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Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Immunological investigations concerning pathological autoantibodies and defects of humoral immunity were performed in 7 patients with thymomas, 5 of which showed invasive growth. The number of B and T lymphocytes in blood was determined at the same time using membrane markers as well as blood lymphocyte stimulation with phytohaemagglutinine. Two of the 3 patients with auto-antibodies against striated muscles or nuclei showed the clinical signs of accompanying disease (myasthenia gravis, lupus erythematodes). A humoral immunodisturbance with IgM deficiency was demonstrable in one patient and was accompanied by clinical symptoms. Lymphopenia with decreased numbers and functional disturbance of T and B lymphocytes could be shown in the majority of patients. Immunological investigations simplify proof of accompanying diseases in thymomas. These represent an important prognostic criterium in the same way as does invasive growth.
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PMID:[Thymomas (author's transl)]. 30 88

An active subpopulation of T lymphocytes characterized by their ability to form early rosettes with sheep erythrocytes (active E-RBL) was studied in the blood of 50 patients with untreated systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and in 50 normal controls. The findings were related to the absolute number of circulating lymphocytes and total E-receptor-bearing lymphocytes (total E-RBL). Lupus patients with active disease had markedly decreased absolute lymphocyte counts, but the decrease of both the total and the active E-RBL surpassed what would be expected from the lymphopenia. Patients with inactive disease had moderately decreased absolute lymphocyte counts with a marked and disproportionate decrease in total E-RBL and a moderate decrease in active E-RBL, which seemed to reflect only the absolute lymphopenia. Patients with active disease had significantly lower active E-RBL than those with inactive disease. The changes of these and other lymphocyte subpopulations in relation to disease activity in SLE may reflect the influence of factors leading to T-cell depletion and immaturity. Circulating thymic products may be one of those factors.
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PMID:T-lymphocyte subpopulation in untreated SLE. Variations with disease activity. 33 83

This review of recent and new directions in clinical immunologic studies of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is restricted to the areas of lymphocyte surface markers, antigen binding lymphocytes, immune complexes, and lymphocyte hyporesponsiveness in lupus patients. First, it is not clear whether the T-lymphopenia observed in SLE is related to viral destruction of T cells, anti-lymphocyte antibodies, or tissue sequestration. Second, the increase in DNA-binding B lymphocytes observed in active lupus patients may be related to minor alterations in the balance of immunoregulatory T cells or to a bypass of DNA-specific helper T cells. Third, it is speculated that the removal of immune complexes which play a role in lupus glomerulitis by various extracorporeal immune absorbents may be important in the future therapy of SLE. Fourth, the mechanisms of T-lymphocyte hypofunction are unexplained. It is postulated from studies done in other diseases that this hypoactivity may be mediated by the secretion of prostaglandin or other humoral agents from one leukocyte subpopulation suppressing another potentially responsive lymphocyte subpopulation. Also an investigation into the lymphocyte subpopulation reactive with virus-infected fibroblasts may be useful in delineating immunoregulatory lymphocytes important in the pathogenesis of SLE.
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PMID:Clinical immunologic studies in systemic lupus erythematosus. 35 65

One hundred fifty-eight patients with active, untreated systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were studied from the time of diagnosis. Lymphopenia was present in 75%, and another 18% of those patients developed lymphopenia subsequent to disease reactivation. Lymphopenia of less than 1500 cells/microliter occurred more frequently than any of the preliminary criteria for the classification of SLE, and it was the most prevalent initial laboratory abnormality. Lymphocyte counts were significantly lower in lupus than in the other connective tissue diseases except mixed connective tissue disease and polymyositis.
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PMID:Lymphopenia in systemic lupus erythematosus. Clinical, diagnostic, and prognostic significance. 64 28

Neurologic manifestations, afflicting up to 70% of SLE patients, include psychosis, seizures, chorea, neuropathies, and stroke. MRI is useful in evaluation of lupus patients and several reports have documented cerebral atrophy or focal hyperintensities. We report an unusual MRI appearance in a 56-year-old woman with SLE, diagnosed on the basis of pleuritis, lymphopenia, anti-DNA antibodies, and neurologic involvement. She reported recent onset of Raynaud's phenomenon and generalized macular rash. She presented after two months of gradual deterioration with memory loss, flattened affect, dysphagia, dysarthria, anomia, and somnolence, without focal neurologic signs. Investigations included elevated ESR, reduced complement, normal CSF without oligoclonal bands, negative viral serology, normal hormone and vitamin levels, normal renal and hepatic function. Neuropsychologic testing showed widespread impairment (WAIS-R: FSIQ-63; WMS-69; DRS-98; RCPM-14; WAB AQ-78.8). CT was normal but MRI showed strikingly symmetric, confluent hyperintensities extensively involving cerebral and cerebellar white matter on T1 and T2 weighted scans. Basal ganglia and subependymal and subcortical white matter were spared. Treated with prednisone, the patient made a gradual, but incomplete, recovery. These MRI findings may reflect widespread vasculopathy or direct immunologic brain insult with or without immunologic blood-brain barrier disruption.
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PMID:Dementia with leukoencephalopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus. 191 71

