Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Lymphopenia is a recognized but poorly studied feature of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We set out to establish the prevalence and significance of lymphopenia in RA. A group of 66 RA patients was studied for one year. During this time 10 (15%) had persistent lymphopenia (lymphocyte count less than 1.00 X 10(9)/l) without evidence of Felty's syndrome. A separate study of lymphocyte subsets in 13 lymphopenic RA patients showed marked reduction in T-cell numbers with normal circulating B-cell numbers. The numbers of CD4 and CD8 positive T-cells were equally depressed. Lymphopenia may indicate more severe disease. It was not influenced by changes in disease activity or therapy.
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PMID:Lymphopenia in rheumatoid arthritis. 277 79

The in vitro functional activity of bovine peripheral blood lymphocytes and the population dynamics of the major peripheral blood leukocyte subpopulations were investigated following the administration of recombinant bovine interferon-alpha I1 (rBoIFN-alpha I1). The intramuscular injection of rBoIFN-alpha I1 induced a 24-h lymphopenia characterized by a decrease in both circulating T and non-T/non-B lymphocytes. An increased CD4/CD8 ratio indicated that there was a relatively greater depletion of the CD8 equivalent subpopulation of T lymphocytes. These changes in lymphocyte trafficking were observed in the absence of a cortisolemia. Coincidental with the lymphopenia, there was a marked decrease in the amplitude of mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation responses that probably was caused by a numerical deficit rather than functional deficit in the responder T cells.
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PMID:Bovine peripheral blood leukocyte population dynamics following treatment with recombinant bovine interferon-alpha I1. 278 77

Accumulation of inflammatory and immune cells within lung parenchyma would constitute the initial step in producing the alveolar structural abnormalities. It is usually assumed that alveolitis, as assessed by broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL), represents a biological assessment of lung disease activity. The aim of this study, using monoclonal antibodies, is to characterize the T lymphocytes alveolitis in the lung and in peripheral blood in 3 well-defined populations: 1 degree) control subjects (n = 7); 2 degrees) patients with biopsy proven mediastino-pulmonary sarcoidosis (sarc) (n = 73), classified according to their clinical activity as active, inactive, chronic, and treated; 3 degrees) patients with extrinsic alveolar alveolitis (EAA) (n = 19). For the same BAL volume, the % of CD4+ cells and the CD4/CD8 ratio are increased in chronic and active sarc, contrasting with an increase in the % of CD8+ cells and a decrease in the CD4/CD8 ratio in the EAA. In absolute values, there are 2 times as many CD4+ cells and 5 times as many CD8+ cells in EAA than in sarcoidosis. In sarcoidosis, corticotherapy tends to normalize the CD4/CD8 ratio although the intensity of the lymphocytic alveolitis is not affected. In the peripheral blood, lymphopenia is observed only in the active form of sarc. in the CD4+ population, without any significant change in the CD4/CD8 ratio compared to the other groups. The number and distributions of BAL. T lymphocytes subsets may constitute a biological indicator for diagnostic orientation, but they do not distinguish sufficiently between the different groups of sarcoidosis to be of any prognostic value.
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PMID:[T lymphocyte subsets in alveolar lavage and peripheral blood in sarcoidosis and extrinsic allergic alveolitis]. 296 92

Forty-one patients with Hodgkin's disease staged as IA(4), IIA/B(4/6) IIIA/B(6/9) and IVA/B(3/9) who had had radiotherapy (subtotal nodal irradiation (STNI) or total nodal irradiation (TNI), or combined one (STNI/TNI plus chemotherapy MOPP or MOPP/ABVD) have been enrolled consequently and randomized to receive thymic hormone (17 patients) or pentapeptide treatment (14 patients) for 3-6 months at the end of the therapeutic regimens. In all patients severe immunodeficiency evaluated either as leukopenia (WBC less than 4000/mm3) or lymphocytopenia (lymphocytes less than 1500/mm3) or CD3 and CD2 cell reduction, or imbalance of helper/suppressor (H/S) ratio have been documented before starting thymic therapy. Different results by immunorestorative therapy have been registered according to the entity of immunodeficiency. In fact in the group of 15 patients with severe lymphopenia (lymphocytes less than 1000/mm3) either the thymic hormone or the synthetic drug produced a significant increase of all subsets examined: CD3-CD2-CD4-CD8 without or with minimal influence on H/S ratio, due to the increase of absolute lymphocytes count. In the remaining patients with mild or no lymphopenia the two drugs resulted ineffective on T cells. Comparing the overall group of patients who received thymic therapy with a control group of patients who did not, an advantage in terms of recruitment of T cell compartment has been observed in the former group when mean values are compared. According to the clinical impact of the immunotherapy with thymic substances on these patients, a significant decrease in incidence of herpes virus infection (HVI) has been observed in patients who had had thymic therapy compared with the incidence of HVI in the control group (18% versus 53.8%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The effect of thymic substances on T circulating cells of patients treated for Hodgkin's disease. 307 27

