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Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study describes a series of immunological investigations carried out on a group of 37 HIV-seropositive children, aged 3-4 years, in two different stages of disease defined according to the CDC classification; the Primary stage, an asymptomatic one, showing abnormal immune function (P1-Class, B-Subclass) and the Secondary stage, 6-8 months later, in which patients exhibited non-specific findings, i.e., loss of weight, persistent generalized lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly, associated with abnormal immune function (P2-Class, A-Subclass). In both stages, immune function was considered 'abnormal' when lymphopenia and a decrease of the CD4/CD8-cell ratio were found. The phenotypes CD16+/56+ (NK) and HLA-DR+/CD3+ (T-activated?)-positive cells, were assessed by flow cytometry, and the following supplementary systemic humoral markers were investigated in homologus serum samples; total HIV(gp)-antibody, HIV(p24)-antibody and p24-antigen presence. If at the primary stage, no significant difference from to the reference values corresponding to the age was noticed, at the Secondary stage the obtained data is presented separately in two subgroups, namely the A-subgroup characterized by the presence of total HIV(gp)-antibody, the presence of HIV(p24)-antibody and the absence of p24-antigenaemia, and the B-subgroup, where total HIV(gp)-antibody was present, HIV(p24)-antibody absent and p24-antigenaemia present. A significant decrease of CD16+/56+ (NK)-cells was found within the two subgroups. As far as HLA-DR+ from CD(3+)-cells was concerned, only those within the B-subgroup showed a high percentage level, compared to the reference values. The importance of the present findings, linked to immune monitoring of HIV infection among children, is discussed.
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PMID:Changes of blood CD16/CD56 (NK) and HLA-DR/CD3-positive lymphocyte amounts in HIV-infected children, as related to clinical progression and p24-antigen/p24-antibody presence. 752 81

An acute clinical picture of variable intensity may occur during the initial primary phase of HIV infection, it may however pass unnoticed. We report 12 seronegative subjects (11 male homosexuals, 1 female heterosexual, aged 18 to 44 years old), that presented an acute clinical picture preceding seroconversion. All had a sudden beginning, resembling an acute mononucleosis in 10 and with an aseptic meningitis in two. Intensity and duration were variable, lasting a mean of 14 (range 5-44) days an remaining asymptomatic thereafter. Most patients presented a discrete leukopenia with lymphopenia at the expense of CD4 lymphocytes, followed by an absolute lymphocytosis in some, with an increase in CD8 lymphocytes. All became positive for HIV; circulating HIV antigen was identified in three and IgM anti-HIV antibodies were detected during the symptomatic period by third generation ELISA in other three. It is concluded that the clinical picture of primary HIV infection has identifiable clinical serological and immunological features and its recognition has diagnostic and preventive implications.
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PMID:[Primary HIV infection. Clinical and serologic characteristics]. 756 49

Idiopathic CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia (ICL) in HIV-seronegative patients is a newly described, rare entity. The common underlying abnormality is a usually stable depletion in CD4+ lymphocytes in patients, some of which have unexplained opportunistic infections. We present a previously unreported condition of an asymptomatic individual with CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia and a selective IgA deficiency. The subject is a 35-year-old healthy white male with a documented 5-year history of low CD4+ T cell counts. He has been repeatedly HIV seronegative and has no risk factors for HIV infection. Data were obtained from several laboratories over a 5-year period and include standard WBC differentials, HIV testing, serum immunoglobulin quantitation, mitogen stimulation assays, diphtheria and tetanus antitoxin titers, and flow cytometric immunophenotyping. The composite results show a subject with a normal white blood cell count, an absolute lymphopenia, a slight granulocytosis, and a selective IgA deficiency. Leukocyte subset analyses show essentially normal B but significantly altered T cell phenotypes. The normal CD4:CD8 ratio shows extreme inversion, primarily due to CD4 T-lymphocytopenia.
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PMID:Idiopathic CD4+ T-lymphocytopenia: analysis of a patient with selective IgA deficiency and no evidence of HIV infection. 758 32

