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Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical, immunological, and pathological features of solitary cutaneous cryptococcosis in two apparently healthy Chinese adults are reported. In patient 1, regional cryptococcal lymphadenopathy also occurred. Both patients showed lymphopenia with a proportionate decrease in T-helper and T-suppressor cells. Both skin and lymph node biopsies showed granulomatous inflammation and the presence of cryptococcus. A chancriform syndrome developed in patient 1, indicating primary cutaneous cryptococcosis. Chancriform syndrome is rare in cryptococcal skin infection, probably due to immunosuppression in susceptible patients. In patient 2, the deep dermal and subcutaneous inflammatory involvement and anatomic location of the lesion on the upper medial thigh are supportive of secondary skin disease. Unless negated by a reliable history, the following features are indicative of secondary disease: inflammation centered in deep dermis or subcutaneous fat, lesion on covered parts of body, and multifocal skin lesions. Some cases remain unclassifiable. In practice the distinction between primary and secondary cutaneous cryptococcal disease is not essential because less toxic, effective antifungal drugs are now available.
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PMID:Cutaneous cryptococcosis--primary versus secondary disease. Report of two cases with review of literature. 821 95

A 2-month-old girl with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), presented with mild staphylococcal skin infection, lymphopenia, low T cell number, absence of B cells, high number of NK cells, and a negligible response to mitogens. Since her older brother died as a result of SCID 2 years earlier, cord blood was harvested from a sister born 2 1/2 years earlier, who was normal and fully matched both by serology and molecular typing. In view of her clinical condition and in spite of a high number of NK cells with normal activity, HUCBT without preparative conditioning was performed. No G-CSF was administered. Engraftment with mixed chimerism was evident 3 weeks post transplantation. There were no peritransplantation complications. Eighteen months post transplantation, the girl is in excellent condition, blood counts are normal, T cell engraftment is complete, B cell engraftment is proceeding gradually, and the mitogen stimulation tests are normal. Due to the unique nature of HUCB hematopoietic cells, engraftment without conditioning may be possible in patients with SCID with fully matched donors. This is the first HUCBT performed without conditioning.
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PMID:Successful human umbilical cord blood stem cell transplantation without conditioning in severe combined immune deficiency. 1010 May 87

Background: Group A streptococci may induce lymphopenia, but the value of lymphocyte loss as early biomarkers for systemic spread and severe infection has not been examined systematically. Methods: We evaluated peripheral blood cell indices as biomarkers for severity and spread of infection in a mouse model of Streptococcus pyogenes skin infection, using two isolates of greatly differing virulence. Internal organs were examined histologically. Results: After subcutaneous inoculation, strain AP1 disseminated rapidly to peripheral blood and internal organs, causing frank sepsis. In contrast, seeding of internal organs by 5448 was mild, this strain could not be isolated from blood, and infection remained mostly localized to skin. Histopathologic examination of liver revealed microvesicular fatty change (steatosis) in AP1 infection, and examination of spleen showed elevated apoptosis and blurring of the white pulp/red pulp border late (40 h post infection) in AP1 infection. Both strains caused profound lymphopenia, but lymphocyte loss was more rapid early in AP1 infection, and lymphocyte count at 6 h post infection was the most accurate early marker for AP1 infection (area under the receiver operator curve [AUC] = 0.93), followed by the granulocyte/lymphocyte ratio (AUC = 0.89). Conclusions: The results suggest that virulence of S. pyogenes correlates with the degree of early lymphopenia and underscore the value of peripheral blood indices to predict severity of bacterial infections in mice. Early lymphopenia and elevated granulocyte/lymphocyte ratio merit further investigation as biomarkers for systemic spread of S. pyogenes skin infections in humans and, possibly, related pyogenic streptococci in humans and animals.
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PMID:Early Lymphocyte Loss and Increased Granulocyte/Lymphocyte Ratio Predict Systemic Spread of Streptococcus pyogenes in a Mouse Model of Acute Skin Infection. 2970 22