibodies to P12 and lymphopenia were shown to react with three monosialoglycosphingolipids and two neutral glycosphingolipids from P12 cells. Antibodies to lymphocytes in serum samples from patients with SLE react with T and B cell lines, recognise a series of cell membrane glycosphingolipids and are associated with the lymphopenia and hypocomplementaemia typical of active disease.
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PMID:Autoantibodies to T and B cell lines detected in serum samples from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with lymphopenia and hypocomplementaemia. 161 51

We analysed BALF cell findings in 9 patients (group A: 5 patients without lung disease after bone marrow transplantation (BMT), group B: 4 patients with lung disease after BMT) before and after BMT. Before BMT, BALF cell findings in group A were almost normal, whereas a relative increase of lymphocytes was seen in group B. Although total cell counts and cell composition in group A changed little after BMT, CD4/CD8 ratios in BALF lymphocytes decreased. In contrast, a relative increase of lymphocytes and neutrophils was seen in group B and there was variation of CD4/CD8 ratios in BALF lymphocytes after BMT. We there studied the BALF lymphocytes of 3 patients in group A and 4 patients in group B after BMT by means of 2-color analysis. Among CD4+ cell populations, CDw 29+ cells were decreased in both groups after BMT. A relative increase of BALF-CD4+ HLA-DR+ cells and CD8+ HLA-DR+ cells was seen in group A, but was not seen in group B. These findings suggest that there is abnormality of local immunity in the lung after BMT.
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PMID:[Analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in patients before and after bone marrow transplantation]. 162 96

In its pulmonary form, sarcoidosis generally resolves spontaneously, but it may lead to fibrosis of the lung. The clinical, radiological and functional tests, as well as activity markers such as the serum angiotensin converting enzyme, intrathoracic uptake of 67Gallium and the cytological data provided by bronchoalveolar lavage are only the expressions at any given time of a disease which is constantly progressing and only partly express its evolutive potential. The authors studied the distribution of T-lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood and from bronchoalveolar lavage. 32 patients were included in the study. They were suffering from acute or chronic sarcoidosis of the mediastinum and lungs and were divided into 2 groups according to clinical, radiological and pulmonary function criteria; Group A (n = 19) included regressive forms (minimum follow up 2 years) and group B (n = 13) the progressive untreated forms. Lymphopenia with a decrease in the percentage of CD3 cells was found in both groups. The percentage of CD4 cells is significantly lower in group B (28 +/- 11%) than in group A (45 +/- 8%) (p < 0.01) or in the control population (46 +/- 8%) (p < 0.01). The percentage of CD8 cells is higher in group B (30 +/- 8%) than in group A (18 +/- 6%). This results in a CD4/CD8 ratio which is significantly reduced in group B (1 +/- 0.5) when compared with group A (2.72 +/- 0.8) (p < 0.01) and the control group (2.17 +/- 0.8) (p < 0.01), the difference between group A and the controls being minimal.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Does peripheral blood T-lymphocyte population distribution in sarcoidosis provide a prognostic clue? 166 78

A 25-year-old homosexual man with a childhood history of rheumatic heart disease presented with painful joints, fever and chest pain. He was diagnosed as having acute rheumatic fever and was found to be HIV antibody-positive. His illness responded to conventional treatment but he had a persistently low CD4 lymphocyte count and was started on zidovudine. Interpretation of the significance of a low CD4 lymphocyte count is problematic in a patient with coincident rheumatic fever and HIV infection as both conditions can cause CD4 lymphopenia.
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PMID:Acute rheumatic fever in human immunodeficiency virus infection. 167 90

The object of this study was to further characterize the pathophysiology of the peripheral T lymphopenia in the BB rat. Towards this end, surface markers on unseparated thymocytes and purified thymocyte subsets from age- and sex-matched diabetes-resistant (BBn) and diabetes-prone (BBd) rats were analyzed by two-color flow cytometry. The proportions of thymocytes falling into each of the four main phenotypic subsets were comparable in BBn (n = 9) and BBd (n = 8) rats: respectively, 4.6 +/- 0.6% and 4.4 +/- 0.8%, CD4-8-; 68.1 +/- 1.9% and 71.1 +/- 3.2%, CD4+8+; 18.3 +/- 1.5% and 15.4 +/- 2.3%, CD4+8-; 9.1 +/- 0.9% and 9.1 +/- 1.0%, CD4-8+. In addition, absolute numbers of thymocytes were not significantly different. The levels of expression of CD4, TCR-alpha beta within each thymocyte subset were comparable in BBn and BBd animals as were the anti-TCR-induced proliferative responses of their CD4+8- and CD4-8+ thymocytes. However, phenotypic abnormalities within the CD4-8+ thymocyte subset of the BBd rat were found. A very significant (p less than 0.005) deletion of mature CD4-8+, TCR-alpha beta + thymocytes and a proportional increase (p less than 0.005) of immature CD4-8+, TCR-alpha beta low thymocytes. Moreover, a twofold decrease of CD8 expression by mature CD4-8+ thymocytes was observed in BBd animals. These results suggest that an impaired thymic maturation contributes to the peripheral T lymphopenia of the BBd rat.
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PMID:Abnormal thymocyte maturation in spontaneously diabetic BB rats involves the deletion of CD4-8+ cells. 168 92

