Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The response of the pony to increasing doses of Escherichia coli endotoxin was evaluated using intravenous and intraperitoneal administration models. Marked changes were seen in all parameters measured following endotoxin administration. Leukopenia (neutropenia, lymphopenia) and thrombocytopenia were not dose-dependent. Similarly, elevated plasma fibrinogen and altered glucose concentrations (hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia), pyrexia and increased lactate/pyruvate ratios were apparent at all endotoxin doses but were not dose related. The widely used packed cell volume and capillary refill time, we well as blood lactate and possibly serum beta-glucuronidase, were increased in a dose-related manner.
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PMID:Dose-response of ponies to parenteral Escherichia coli endotoxin. 702 Aug 94

We report a case of inadvertent administration of over twice the usual dose of methyl-CCNU. The patient exhibited an early onset of bone marrow suppression. Profound pancytopenia, including lymphopenia, persisted for over seven weeks, Although early recovery started at about five weeks. Permanent marrow damage was indicated by persistent thrombocytopenia and abnormal megakaryocyte morphology at autopsy, some six months after the single exposure to methyl-CCNU. There was no discernible toxicity to lung, liver, or kidneys. The case suggests that the cummulative bone marrow toxicity seen with nitrosoureas is not dose-schedule sensitive. There is also evidence suggesting that high dose nitrosourea therapy affects a bone marrow target population other than the early stem cell target affected by usual doses of these drugs.
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PMID:Toxicity of very high dose nitrosourea administration. 711

A clinical syndrome of transient maculopapular rash with associated eosinophilia, thrombocytopenia, and mild lymphopenia developed in 21 of 35 (60%) neonates receiving both intrauterine transfusions and postnatal exchange transfusions, and six of 17 (35%) neonates receiving multiple exchange transfusions for erythroblastosis fetalis. This syndrome did not develop in infants who received intrauterine transfusions without exchange transfusions or single exchange transfusions without prior intrauterine ones. Patients with this rash and associated laboratory abnormalities did not progress to acute or chronic graft-vs-host disease, and on follow-up examinations were alive and well.
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PMID:Posttransfusion syndrome. Rash, eosinophilia, and thrombocytopenia following intrauterine and exchange transfusions. 720 Dec 37

Kappa, lambda and iota carrageenans were administered i.p. (125 mg/kg) to groups of Sprague-Dawley rats. Each carrageenan (but especially kappa and lambda) caused thrombocytopenia and red-cell damage, particularly burring, within 2 days. This was followed by rebound thrombocytosis and persistent anaemia, accompanied by a reticulocytosis. A 2-fold increase in fibrinogen was observed at 24 or 48 h. All groups showed a leucopenia at 1 h, then a progressive leucocytosis, maximal at 48 h (kappa and lambda) or Day 7 (iota). Between 1 and 24 h there was a significant lymphopenia, followed by lymphocytosis (kappa and lambda) including Turk cells and pronounced neutrophilia in all groups. Monocytosis occurred in response to each carrageenan on Days 2-4 (kappa) or Day 7 (lambda and iota). Injection of kappa carrageenan was characterized by the presence (up to Day 7) of carrageenan-positive material, in the form of floccules, within the peripheral blood, and by Day 7 the appearance of histiocyte-type macrophages which exhibited haemo-phagocytosis. In the lambda group, carrageenan-positive granules were observed in the cytoplasm of mononuclear cells throughout the experimental period. No intracellular carrageenan was demonstrable in peripheral blood in the iota group or within neutrophils of any of the injected animals. Overall marrow cellularity was not altered by carrageenan, but small numbers of kappa- and lambda-containing macrophages were identified. Splenomegaly was consistently observed and in histological section carrageenan-positive macrophages were detected in the red pulp, particularly in the lambda group.
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PMID:Haematological changes following systemic injection of purified carrageenans (kappa, lambda and iota). 729 47

A putative retrovirus was isolated from a dog with a severe, acquired immunodeficiency-like syndrome. The haematological abnormalities and immunological deficiencies included anaemia, leucopenia (lymphopenia and neutropenia), thrombocytopenia, decreased humoral immunity, and ineffective T-cell responses in-vitro. The necropsy findings included generalized lymphoid depletion, severe bone marrow hypoplasia, plasmacytic infiltrates in lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs, and severe secondary infections. Supernates of peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures from the affected dog contained an agent with manganese-dependent reverse transcriptase (RT) activity that sedimented at a density of 1.122 g/ml. RT activity was also found post-mortem in extracts prepared from the bone marrow, lymph nodes, and small intestine. The lymph nodes and small intestine expressed a 3.8 kb mRNA that was recognized by a bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) pol DNA probe by Northern blotting. DNA isolated from the lymph nodes and small intestine from the affected dog showed distinct band patterns by Southern analysis, suggesting an exogenous retrovirus. The retrovirus could be propagated in normal canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells or short-term canine lymphocyte cell lines in-vitro, and was cytopathogenic for cells of canine, but not human, origin. These results suggest the existence of a pathogenic canine retrovirus capable of producing disease of the type associated with retroviruses in other species.
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PMID:Retrovirus-like activity in an immunosuppressed dog: pathological and immunological findings. 753 63

