Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a novel epidemic form of immunodeficiency that has been widely recognized within the last six years. AIDS is characterized by Kaposi's sarcoma, B cell lymphoma, and/or life-threatening opportunistic infections superimposed on an immune deficiency state which consists of lymphopenia with a selective depletion of the CD4 T cells. In addition, lymphocytes from AIDS patients show decreased responses to antigen or mitogen stimulation in vitro. Although the secondary infections and malignancies seen in these patients may be successfully treated, the underlying immune defect persists, leaving the patient susceptible to further complications.
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PMID:Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and neoplasia. 349 18

Bone marrow biopsies and smears were examined from 70 patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS related conditions: 32 patients with AIDS; 9, at risk, group patients with B-cell lymphoma; 22 patients with AIDS related complex (ARC) and 7, at risk, group patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). The first three groups showed similarity with respect to frequency of nonspecific findings: hypo and hypercellularity, marrow damage, lymphoid aggregates, histiocytosis, plasmacytosis and features of myelodysplasia. AFB and fungal organisms were present in the biopsies of 17 per cent of AIDS and 18 per cent of ARC patients. The organisms were associated with bone marrow granulomas or histiocytosis, peripheral lymphopenia and anemia. Only one out of 9 biopsies in patients with previous diagnoses of lymphoma showed involvement of the marrow. One case each of Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were discovered incidentally among the 22 biopsies from ARC patients without a previous diagnosis of lymphoma. Except for those presenting with ITP alone, bone marrow changes are similar in patients with AIDS and AIDS related conditions.
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PMID:A comparison of bone marrow findings in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS related conditions. 349 63

A 58-year-old woman with a 15-year history of chronic plaque psoriasis was diagnosed with gastric marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) type. Topical treatment and ultraviolet radiation for therapy of psoriasis had been of limited efficacy. The patient received intravenous treatment with 0.12 mg/kg per day of 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-CDA) over 5 days for management of MALT lymphoma, as it was resistant to eradication of Helicobacter pylori. A total of six cycles were administered from June 1999 until November 1999 (cumulative dose 244.8 mg 2-CDA). After 2 months of 2-CDA administration, psoriatic skin lesions improved significantly, and after 3 months, complete remission of skin lesions was observed. Ongoing complete remission of the MALT lymphoma could be achieved after six cycles of 2-CDA administration. After a follow-up period of 34 months, no recurrence of psoriatic lesions has occurred. The patient is at present free of psoriatic plaques and gastric MALT lymphoma. The course of disease in our patient provides evidence for sustained therapeutic efficacy of 2-CDA in chronic plaque psoriasis in the absence of severe side effects except asymptomatic lymphopenia.
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PMID:Complete remission of chronic plaque psoriasis and gastric marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of MALT type after treatment with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine. 1245 7

Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia (Waldmann's disease) is characterized by protein-losing enteropathy occurring more frequently in childhood. Chronic diarrhea and diffuse edema are the main clinical manifestations. Peripheral lymphedema may also be associated. Lymphedema is usually present at the time of diagnosis or appears later in the course of the disease. We report the observation of a 31-year-old man suffering from an upper, lower limb and genital lymphedema many years before diagnosis of primary intestinal lymphangiectasia was established. Lower limb lymphoscintigraphy confirmed lymphedema and duodenal biopsies lymphangiectasia. Hypoproteinemia, lymphopenia and hypogammaglobulinemia were also noted. Treatment of lymphedema included low stretch bandaging and elastic stocking. No dietary management with a low-fat diet was added. Search for primary intestinal lymphangiectasia with biological parameters would be useful when primary lymphedema is present. Especially since primary intestinal lymphangiectasia may be complicated by occurrence of B cell lymphoma.
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PMID:[Limb lymphedema as a first manifestation of primary intestinal lymphangiectasia (Waldmann's disease)]. 1522 6

Lymphoma is a common cancer of dogs that frequently is treated with chemotherapy or radiation therapy. Response to therapy is variable and currently available diagnostic tests do not reliably predict response to therapy. Treatment for lymphoma often results in lymphopenia, but it is unknown whether the changes in circulating lymphocytes result from generalized or specific reduction of lymphocytes. In this study, blood lymphocytes from 12 clinically healthy dogs, 10 dogs in remission because of treatment for B-cell lymphoma, and 8 dogs in remission from T-cell lymphoma were analyzed by flow cytometry by using a panel of 20 antibodies reactive with canine leukocyte antigens. Results identified similar lymphocyte parameters in treated dogs regardless of the type of lymphoma. Treated dogs had >50% reduction in blood lymphocyte concentration, and an absolute decrease in most subsets of lymphocytes. Both groups of treated dogs had relative increases in the proportion of CD3+, T-cell receptor (TCR)alphabeta+, and CD90+ lymphocytes, and a decreased proportion of CD45RA+ cells. In addition, dogs with T-cell lymphoma in remission had a significant increase in the proportion of CD49d+ lymphocytes. These findings were interpreted as representing likely suppression of lymphocyte regeneration by chemotherapy, with a relative increase in the proportion of memory over naive lymphocytes. Lack of correlation with the T- or B-cell origin of the initial lymphoma suggested that, by using flow cytometric methods, residual circulating neoplastic cells could not be detected. However, the changes in the lymphocyte profile of dogs treated with chemotherapy may have relevance to their immunocompetence.
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PMID:The immunophenotype of peripheral blood lymphocytes in clinically healthy dogs and dogs with lymphoma in remission. 1582 63