We evaluated the clinical, immunologic, and virologic effects of oral treatment with ribavirin and isoprinosine for up to 3 months in asymptomatic, HIV-culture-positive homosexual men. Fifteen consecutive men received isoprinosine 4 g/day (1 g q.i.d.), and 800 (9 men) or 1,200 mg/day (6 men) of ribavirin. Five men in each ribavirin dosage group completed at least 2 months of treatment. No unexpected toxicities were observed. Eight minor HIV-related events occurred in six men while on study. All men remained HIV-positive, and time to positive culture decreased by at least 4 days in three men from each treatment group. Serum p24 levels did not change in two men who were p24 antigenemic and received 800 mg/day of ribavirin. Treatment was associated with a generalized lymphopenia affecting all lymphocyte subsets including CD4, which was partially reversible 1 month after stopping treatment. Most of the men remained anergic on DTHS skin testing. No improvements were noted in in vitro lymphoproliferative responses to antigens or in NK cell activity (which decreased significantly in the 1,200 mg/day ribavirin group). Although well tolerated at the doses employed, the combination of ribavirin and isoprinosine produced an unexpected generalized lymphopenia and did not exhibit HIV-suppressive or immunorestorative effects.
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PMID:Clinical, virologic, and immunologic effects of combination therapy with ribavirin and isoprinosine in HIV-infected homosexual men. 169 Dec 87

Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disorder of unknown aetiology accompanied by variable immunological changes which concern both the monocyte and lymphocyte cell line. During the course of this disease anomalies of distribution (with accumulation in the disease tissue contrasting with a peripheral lymphopenia) and also of T cell functions (a predominance of CD4 T lymphocytes within the lesions and spontaneous expression of activation criteria) have been described. Recent works show some disturbances of T cell function and evoke the possibility of the initial pathology being related to this cell. Some current hypotheses place the T cell receptor for the antigen and the interleukin 2 receptor whose dysfunction will lead to an anomaly of the transduction of the activating signal of the T lymphocyte. The intrinsic origin (genetically determined) or extrinsically (retroviral) of these disturbances remains however to be determined.
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PMID:[T-lymphocytes disorders in pulmonary sarcoidosis]. 169 90

Nine healthy volunteers received epinephrine and hydrocortisone intravenously in order to assess the typical acute response to a brief stress, of leukocyte and lymphocyte subsets, acute phase reactants and lymphocyte reactivity to T and B mitogens. At 10 min., all leukocyte subsets were increased, especially mononuclear cells. At 1 hour, moderate lymphopenia and monocytopenia occurred. At 6 hours, neutrophilia and eosinopenia were observed. During the lymphocytic early wave, all the lymphocyte subset counts increased, particularly T-suppressive/cytotoxic and natural killer cells. As a consequence, the percentage of T cells decreased and the CD4/CD8 ratio fell. No changes in acute phase reactants occurred over the 24 hours of the study. All leukocyte and lymphocyte subsets were normalized and mitogen reactivity was unchanged 24 hours after the stress. These typical shifts in leukocyte subsets could probe the adrenocortical and medullary response to an environmental stressor.
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PMID:Leukocyte and lymphocyte subsets after a short pharmacological stress by intravenous epinephrine and hydrocortisone in healthy humans. 170 7

Cells of MPS and lymphatic system in lymph nodes from eighteen patients with culture proven tuberculous lymphadenitis were examined by histological and immunohistochemical technics. Ten patients suffered from symptomatic HIV-infection and eight patients were immunocompetent individuals without HIV serology. Characteristic granulomas with or without caseation were observed in the eight immunocompetent and the four HIV-infected patients with less marked lymphopenia of CD4 positive peripheral blood lymphocytes. In lymph nodes from the other HIV-infected patients with more severe depression of CD4 positive peripheral blood lymphocyte count no epitheloid cell formation was present. Instead of these cells foamy macrophages were found. The phenotype of macrophages underwent progressive changes parallel to decreasing numbers of CD4 positive peripheral blood lymphocytes. Foamy macrophages in mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection may represent an end-stage phenotype. While many macrophages and lymphocytes expressed IL-2 receptors in cases with typical granulomas there was no such CD25 expression in cases without any epitheloid cell formation. Our results suggest that T-cell activation is necessary for epitheloid granuloma formation in human tuberculosis and preliminary in situ data support the assumption that in vivo the HIV-infection provokes an excess production of cytokines which in turn causes an exhaustion of the immune system and finally AIDS.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical characterization of HIV-and non HIV-associated lymph node tuberculosis]. 172 23


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