Neurophysiological studies were performed on 22 randomly selected patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in order to determine whether this form of assessment might be of value in the diagnosis and management of neurological lupus. Sixteen patients described neurological lupus. In eight, neurological symptoms were present at the time of neurophysiological testing. All eight had neurophysiological abnormalities. In six the abnormality was of central origin manifesting as a disorder of either visual evoked response (VER) or brain-stem auditory evoked response (BAER). In the remaining two, an isolated disorder of peripheral nerve conduction (PNC) was present. In the eight patients with previous neurological symptoms five (63%) had neurophysiological abnormalities, but a central disorder was observed in only one and abnormal PNC was present in all. Of the six patients with no neurological symptoms, three (50%) had central neurophysiological disorders. No correlation between individual neurophysiological disorders and specific neurological symptoms was observed. However, all four patients with active vasculitis and all seven with lymphopenia had a neurophysiological disorder. If these observations are extended and confirmed, neurophysiological studies may provide a useful test to the clinician in the evaluation and management of neurological lupus.
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PMID:Clinical neurophysiology in the assessment of neurological symptoms in systemic lupus erythematosus. 361 87

Four patients presented with the nephrotic syndrome. The histological appearances on renal biopsy were in three characteristic and in one suggestive of lupus nephritis. These patients did not initially have other clinical features of SLE, but three had a positive ANA and one a raised DNA titre. Remission occurred in two patients, in one spontaneously and in another following corticosteroid therapy, but two developed renal failure. During follow-up all developed elevated DNA binding levels and arthralgia or lymphopenia. The ARA classification criteria for lupus were only fulfilled at this late stage.
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PMID:Lupus-like nephritis heralding the definitive manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus. 387 72

One hundred twenty-seven biopsy specimens from clinically normal light-protected skin of 88 patients with active and inactive lupus erythematosus (LE) were examined for deposits of IgG, IgM, IgA, and C3 at the dermal-epidermal junction (DEJ). Deposits were found in 91% of those with active disease and in 33% of those with inactive disease. The finding of such deposits reflected active disease just as did a decrease in serum C3 and C4 levels, elevated anti-double-stranded DNA, the presence of LE cells, lymphopenia, and an elevation of the ESR. The presence or absence of deposits in repeated biopsy specimens indicated changing disease activity, as estimated clinically, just as did changes in the other variables mentioned. Neither immunoreactants in skin nor any other laboratory abnormality reflected renal disease or other type of organ involvement. Deposits of IgG were not more commonly found in patients with renal disease.
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PMID:The lupus band test as a measure of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus. 710 27

Data on the clinical and laboratory profile of 39 male lupus patients has been analysed. An attempt has been made to (1) delineate the pattern of SLE in Indian males, (2) compare it with that reported in the world literature, (3) find out differences, if any, between male children and adults with the disease, and (4) compare it with our previously published data on Indian females with SLE. Several important points were brought out in this study. First, SLE in Indian males has an earlier age of disease onset, a higher incidence of mucocutaneous and renal involvement and a lower incidence of neuropsychiatric, gastrointestinal and hematological disease in comparison to those published from the developed countries. Second, leucopenia and lymphopenia, a reflection of disease severity, occur significantly more in male children compared with adults. Thrombocytopenia is exclusively noted in adult males and virtually non-existent in children. Third, male patients overall have a less severe form of the disease in comparison with their female counterpart, as was evident by significantly less patients with hypocomplementemia, diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis and psychosis. Finally, a higher frequency of infection, particularly tuberculosis, was seen in male patients, which was the cause of death in some.
Lupus 1994 Jun
PMID:SLE in Indian men: analysis of the clinical and laboratory features with a review of the literature. 795 3

Autoantibodies to Ro/SSA occur in nearly half of the patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and are associated with lymphopenia, photosensitive dermatitis, and pulmonary and renal disease, which suggests that they have an immunopathologic role. The majority of Ro/SSA precipitin-positive patients produce serum antibodies that bind to the 60-kD and 52-kD Ro/SSA proteins. We previously isolated and determined the nucleotide sequence of a cDNA clone that encodes the 52-kD form of the human Ro/SSA protein. In the present study, we have determined the chromosomal location of the gene by in situ hybridization to the end of the short arm of chromosome 11. Hybridization of portions of the cDNA probe to restriction enzyme-digested DNA indicated the gene is composed of at least three exons. The exon encoding the putative zinc fingers of this protein was found to be distinct from that which encodes the leucine zipper. An RFLP of this gene was identified and is associated with the presence of lupus, primarily in black Americans.
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PMID:The mapping of the human 52-kD Ro/SSA autoantigen gene to human chromosome 11, and its polymorphisms. 809 96


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