Twenty-seven ovarian cancer patients were observed for twenty-four months. The patients were grouped as follows: Group I-with complete (CR) or partial remission (PR), Group II-with stable disease (SD), Group III-with progression (PD) of the disease. In all patients, T lymphocyte phenotypes were estimated in peritoneal fluid (PF) and in peripheral blood (PB). No differences were observed in either PF and PBT (CD3+) cell percentages among the examined groups of patients. A slight increase was noted in the percentage of CD4+ cells upon transition from the remission group to the groups with less favourable outcome of treatment. The increase was observed both in PB and in PF but only the latter showed statistically significant changes. On the contrary, percentage of T-cytotoxic/suppressor (CD8+) lymphocytes decreased upon transition from patients with the remission to those with stable disease and those with progression. These changes strongly affected the CD4/CD8 ratio. In PF, CD4/CD8 ratios were 2.13 +/- 0.9 and 4.18 +/- 1.6 in Group II and III, respectively (p < 0.01). In PB, the ratios were 1.88 +/- 1.1, 1.75 +/- 0.6, and 4.32 +/- 1.5 in Groups I, II and III respectively (Group I vs. Group III p < 0.01, Group II vs. Group III p < 0.01). During the study, five patients died due to ovarian cancer. In retrospective analysis, these patients showed progressive increase in CD4/CD8 ratio of PFT cells. Just before death, the ratio demonstrated an abrupt increase. In conclusion, the estimation of CD4+ and CD8+ cells as well as calculation of CD4/CD8 ratio for lymphocytes of peripheral blood and peritoneal fluid seems helpful in monitoring disease progression in ovarian cancer patients.
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PMID:The usefulness of CD4/CD8 ratio evaluation in monitoring of ovarian cancer patients. 774 18

In 13 middle-aged, moderately trained men (40-60 yr) we investigated the influence of anaerobic training on immunological parameters measured at rest. The 4 week anaerobic training program (two 30-min sessions weight lifting and one interval training per week; lactate levels 4-6 mM and 8-10 mM, respectively), caused a significant increase of the mean arm muscle force by 7% (handgrip test, p < 0.05). Evaluation of lymphocyte subsets was performed by means of three-colour immunofluorescence analysis (FACS). After 4 weeks of training we found a significant reduction of the CD4+ T-cell counts by 15% (p < 0.05) paralleled by a fall of naive cells (CD3+/CD4+/CD45RA+) by 16%, which, however, was statistically not significant. While percentages of CD3+ lymphocytes decreased significantly by 6% (p < 0.001), absolute numbers of CD3+ T-lymphocytes were not detectably affected and also the relative ratio of CD8+ T-cell subsets, i.e. the ratio of suppressor vs cytotoxic T-cells (CD3+/CD8+/CD11b+, CD3+/CD8+/CD11b- respectively) remained unchanged. Likewise the serum concentrations of the soluble CD8 and CD4 antigen (sCD8/sCD4) as determined by sandwich enzyme immunoassays were found to be unaffected. We conclude that 40-60 years old healthy human subjects performing anaerobic training experience on average a significant decrease of circulating CD4+ T-lymphocytes, while other parameters including the activation parameters sCD8 and sCD4 remained unchanged.
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PMID:Lymphocyte subpopulations and concentrations of soluble CD8 and CD4 antigen after anaerobic training. 775 Oct 74

Recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO) is recognized to be effective in the treatment of anemia in patients on chronic dialysis. However, studies on the influence of r-HuEPO on the immune system are currently limited and inconsistent. In order to clarify the alteration of T and B lymphocyte subpopulations in patients on CAPD following administration of r-HuEPO, the changes in the expression of HLA-DR, IL2R and CD4/CD8 ratio in the peripheral blood of CAPD patients were evaluated using flow cytometry. In addition, the production of immunoglobulins in peripheral lymphocytes by enzyme immunoassays in 30 CAPD outpatients with anemia, who were treated with r-HuEPO in Tokai University Hospital, was also studied. The dose of r-HuEPO was 6,000 IU in 13 patients in group I and 9,000 IU in 17 patients in group II. The r-HuEPO was given subcutaneously once a week for up to 9 weeks. The level of hematocrit increase significantly following treatment with r-HuEPO. The numbers of lymphocytes and their CD4/CD8 ratios in peripheral blood showed no significant changes after administration of r-HuEPO. The count of HLA-DR-positive T lymphocytes increased significantly and the count of IL2R-positive T lymphocytes decreased and normalized after administration of r-HuEPO. In comparison with healthy controls, basal formation of IgG, IgA and IgM was decreased significantly in PBMC from patients on CAPD. Following treatment with r-HuEPO, the production of IgG, IgA and IgM in PBMC from CAPD patients did not show any significant changes. In conclusion, this study suggested that the administration of r-HuEPO altered T lymphocyte function and also corrected anemia in CAPD patients.
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PMID:[Numerical and functional alterations in T and B lymphocyte subpopulations in CAPD patients treated with recombinant human erythropoietin]. 781 48

