Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Examinations were made on erythrocytes, thrombocytes, leukocytes, lymph nodes, thymus, haemal nodes and bone marrow in field cases of East Coast Fever (ECF) in Tanzania. Seventy-six clinically sick short-horn Zebu and Taurine-Zebu crosses, positive for Theileria parva piroplasms and schizonts and 55 apparently healthy cattle were studied. The syndrome observed was characterised by severe pancytopenia, with massive normocytic, normochromic anaemia, panleukopenia and thrombocytopenia, but no reticulocytes in peripheral blood. The erythrocyte and leukocyte counts, haematocrit and haemoglobin concentrations were greatly decreased compared with those of the healthy cattle. The means +/- SD (with values of healthy cattle in parentheses) were 2.85 +/- 1.10 (6.04 +/- 1.58) x 10(12) l-1, 2.78 +/- 1.70 (10.59 +/- 4.16) x 10(9) l-1, 0.19 +/- 0.06 (0.31 +/- 0.054)1 l-1 and 4.07 +/- 1.62 (7.29 +/- 1.39) mmol l-1 respectively. Lymphoproliferation was low, while lymphocyte destruction (lymphocytolysis) was high. There were very few small schizonts in parotid and prescapular glands. Lymphocytes were extensively destroyed in medullary cords, germinal centres of lymph nodules in cortex and paracortical regions of lymph nodes and haemal nodes. The bone marrow was hypocellular, with only a few haematopoietic precursor erythroid, granulocytic and thrombopoietic cell series. All stages of prorubriblasts and rubricytes had granulated nuclei, some with schizonts. Infection of erythrocytes by merozoites appeared to take place in precursor stages. The destruction of erythroblasts, rubricytes and other haematopoietic cells resulted in anaemia without reticulocytosis, haemoglobinuria and jaundice, accompanied by panleukopenia of extreme neutropenia, lymphopenia and eosinopenia. This indicated that this T. parva strain differs from previously described buffalo- or cattle-derived T. parva infections in causing both haemoproliferation and lymphoproliferation by extensive haematopoietic cell destruction and lymphocytolysis. In cattle- and buffalo-derived T. parva infections, anaemia is normally mild and there are numerous large schizonts in the former.
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PMID:Severe anaemia due to haematopoietic precursor cell destruction in field cases of East Coast Fever in Tanzania. 807 8

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) mediates the regression of metastatic cancer, but clinical application is restricted by associated toxicities. Previous studies implicate tumor necrosis factor (TNF) as an important mediator of certain IL-2-induced toxicities. We hypothesized that soluble TNF receptor (sTNFr), a TNF antagonist, would alter lymphocyte trafficking into normal tissues and ameliorate IL-2-induced toxicity. Four groups of C57BL/6 mice were treated for 4 days with intraperitoneal injections of 100,000 IU IL-2 alone, 100,000 IU IL-2 and 30 micrograms sTNFr combined, 30 micrograms sTNFr alone, or equal volumes of saline. Animal activity was graded and blood obtained for SGPT and SGOT. At necropsy, organs were harvested for wet:dry ratios as a measurement of organ edema. The lung, liver, and thymus were examined histologically for lymphocytic infiltration and graded on a scale of 1 to 5. IL-2-treated groups had a statistically significant increase in organ edema, lymphocytic infiltration into the lung and liver, liver enzyme elevation, and pancytopenia when compared with controls. Soluble TNFr significantly suppressed IL-2-induced pulmonary lymphocytic infiltration and associated serum lymphopenia without significant alteration of other IL-2-induced effects. These data implicate TNF as a mediator of the pulmonary lymphocytic infiltration and of lymphopenia that accompanies IL-2 therapy and further suggest that alternative mechanisms are involved in other IL-2-induced deleterious effects.
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PMID:Interleukin-2-induced lymphocyte infiltration of multiple organs is differentially suppressed by soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor. 812 Nov 66

Very few data on the frequency and diversity of haematological abnormalities occurring in brucellosis in children have been reported. In the present study 110 children (56 boys and 54 girls; age range, 2 months to 14 years) with proven brucellosis were investigated to determine the haematological changes during the active course of this infection. Anaemia was detected in 48 (44%) patients, of whom four had evidence of haemolysis. Leukopenia occurred in 33% of the cases, with neutropenia and/or lymphopenia being the most striking features encountered. Thrombocytopenia was found in six (5%) patients and pancytopenia in 15 (14%) patients, of whom one developed disseminated intravascular coagulation. Clinically detectable bleeding occurred in five (4.5%) patients whose platelet counts were significantly low. Hypersplenism, haemophagocytosis and granulomatous lesions of the bone marrow appear to play a fundamental role in producing these abnormalities of the peripheral blood. Brucellosis may be considered in patients whose blood picture reveals haemolytic anaemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia or pancytopenia, particularly when the disease is epidemiologically suspected.
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PMID:Haematological manifestations of childhood brucellosis. 844 76

