Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Biochemical fractions of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis were obtained for experimental inoculation in mice followed by haematological analysis. Dead total fungus, total fungus disrupted by ultrasonic waves, lipids of the fungus, supernatant of the lipid purification, and integral and disrupted fungus free of lipids were obtained. The six fractions were obtained from lyophilized yeasts of a recent isolate of P. brasiliensis and from a pool comprising equal amounts of four strains maintained in the laboratory for some time. Different doses of the 12 fractions were intraperitoneally inoculated into mice and haematological analysis was done 30 days later. No significant alterations were detected in the red blood cell series. However, the white blood cell series showed marked alterations, such as leukopenia, with relative neutrophilia and lymphopenia. Thrombocytosis occurred widely. The haematological alterations revealed associations with the injected doses without relation to the biochemical composition of the different fractions. No difference in the capacity for inducing haematological alterations was found between the fractions obtained from the recent isolate and from the older ones.
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PMID:Haematological alterations induced by biochemical fractions of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis in mice. 130 99

Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) is a multi-potential cytokine which has been implicated in the hematopoietic regulatory machinery. For example, we have found that LIF is constitutively expressed in marrow stroma. Other investigators have reported that LIF affects remodeling of bone, and that, in concert with other growth factors, it stimulates hematopoietic stem cell proliferation. Moreover, in vivo animal trials reveal that, at high doses, administration of LIF induces myelosclerosis whereas, at lower doses, megakaryocytosis and thrombocytosis with reduced bone marrow cellularity and marrow lymphopenia are observed. Therefore, the role of LIF in the pathogenesis of myeloproliferative disorders such as myelofibrosis and sclerosis merits investigation. Further, its megakaryocytic stimulatory properties suggest that LIF may be exploitable in the clinic to enhance platelet production.
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PMID:The modulatory hematopoietic activities of leukemia inhibitory factor. 149 63

We investigated the effects of daily subcutaneous (SC) injections of 100, 200, or 400 micrograms/kg murine recombinant interleukin-1 beta (rIL-1 beta) or its excipient on normal Fischer 344 rats and ones harboring a malignant RT-2 glioma. The tumor model has a predictable course with animals dying on days 14-17 following an intracerebral inoculation of 10(4) RT-2 glioma cells. Treatments with rIL-1 beta or excipient began on day seven post-tumor inoculation and continued for 7 days. We observed no significant effect on core body temperatures although there was a significant (p less than 0.05) decrease in body weight in all rIL-1 beta treated animals. When tumor-bearing animals became moribund, they received an intraperitoneal injection of bromodeoxyuridine (BUdr) and were sacrificed two hours later. Blood samples were obtained prior to their sacrifice by transcardiac perfusion with a buffered aldehyde solution. Recombinant IL-1 beta affected blood differentials; causing neutrophilia, lymphopenia, and slight thrombocythemia. The BUdr labeling index of glioma cells did not significantly differ between treatment groups, although tumors differed histologically at the time of necropsy. Tumors of rIL-1 beta treated animals had more extensive necrosis and a greater degree of leukocyte infiltration. Survival studies were conducted in which rats were given continuous daily SC injections of rIL-1 beta until day of death. Overall survival between the two groups differed significantly in studies using 100 micrograms/kg/d (p less than 0.05); rIL-1 beta treated rats had a mean survival time of 22 (+/- 3.0) days while excipient controls had a mean survival time of 17 (+/- 0.5) days. Similarly, at a dose of 200 micrograms rIL-1 beta/kg/d, mean survival was significantly (p less than 0.05) increased as compared to excipient controls (18.75 +/- 1.5 vs. 15.25 +/- 1.7 days, respectively). Daily injections of 400 micrograms/kg did not significantly increase the survival of glioma bearing animals, possibly as a consequence of rIL-1 beta toxicity at this dose.
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PMID:Systemic treatment with murine recombinant interleukin-1 beta inhibits the growth and progression of malignant glioma in the rat. 161 37