A 79-year-old woman of Mediterranean ascent suffered from corticosteroid-dependent chronic obstructive lung disease, hypogammaglobulinemia (IgG 1 and 2), decreased CD16 natural killer cell function and non-HIV related CD4 and CD8 lymphopenia. Such immunodeficiency could be either a variant of common variable immunodeficiency or an early stage of the idiopathic CD4 + T lymphocytopenia syndrome. She developed bilateral lesions of Kaposi's sarcoma on the lower extremities resembling the classic European type of the disease. The tumors contained both CD34 + and Factor XIIIa + cells. The HLA-DR5 haplotype was not found. Weekly low intravenous dosages of vinblastine improved the lesions but the patient died from pontic infarction.
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PMID:[Kaposi's disease in a female patient with acquired HIV-negative immunodeficiency]. 783 Dec 65

CD2 is a glycoprotein expressed on the surface of human T cells that mediates adhesion between T cells and antigen presenting cells. CD2 also functions in concert with the T cell receptor to transduce signals that lead to T cell activation. The CD8 and CD4 molecules are transmembrane glycoproteins that are expressed on mutually exclusive populations of mature T cells and bind to determinants on major histocompatibility complex class I and class II molecules respectively. Like CD2, CD4 and CD8 function to promote adhesion between T cells and antigen presenting cells and potentiate signaling via the T cell receptor. We studied a patient with idiopathic lymphopenia and disseminated infection with Mycobacterium avium. The patient also suffered from recurrent deep venous thrombosis in association with anticardiolipin and anti-DNA antibodies. Peripheral blood T cells from this patient were polyclonal and expressed no detectable CD2 RNA or protein as determined by northern blotting, immunofluorescent staining with anti-CD2 antibodies, and failure to form rosettes with sheep red blood cells. In addition, the majority (85%) of this patient's T cells did not express either CD4 or CD8 but did express the alpha/beta T cell receptor. T cells from this patient failed to respond to stimulation with alloantigen or specific antigen. In contrast, there was a normal response to stimulation with immobilized anti-CD3 antibody. The clinical and immunologic findings in this patient provide in vivo evidence that the accessory molecules CD2, CD4, and CD8 play important roles in the regulation of normal human T cell activation.
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PMID:A unique syndrome of immunodeficiency and autoimmunity associated with absent T cell CD2 expression. 788 63

In a community survey of 312 children aged 3-6 years in urban Guinea-Bissau, we examined Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia and T cell subsets. 183 children (59%) had parasites in their blood, 13 had fever > or = 37.5 degrees C, and 9 (3%) had fever and a parasite density > 5000/microL (clinical malaria). Compared with children with no parasitaemia or asymptomatic parasitaemia, children with acute malaria had lymphopenia and significantly lower total CD4 and CD8 cell counts, but there was no significant difference in white blood cell count percentages of CD4 and CD8 cells, or the CD4/CD8 ratio. Children with parasitaemia but without fever had a significantly lower percentage of CD4 cells than children without parasites (P = 0.031), but did not differ in any other haematological index. Controlling for other factors, the CD4 cell percentage was inversely correlated with the density of malaria parasites (P = 0.024), whereas there was no association with CD8 cell percentage or the CD4/CD8 ratio. Asymptomatic parasitaemia may be an important confounder in general community studies of T cell subsets in the tropics.
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PMID:A community study of T lymphocyte subsets and malaria parasitaemia. 788 82

No single laboratory examination is diagnostic. On the other hand, such examinations support the diagnosis and aid in management of treated patients. In the serum, there is lymphopenia with a lowered CD4/CD8 ratio. An increase in beta 2-microglobulin and in the soluble IL-2 receptor reflect T lymphocyte activation. A classic observation is hypercalcaemia with hypercalciuria. The increase in angiotensin I converting enzyme reflects the body granulomatous mass. The results of bronchoalveolar lavage show the characteristics of the alveolitis associated with granulomatosis, accumulation of CD4+ T lymphocytes and activated alveolar macrophages. In practice, biochemical anomalies are of interest in the follow-up of treated patients.
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PMID:[Biological tests in sarcoidosis: contribution to diagnosis and surveillance]. 798 99


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