A derivative of ammonia caramel colour (AC) is known to induce a selective lymphopenia in rats. Accordingly, the haematological effects were studied in mice of oral administration in drinking water of 2-acetyl-4(5)-tetrahydroxybutylimidazole (THI), the component of AC responsible for lymphopenia. Initially five groups of BALB/c mice (five mice per group) were given doses of THI ranging from 0 to 200 parts/10(6) and bled weekly. Doses of THI from 5 to 100 parts/10(6) had no effect on circulating leucocytes over 6 weeks, but lymphopenia occurred with 200 parts/10(6). An increase in the concentration of THI to 400 parts/10(6) in the group on the lowest dose resulted in lymphopenia. An increase in dosage in two groups of mice, to 1000 and 2000 parts/10(6), resulted in marked lymphopenia. The number of neutrophils, eosinophils and monocytes remained unchanged throughout the experiment. Measurement of the proportions of CD4(L3T4)+ and CD8(Ly2)+ lymphocytes in lymph nodes from mice on high doses of THI did not show a selective depression of either subset, although both were increased relative to non-T cells. THI causes a selective lymphopenia in mice, as in rats, but at relatively higher doses, and merits investigation in mice as an experimental treatment for states of lymphocyte excess or overactivity.
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PMID:Lymphopenic effects on mice of a component of ammonia caramel, 2-acetyl-4(5)-tetrahydroxybutylimidazole (THI). 314 40

The quantitation of cells bearing CD3, CD4, CD8, and B cell phenotypic markers, as well as an estimation of serum immunoglobulin (Ig)G, IgA, and IgM, was carried out in a group of 39 glioma patients with different grades of malignancy. The findings were compared with those obtained from 21 normal healthy control subjects. The analysis revealed a significant decrease both in the absolute numbers and in the percentages of circulating CD3+ (p less than 0.001) and CD4+ (p less than 0.001) cells, while the CD8+ and Pan B+ cells remained within the normal range irrespective of the type and grade of tumor. The CD4+:CD8+ ratio was significantly decreased in all categories of patients. The CD4 lymphopenia was also evident in 10 patients who had no history of previous immunosuppressive drug therapy (steroids and anticonvulsants) until the commencement of the study. The Ig levels were within the normal range in patients with malignant astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme, whereas a three- and fourfold increase in the IgM level was observed in patients with astrocytoma. It is suggested that T cell lymphopenia in glioma patients could mainly be due to a selective depletion of CD4+ cells and that it occurs principally as a reaction to the tumor.
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PMID:Imbalances in T cell subpopulations in human gliomas. 325 64

Serum and CSF from 32 patients with idiopathic ALS, 30 age-matched controls and 30 MS patients were investigated regarding immunoglobulin concentration and virus-specific antibodies, the lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and lymphocyte subsets were also investigated. ALS patients' results were compared with findings in MS and controls. The ALS patients had significantly higher IgG concentration in serum than the controls, marked lymphopenia, reduction of CD2, CD8 and Leu 7 positive cells and increase of the CD4/CD8 ratio and of SIg-positive lymphocytes. Compared with the MS patients, the ALS patients showed similarity in T-subset distribution with a lower standard deviation. No HTLV-I and HIV antibodies were found in any group and no significant differences in antibody distribution to Toxoplasma G, herpes simplex, cytomegalovirus, measles and mumps viruses were evident. All ALS patients were investigated at an early disease stage, therefore, our findings seem to support the conclusion that the immune alterations are related to the mechanisms of the disease and not to complications of its evolution.
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PMID:Immunity assessment in the early stages of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a study of virus antibodies and lymphocyte subsets. 326 63

