Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the last years the number of HIV-positive patients needing cardiac surgery has greatly increased. Cardiopulmonary bypass is suspected to have a role in the progression of HIV-infection to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). From October 1988 to December 1990, 6 intravenous drug addicts underwent cardiac surgery for infective endocarditis at our Department. Preoperative and postoperative absolute lymphocyte T-helper (CD4) and T-suppressor (CD8) counts did not show a close association between the temporary lymphopenia induced by cardiopulmonary bypass and progression to AIDS.
Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1992 Oct
PMID:Cardiac surgery in HIV-positive intravenous drug addicts: influence of cardiopulmonary bypass on the progression to AIDS. 148 17

Cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with postoperative humoral and cellular immune changes. Postoperative decrease in T helper (CD4), T suppressor (CD8), and B lymphocyte counts; decrease or reversal of the CD4/CD8 ratio; and poor in vitro response to mitogens have also been observed. Similar changes in lymphocyte number and function have also been noted in patients receiving transfusions. To determine whether observed changes after cardiopulmonary bypass are related to the bypass itself or to associated blood transfusions, we conducted a study of lymphocyte subsets in transfused and nontransfused patients. A flow cytometric analysis of seven lymphocyte subpopulations was conducted in 18 patients undergoing bypass, eight of whom did not receive a transfusion. The transfused group comprised recipients of both homologous (n = 8) and autologous (n = 2) blood. Total lymphocytes and lymphocytes with markers for CD3 (pan-T cells), CD4, and CD8 decreased significantly postoperatively independent of transfusion. B lymphocytes decreased postoperatively in both the autologous transfusion and no transfusion groups. However, this trend was not seen in patients receiving homologous blood, and three of these patients had evidence of T cell activation, suggestive of an immune response to homologous transfusion. Bypass produces significant changes in selected lymphocyte subsets. Furthermore, simultaneous homologous blood transfusion may specifically elicit an immune response in some patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1991 Feb
PMID:Changes in lymphocyte subpopulations as a result of cardiopulmonary bypass. The effect of blood transfusion. 199 33

Open-heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and abdominal surgery are associated with lymphocytopenia. We measured a panel of adhesion and activation molecules on lymphocytes to clarify possible association of CPB with increased expression of these molecules. Eight patients undergoing open-heart surgery and eight with abdominal surgery were studied. The adhesion molecules CD11a/CD18 (LFA-1_, CD11c/CD18 and CD44 and the activation molecules CD25, CD69, CD71 and MHCII were measured, using monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry. Lymphocytopenia was observed during CPB and for some hours after both open-heart and abdominal surgery. The proportion of CD11a/CD18-positive lymphocytes rose from 67.6 +/- 8% to 86.4 +/- 3% after aortic declamping (p < 0.05). The expression of activation molecules CD25, CD69 and CD71 was unchanged during and after open-heart as well as abdominal operations. Thus CPB was associated with increased expression of the adhesion molecule CD11a/CD18 on lymphocytes, while the expression of activation molecules on lymphocytes was unchanged.
Scand Cardiovasc J 1997
PMID:Expression of adhesion and activation molecules on lymphocytes during open-heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. 921 96

Radiation therapy (RT) has improved patient outcomes, but treatment-related complication rates remain high. In the conventional 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional conformal RT (3D-CRT) era, there was little room for toxicity reduction because of the need to balance the estimated toxicity to organs at risk (OARs), derived from dose-volume histogram data for organs including the lung, heart, spinal cord, and liver, with the planning target volume (PTV) dose. Intensity-modulated RT (IMRT) is an advanced form of conformal RT that utilizes computer-controlled linear accelerators to deliver precise radiation doses to the PTV. The dosimetric advantages of IMRT enable better sparing of normal tissues and OARs than is possible with 3D-CRT. A major breakthrough in the treatment of esophageal cancer (EC), whether early or locally advanced, is the use of proton beam therapy (PBT). Protons deposit their highest dose of radiation at the tumor, while leaving none behind; the resulting effective dose reduction to healthy tissues and OARs considerably reduces acute and delayed RT-related toxicity. In recent studies, PBT has been found to alleviate severe lymphopenia resulting from combined chemo-radiation, opening up the possibility of reducing immune suppression, which might be associated with a poor prognosis in cases of locally advanced EC.
Korean J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020 Aug 05
PMID:The Role of Modern Radiotherapy Technology in the Treatment of Esophageal Cancer. 3279 50