Kappa, lambda and iota carrageenans were administered i.p. (125 mg/kg) to groups of Sprague-Dawley rats. Each carrageenan (but especially kappa and lambda) caused thrombocytopenia and red-cell damage, particularly burring, within 2 days. This was followed by rebound thrombocytosis and persistent anaemia, accompanied by a reticulocytosis. A 2-fold increase in fibrinogen was observed at 24 or 48 h. All groups showed a leucopenia at 1 h, then a progressive leucocytosis, maximal at 48 h (kappa and lambda) or Day 7 (iota). Between 1 and 24 h there was a significant lymphopenia, followed by lymphocytosis (kappa and lambda) including Turk cells and pronounced neutrophilia in all groups. Monocytosis occurred in response to each carrageenan on Days 2-4 (kappa) or Day 7 (lambda and iota). Injection of kappa carrageenan was characterized by the presence (up to Day 7) of carrageenan-positive material, in the form of floccules, within the peripheral blood, and by Day 7 the appearance of histiocyte-type macrophages which exhibited haemo-phagocytosis. In the lambda group, carrageenan-positive granules were observed in the cytoplasm of mononuclear cells throughout the experimental period. No intracellular carrageenan was demonstrable in peripheral blood in the iota group or within neutrophils of any of the injected animals. Overall marrow cellularity was not altered by carrageenan, but small numbers of kappa- and lambda-containing macrophages were identified. Splenomegaly was consistently observed and in histological section carrageenan-positive macrophages were detected in the red pulp, particularly in the lambda group.
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PMID:Haematological changes following systemic injection of purified carrageenans (kappa, lambda and iota). 729 47

Stem cell factor (SCF) administered as daily bolus injections in dose-response experiments in mice causes a progressive and dramatic dose-dependent panleukocytosis characterized by neutrophilia, eosinophilia, monocytosis, and lymphocytosis. SCF causes circulating platelet numbers to be dose-dependently increased after 2 weeks of daily injections. Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) administered as daily bolus injections in mice causes a peripheral leukopenia that is largely due to peripheral lymphopenia. LIF causes thrombocytosis peaking after approximately 1 w. Coinjection of SCF and LIF for 1 to 2 wk in mice does not cause a much greater thrombocytosis than the maximum thrombocytosis achievable with SCF or LIF alone. On the other hand, daily injection of SCF for 5 days followed by daily injection of LIF for 5 to 6 d in mice causes a very substantial increase in platelets that was lineage-specific in terms of not being accompanied by a generalized leukocytosis. In contrast, only a very modest thrombocytosis was noted in SCF-primed LIF-treated rats. LIF causes a large increase in the cytoplasmic volume of splenic megakaryocytes in mice, but not in rats. In conclusion, SCF-induced priming followed by LIF-induced maturation of megakaryocytes causes a substantial selective increase in the numbers of circulating platelets in mice.
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PMID:Hematologic effects of stem cell factor (SCF) and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) in vivo: LIF-induced thrombocytosis in SCF-primed mice. 754 May 57

This study presents a retrospective analysis of clinical and laboratory results of 22 patients--predominantly younger women--with thyroiditis de Quervain. Diagnosis is based on clear leading symptoms like swelling and tenderness of the thyroid on pressure, swallowing with pain radiating to mandible and/or ears, fever and increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Half of the patients had slight anemia, leucocytosis without shift to the left, lymphopenia and thrombocytosis. The therapy of choice was prednisone, starting with an initial dose of usually 50 mg, reduced stepwise over 3 months under control of the clinical picture and the sedimentation rate. In a third of the patients clinical symptoms of the disease that had disappeared transiently redeveloped under reduction of prednisone without increase of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Raising the dose of prednisone for a short while led to prompt disappearance of symptoms. The ESR thus supports diagnostic investigations; however, it fails as a control parameter for the course of disease under treatment.
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PMID:[Steroid therapy and course of blood sedimentation rate in de Quervain's thyroiditis]. 811 64

Over a 16 month period 307 children with suspected tuberculosis (TB) and an available full blood count (FBC) seen at Tygerberg Hospital in South Africa were evaluated and categorized as confirmed (A), probable (B), and no TB (C) according to WHO criteria. There was no difference in the mean age of the 168 group A (33.6 months), 83 group B (34.4 months), and the 56 group C (31.6 months) children. A lower mean haemoglobin (Hb 10.2 vs. 10.8 g/dl) was the only significantly different haematological parameter in children with TB compared with the comparison group (Group C). There were no differences in median total white cell count, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, platelets, or the proportion of children in each group with anaemia, microcytosis, neutrophilia, neutropenia, lymphocytosis, lymphopenia, monocytosis, thrombocytosis or thrombocytopenia. The most common haematological abnormalities in children with TB were the presence of anaemia, neutrophilia, and monocytosis but these changes were found with equal frequency in control patients. Although haematological abnormalities are fairly common in children with TB, in a developing country these abnormalities also occur frequently in children with other non-tuberculosis respiratory infections. An FBC has no diagnostic predictive value when investigating a child for TB.
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PMID:Haematological abnormalities in children with tuberculosis. 1058 77

