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Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Insulin role in regulating the immunocompetent tissue structure was studied on experimental rats with alloxan diabetes. Tendency to a decrease in the mesenteric lymph node cortical area, accompanied by a fall in the small lymphocyte number, was observed. The lymphatic follicle area markedly diminished. The small lymphocyte and reticular cell content among cellular elements of the clear centers significantly augmented, whereas mitosis number and the percentage of mean and large lymphocytes decreased. Billroth's strand area diminished by one-third comparatively to that of the control. Simultaneously their number of plasma cells and small lymphocytes lowered. Therefore, alloxan diabetes is accompanied by a fall in the parameters of the thymus-dependent structural components of the mesenterial lymph nodes. Insulin deficit induces a decrease in the number of lymphocytes, capable of proliferation and diminishes their mitotic activity.
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PMID:[Reactivity of the lymph nodes of the root of the mesentery in the small intestine of rats with alloxan diabetes]. 634 19

Much of our present knowledge concerning the etiopathogenesis, treatment and prevention of human diabetes would never have been acquired without the study of animal models of diabetes. The main models of IDDM may be divided into two groups: induced (through pancreatectomy, chemicals such as alloxan and streptozotocin, viruses and others) and spontaneous (mainly using BB rats and NOD mice). The latter, at different ages, develop a diabetic syndrome, with clinical characteristics, genetics and immunology that are very similar to the human disease. Among the more significant differences are lymphopenia (in BB rats) and the predominance of diabetes in females (in NOD mice). Studies aimed at preventing IDDM have advanced by leaps and bounds by using the two spontaneous models. These include various methods such as genomic modification, an influence over some environmental agents, immunosuppression, immunotherapy, immunomodulation and tolerance induction as well as protection of the beta-cell from autoimmune attack. The conclusions drawn from animal experiments have allowed some human trials to be carried out with encouraging results.
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PMID:Animal models of type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. 964 24

Cardiovascular complications are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes, obesity and the metabolic syndrome. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in tea as a protective agent against CVD. Here, we compared the modulatory effects of two different doses (50 and 100 mg/kg body weight given orally for 28 consecutive days) of black tea aqueous extract (BTE, rich in theaflavins and thearubigins) and green tea aqueous extract (GTE, rich in catechins) on experimentally induced hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia and liver dysfunction by alloxan (which destroys pancreatic beta-cells and induces type 1 diabetes) and a cholesterol-rich diet (which induces obesity and type 2 diabetes) in male Wistar albino rats. Both tea extracts significantly alleviated most signs of the metabolic syndrome including hyperglycaemia (resulting from type 1 and 2 diabetes), dyslipidaemia and impairment of liver functions induced by alloxan or the cholesterol-rich diet in the animals. Also, the tea extracts significantly modulated both the severe decrease and increase in body weight induced by alloxan and the high-cholesterol diet, respectively. The modulatory effects obtained here were partial or complete, but significant and dose dependent, and slightly more in GTE in most cases. No harmful effects were detected for tea consumption on all parameters measured, except that the high dose of both tea extracts significantly decreased the spleen weight:body weight ratio and induced lymphopenia. The present study supports the hypothesis that both black and green teas may have beneficial effects against the risks of the metabolic syndrome and CVD as shown in rat models of human obesity and diabetes.
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PMID:Modulatory effects of black v. green tea aqueous extract on hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia and liver dysfunction in diabetic and obese rat models. 1982 5