Lifetime follow-up of USTUR Case 246 demonstrated the lack of severe biological effects resulting from his exposure to 241Am. Deterministic effects observed were limited to hematological changes, including lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia. These hematological changes were consistent with those observed in experimental animals following actinide exposure. Cataracts were removed from the left and right eyes at 547 and 1,030 d after the accident, respectively, but were considered to be trauma-induced rather than radiation-induced. No abnormal findings were reported from gross or histological examinations of tissue samples removed at autopsy, other than those resulting from the subject's preexisting cardiovascular disease.
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PMID:Deterministic effects of 241Am exposure in the Hanford Americium accident case. 763 30

Infection of naive North American horses with 10(4) cell culture infectious doses (CCID50) of virulence variants of African horsesickness virus (AHSV), designated AHSV/4SP, AHSV/9PI, and AHSV/4PI, reproduced three classical forms of African horsesickness: acute (pulmonary), subacute (cardiac), and febrile, respectively. Distinct clinicopathologic and hemostatic abnormalities were associated with each form of disease. Hemostatic abnormalities included increased concentration of fibrin degradation products and prolongation of prothrombin, activated partial thromboplastin, and thrombin clotting times. Hemostatic findings indicated activation of the coagulation and fibrinolytic systems with clotting factor consumption in acute and subacute cases of African horsesickness. Hematologic abnormalities in acute and subacute cases of African horsesickness included leukopenia, decreased platelet counts, elevated hematocrit, and increased erythrocyte counts and hemoglobin concentration. Leukopenia was characterized by lymphopenia, neutropenia, and a left shift. Increased levels of serum creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase, hypocalcemia, hypoalbuminemia, hypoproteinemia, and elevated creatinine, phosphorus, and total bilirubin levels were present in some but not all horses. Metabolic acidosis, indicated by decreased total bicarbonate and increased lactate and anion gap, was present in horses with the acute form of disease. Mild thrombocytopenia and leukopenia were occasionally associated with the febrile form of disease. These results suggest a role for intravascular coagulation in the pathogenesis of African horsesickness.
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PMID:Clinical pathology and hemostatic abnormalities in experimental African horsesickness. 777 Oct 50

Data on the clinical and laboratory profile of 39 male lupus patients has been analysed. An attempt has been made to (1) delineate the pattern of SLE in Indian males, (2) compare it with that reported in the world literature, (3) find out differences, if any, between male children and adults with the disease, and (4) compare it with our previously published data on Indian females with SLE. Several important points were brought out in this study. First, SLE in Indian males has an earlier age of disease onset, a higher incidence of mucocutaneous and renal involvement and a lower incidence of neuropsychiatric, gastrointestinal and hematological disease in comparison to those published from the developed countries. Second, leucopenia and lymphopenia, a reflection of disease severity, occur significantly more in male children compared with adults. Thrombocytopenia is exclusively noted in adult males and virtually non-existent in children. Third, male patients overall have a less severe form of the disease in comparison with their female counterpart, as was evident by significantly less patients with hypocomplementemia, diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis and psychosis. Finally, a higher frequency of infection, particularly tuberculosis, was seen in male patients, which was the cause of death in some.
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PMID:SLE in Indian men: analysis of the clinical and laboratory features with a review of the literature. 795 3

Hematologic abnormalities, such as anemia, neutropenia, lymphopenia, and thrombocytopenia, are frequently observed in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). While lymphopenia has been noted in up to 80% of adults, only 50% of children with AIDS are reported to be lymphopenic. We reviewed the blood counts of hospitalized children with AIDS to determine the frequency of lymphopenia and other hematologic abnormalities. Seventy-four children with AIDS (ages 4 months to 9.5 years) were admitted to Kings County Hospital Center (Brooklyn, New York) from January 1990 to March 1991; data consisted of 709 CBCs (range one to 39, median 11) from 176 admissions (range one to 15). In some patients admitted during the study period, charts from previous admissions were reviewed. Anemia (Hb less than than third percentile for age) was noted in 68 of 74 (92%) patients. Leukopenia (WBC less than 4000/mm3) was noted in 32 of 74 (43%) patients. Lymphopenia (lymphocyte counts below normal for age) was seen in 59 of 74 (78%) patients; of these, more than half (31 of 59) had persistently low absolute lymphocyte counts. Thrombocytopenia (platelet count less than 150,000/mm3) was seen in 20 of 74 (27%) and was found in four of eight patients who expired. Pancytopenia was seen in nine of 74 (12%) patients. Progression of hematologic abnormalities with anemia followed by lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, and finally leukopenia was demonstrated in 22 patients. This review shows a prevalence of hematologic abnormalities that is similar to those of previous reports in children except for a considerably higher prevalence of lymphopenia. As expected, lymphopenia was a marker for disease progression.
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PMID:Prevalence of lymphopenia in children with AIDS. 801 66

Eight sheep vaccinated with 10(6) pfu of attenuated Australian bluetongue virus serotype 23 (BTV 23A) and eight BTV-free sheep were challenged with virulent BTV 23. There was little subsequent variation in the mean clinical score, or in the mean lymphocyte and platelet concentrations in the peripheral blood of the eight vaccinated sheep. There was a marked thrombocytopenia and lymphopenia in the naive sheep as the mean lymphocyte and platelet concentrations fell to a minimum at days 8 and 11 after inoculation, respectively. Similar changes were observed in three other naive sheep inoculated with field isolates of BTV 1,9 or 23. BTV was detected by nested polymerase chain reaction in whole blood of these sheep between days 6 and 28, in mononuclear leukocytes between days 3 and 14, and in platelets between days 6 and 21.
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PMID:Bluetongue virus infection in sheep: haematological changes and detection by polymerase chain reaction. 804 10


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