Precise control of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) proliferation and differentiation is needed to maintain a lifetime supply of blood cells. Using genome-wide ENU mutagenesis and phenotypic screening, we have identified a mouse line that harbors a point mutation in the transactivation (TA) domain of the transcription factor c-Myb (M303V), which reduces c-Myb-dependent TA by disrupting its interaction with the transcriptional coactivator p300. The biological consequences of the c-Myb(M303V/M303V) mutation include thrombocytosis, megakaryocytosis, anemia, lymphopenia, and the absence of eosinophils. Detailed analysis of hematopoiesis in c-Myb(M303V/M303V) mice reveals distinct blocks in T cell, B cell, and red blood cell development, as well as a remarkable 10-fold increase in the number of HSCs. Cell cycle analyses show that twice as many HSCs from c-Myb(M303V/M303V) animals are actively cycling. Thus c-Myb, through interaction with p300, controls the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells.
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PMID:c-Myb and p300 regulate hematopoietic stem cell proliferation and differentiation. 1569 58

Feline haematology profiles of patients presented to the University of Bristol Small Animal Hospital from January 2000 to October 2005 were evaluated for thrombocytosis (defined as a platelets count of >700x10(9)/l and confirmed on smear evaluation). Thrombocytosis was found in 79 cats (4.64% of the hospital feline population), with values ranging from 703 to 1895x10(9)/l. Signalment, clinical presentation, concurrence of other haematological abnormalities, diagnoses and outcome were evaluated in 51 cases in which complete medical records were available. Other variables (feline immunodeficiency virus/feline leukaemia virus status, thyroxine level, haemoplasma PCR, toxoplasma antibody titres) were also evaluated. No association was found between the presence of thrombocytosis and breed or gender. Gastrointestinal signs were the most common clinical presentation. Lymphopenia was the most common concurrent haematological abnormality. Based on final diagnosis reached, cats were grouped both according to the DAMNITV classification and according to the body system affected. Amongst the DAMNITV classification, inflammatory/infectious conditions were most commonly associated with thrombocytosis. According to body systems, gastrointestinal involvement was most represented, followed by endocrine cases. No association was found between the severity of thrombocytosis and outcome.
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PMID:Thrombocytosis in cats: a retrospective study of 51 cases (2000-2005). 1738 28

Oncostatin M (OSM) and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) belong to the interleukin-6 family of cytokines. The authors' previous in vitro work demonstrated that in mouse cells mouse OSM (mOSM) signals through a heterodimeric receptor complex incorporating the mOSM-specific receptor mOSMRbeta while human OSM (hOSM) and bovine OSM (bOSM) use the mouse LIF receptor mLIFRbeta rather than mOSMRbeta. These in vitro data suggest that prior studies in mouse systems with hOSM or bOSM (the usual molecules used in early studies) reflect LIF rather than OSM biology. The current work assessed whether or not this divergence in actions among these three OSMs also occurs in vivo in mouse models. Adult female (C57BL/6J x DBA/2J) F(1) mice were engineered to stably overexpress mOSM, hOSM, or bOSM by retrovirus-mediated gene transfer (n = 10 or more per group). After 4 weeks, molecular and hematologic profiles and anatomic phenotypes in multiple organs were assessed by standard techniques. Animals overexpressing either hOSM or bOSM had an identical phenotype resembling that associated with LIF activation, including significant hematologic abnormalities (anemia, neutrophilia, lymphopenia, eosinopenia, and thrombocytosis); weight loss; profound enlargement (lymph node, spleen) and/or structural reorganization (lymph node, spleen, thymus) of lymphoid organs; and severe osteosclerosis. In contrast, mice overexpressing mOSM did not develop hematologic changes, weight loss, or osteosclerosis and exhibited more modest and anatomically distinct restructuring of lymphoid organs. These data indicate that activities imputed to OSM and the mOSMRbeta signaling pathway using in vitro and in vivo mouse experimental systems are unique to mOSM.
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PMID:Mice overexpressing murine oncostatin M (OSM) exhibit changes in hematopoietic and other organs that are distinct from those of mice overexpressing human OSM or bovine OSM. 1911 26


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