Immunological parameters in rhesus monkeys, resistant and susceptible to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), were studied. Monkeys immunized with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) alone and EAE resistant monkeys immunized with a low dose of bovine brain homogenate emulsified in CFA did not show significant fluctuations in numbers of granulocytes, lymphocytes and lymphocyte subsets (CD4; CD8; GM13, a subset of CD8) and anti-brain homogenate antibody titres remained low. EAE susceptible monkeys immunized with a high dose of myelin developed EAE significantly faster than monkeys immunized with a low dose of brain homogenate. During the induction phase all EAE susceptible monkeys, in contrast to the CFA controls and EAE resistant monkeys, showed an increase in the numbers of granulocytes and the CD4/CD8 ratios and had high antibody titres specific for the immunizing antigens. The most significant disease-related changes were observed after the onset of clinical signs. These included a granulocytosis, a lymphopenia and a decrease in the CD4/CD8 ratio, indicating a selective loss of CD4+ lymphocytes. A major difference between monkeys immunized with myelin and brain homogenate was the significant increase in the percentage of GM13+ lymphocytes after the onset of clinical signs in the latter group. Increases in the CD4/CD8 ratio and antibody titres during the induction phase may be prognostic factors for the subsequent development of EAE.
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PMID:Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in rhesus monkeys: I. Immunological parameters in EAE resistant and susceptible rhesus monkeys. 365 11

This study aimed to assess the influence of short-term therapy with recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) on selected parameters of humoral and cell mediated immunity in haemodialyzed uraemic patients (HDP). In 12 HDP before, and after 1 and 3 months of rhEPO therapy the following parameters were assessed: nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) test, NBT test after latex stimulation, number of B, T and CD4 and CD4- and CD8-positive T lymphocytes, serum concentrations of IgG, IgA and IgM. The number of granulocytes with a positive NBT test was significantly higher after 3 months of rhEPO therapy. The number of granulocytes with a positive NBT test after latex stimulation increase both after 1 and 3 months of rhEPO therapy but significantly only after 3 months of treatment. The number of CD4-positive T lymphocytes increased significantly after 3 months of rhEPO therapy, while the number of CD8-positive lymphocytes decreased significantly after 1 month of therapy. The CD4/CD8 ratio increased significantly after 3 months of rhEPO therapy. Serum IgA concentration increased significantly after 1 and 3 months, while serum IgG level only after 3 months of rhEPO therapy. From the results obtained in this study it follows that rhEPO therapy exerts a positive effect on function of both T and B lymphocytes in haemodialyzed uraemic patients.
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PMID:[The effect of short-term erythropoietin therapy on selected parameters of cell mediated and humoral immunity in hemodialyzed uremic patients]. 747 17

Some infants infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) rapidly develop a fatal disease characterized by a severe lymphopenia. To explain the immune dysfunction, we proposed a mechanism by which a nongeneration of CD4+ T cells is caused by HIV-1 infection of thymic cells. To examine this hypothesis, we infected primary triple-negative (TN; phenotypically CD3- CD4- CD8-), CD1a- TN, or CD1a+ TN thymic cell subsets. Our data indicate that by flow cytometry, TN, CD1a- TN, and CD1a+ TN cells remain CD4 negative throughout the culture period. We demonstrated that TN and CD1a+ TN thymic cell subsets are susceptible to HIV-1 as is the entire thymic cell population, whereas CD1a- TN cells are not. A limited number of infected TN cells are expressing HIV-1 but the level of transcription is very high in permissive cells, as detected by in situ hybridization. We then performed blocking experiments on TN cells to examine the mechanism of HIV-1 entry into these cells. CD4 (OKT4a) monoclonal antibody blocks their infection. Finally, infection experiments on two subpopulations of TN cells (CD2+ CD7+ and CD2- CD7-) indicate that infected TN cells may correspond to both immature thymocytes and thymic dendritic cells. These data are of particular interest since infection of thymic stromal cells might result in an impairment of T-cell differentiation, which may explain a nongeneration of functional CD4+ T-cell population in the thymus. This phenomenon may play a role in AIDS pathogenesis, in particular in infants born from seropositive mothers.
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PMID:Two subpopulations of human triple-negative thymic cells are susceptible to infection by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro. 751 58


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