Lymphocytopenia has been reported to confer adverse outcomes in a number of hematological malignancies. Recently, it has been reported to be associated with poor outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of lymphocytopenia at diagnosis in patients with DLBCL, and to confirm its significance as a prognostic factor, particularly in relation to the international prognostic index (IPI). Medical and laboratory records of 165 patients diagnosed with DLBCL were retrieved and analysed. Lymphocyte counts were correlated with overall survival and role as a prognostic marker independent of IPI was determined. Lymphocytopenia (lymphocyte count <or=1x10(9)/L) was noted in 35.8%; it correlated adversely with overall survival (3.4 years vs. 10.3 years, p=0.002). A Cox regression model established that the prognostic significance was independent of the IPI.
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PMID:Lymphocytopenia as a prognostic marker for diffuse large B cell lymphomas. 1846 3

To induce mixed chimerism and renal allograft tolerance in cynomolgus monkeys, cyclophosphamide (CP) and total body irradiation (TBI) were compared as part of a nonmyeloablative conditioning regimen. CP induced dose-dependent neutropenia and lymphopenia, but hematopoietic recovery was more rapid than that observed in the TBI group. Absolute B cell counts after CP were significantly higher (P<0.01) than those in the TBI group. With CP, a total dose of 200 mg/kg with CD154 blockade regularly induced multilineage chimerism. Nevertheless, the recipients failed to achieve long-term survival because of rejection (3 of 5), posttransplantation B cell lymphoma (1 of 5), and toxicities of CP (1 of 5). As previously reported, 3 Gy of TBI with either splenectomy or CD154 blockade induced mixed chimerism and renal allograft tolerance, with significantly less morbidity and mortality than that produced by CP. Thus, TBI is more effective and less toxic than CP as part of a nonmyeloablative regimen for the induction of mixed chimerism and renal allograft tolerance in cynomolgus monkeys.
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PMID:Limited efficacy and unacceptable toxicity of cyclophosphamide for the induction of mixed chimerism and renal allograft tolerance in cynomolgus monkeys. 1872 33

Bryostatin 1, isolated from a marine bryozoan, enhances the efficacy of cytotoxic agents through modulation of the protein kinase C pathway and is active in combination with vincristine for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Further, the apoptotic frequency of peripheral blood T lymphocytes as determined by flow cytometry may predict which patients will respond to this combination. We tested the efficacy and safety of bryostatin 1 50 microg/m(2) given over 24 hr and vincristine 1.4 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 15 every 28 days in aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) relapsing after autologous stem cell transplantation. End points included tumor response, toxicity, and survival. Responses were correlated with an increase in apoptotic frequency of CD5+ cells by flow cytometry using annexin V staining. Fourteen patients were enrolled with 13 being evaluable for a response. The overall response rate was 31% with two patients achieving a complete response. The most common toxicities were Grade 3 lymphopenia (seven patients), Grade 3 to 4 neutropenia (two patients), and Grade 3 hypophosphatemia (two patients). Median progression-free and overall survivals for all patients were 5.7 and 21.4 months, respectively. One patient demonstrated an increase in T-cell apoptotic frequency, also achieving a complete response. Bryostatin 1 and vincristine have efficacy in select patients with aggressive NHL. Future investigations of agents targeting the protein kinase C pathway may benefit from early response assessment using flow cytometry to evaluate T-cell apoptosis.
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PMID:Phase II study of bryostatin 1 and vincristine for aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma relapsing after an autologous stem cell transplant. 1953 46

A specific predictor during routine follow-up to ascertain risk for postautologous peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (post-APHSCT) relapse in non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) has not been identified. Thus, we studied if new-onset lymphopenia measured by the absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) was a marker of post-APHSCT NHL relapse. ALC was obtained at the time of confirmed relapse, and at last follow-up with no relapse. From 1993 until 2005, 269 patients treated with APHSCT for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) were included in this study. Patients at last follow-up without relapse (N=137) had a higher ALC compared with those with low ALC at the time of confirmed relapsed (N=132) (median ALC x10(9)/L of 1.66 versus 0.71, P < .0001, respectively). ALC at follow-up was a strong predictor for relapse with an area under the curve (AUC)=0.86 (P < .0001). An ALC <1.0 x 10(9)/L at the time of confirmed relapse had a positive predictive value of 89% and a positive likelihood ratio of 8.4 to predict relapse post-APHSCT. Patients with an ALC > or =1.0 x 10(9)/L (N=147) had a cumulative incidence of relapse of 19% versus 92%, with an ALC <1.0 x 10(9)/L (N=122) (P < .0001). This study suggests that new-onset lymphopenia measured by ALC can be used as marker to assess risk of DLBCL relapse during routine follow-up for after APHSCT.
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PMID:New-onset lymphopenia assessed during routine follow-up is a risk factor for relapse postautologous peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. 1988 76

Lymphocytopenia is a poor prognostic marker in initial staging of non- Hodgkin lymphomas (below 1.0 x 10(9)/l) and Hodgkin lymphoma (below 0.6 x 10(9)/l) and in relapsed diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Early lymphocyte recovery > or =0.5 x 10(9)/l after autologous and allogeneic stem cell transplantation is a significant predictor of tumor control and survival in lymphomas. Natural killer cells are involved in tumor cell killing and are the only subset of lymphocytes associated with disease outcome in initial staging and after autologous stem cell transplantation in lymphomas. The antitumor effect of various NK cell subsets should be defined.
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PMID:Prognostic significance of absolute lymphocyte count and lymphocyte subsets in lymphomas. 2035 33


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