The case of a 7-year-old boy with virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (VAHS) and serologically proven parvovirus B-19 infection is described. The patient with VAHS presented with fever, hepatosplenomegaly, pancytopenia, and hyperlipidemia type IV. After induction therapy with VP-16 and prednisone, partial remission was achieved. Despite maintenance therapy, reinductions, and the addition of cyclosporine A for 3 months, several relapses occurred. The therapy was stopped because of life-threatening complications (Klebsiella sepsis, neutropenic enterocolitis, and stercoral peritonitis). The complications were treated successfully. The patient status was stabilized after splenectomy. However, hepatomegaly progressed slowly and the hyperlipidemia endured. Ten months after the diagnosis leukocytosis with absolute T lymphocytosis appeared. Reactivation of VAHS was suspected and intravenous immunoglobin and then antilymphocyte immunoglobulin ALG therapy were started. The resultant decrease in leukocytosis was prompt, but lymphopenia did not occur. Virostatic treatment with foscarnet was introduced based on human herpesvirus-6 seroconversion. Twenty-six months after the diagnosis, the patient is well, without any sign of VAHS or lymphoproliferation.
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PMID:Infection-associated hemophagocytic syndrome complicated by infectious lymphoproliferation: a case report. 872 Oct 28

One hundred cases of monocytic ehrlichiosis diagnosed in Israeli dogs were confirmed by the presence of anti-Ehrlichia canis indirect immunofluorescent antibody titres greater than 1:40. The disease occurred in all age groups and there was no sex predilection. German shepherd dogs were significantly over-represented whereas crossbreed dogs were significantly under-represented (P > 0.0005). The most common clinical signs were depression, lethargy, lymphadenomegaly, fever, anorexia, panting, pale mucous membranes and bleeding, of which epistaxis was most common. Thrombocytopenia, anaemia (mainly normocytic normochromic) and lymphopenia were the predominant haematological findings. Forty-nine of the 100 cases were followed up for a year. Thirty-two dogs survived and 17 died. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to examine the effect of host, environmental, and haematological prognostic factors on survival. It was concluded that severe anaemia, severe leucopenia, pancytopenia, a tendency to bleed (especially epistaxis) and being a German shepherd dog were important indicators of poor survival in cases of monocytic ehrlichiosis in dogs.
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PMID:Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis: a retrospective study of 100 cases, and an epidemiological investigation of prognostic indicators for the disease. 935 Nov 83

A 29-year-old Caucasian woman presented to hospital with a 2-day history of diarrhoea, anorexia and rigors. Investigations showed abnormal liver function tests, hyponatremia, hypoalbuminaemia and lymphopenia. The initial chest radiograph was normal. A bone marrow trephine biopsy showed non-caseating granulomata and she subsequently developed miliary shadowing on the chest radiograph. A transjugular liver biopsy confirmed the presence of acid-alcohol fast bacilli. Despite starting triple therapy for miliary tuberculosis she remained febrile and developed massive hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice and pancytopenia. Standard triple therapy was substituted with ethambutol, streptomycin and oral prednisolone and the patient made a dramatic recovery. The clinical symptoms of miliary tuberculosis are frequently non-specific and the onset of the illness is often insidious. The liver is involved in almost all patients with miliary tuberculosis, but massive hepatosplenomegaly and jaundice are rare. Standard triple-therapy should be discontinued when there is significant liver dysfunction, and corticosteroids should be considered for patients with miliary tuberculosis who fail to respond to conventional therapy.
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PMID:Massive hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice and pancytopenia in miliary tuberculosis. 957 Jun 66

We have experienced a case of chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection (CAEBV) complicated in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS). A 35-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital with complaints of fever and dyspnea on exertion. She was diagnosed as having SLE on the basis of arthritis, oropharyngeal ulcer, lymphopenia, and positive autoantibodies against DNA, RNP and SSA. The diagnosis of APS was also made because of positive anti-cardiolipin IgG antibodies and the existence of multiple pulmonary infarction with pulmonary hypertension. The administration of 30 mg/day of prednisolone and anti-coagulation significantly improved clinical symptoms. However, she was again admitted to the hospital four months later because of progressive liver damage and pancytopenia. Increment of prednisolone did not improve the clinical situation and she expired because of pulmonary hemorrhage. At autopsy, there were a significant increase of histiocytes with hemophagocytosis and a dense infiltration of atypical lymphocytes in the liver, spleen, lymph nodes and bone marrow. Infiltrated lymphocytes were positive for CD 3 and EBER 1 in immunohistochemical staining and EBVmRNA was detected by in situ hybridization. Final pathological diagnosis was CAEBV with hemophagocytic syndrome in association with lupus nephritis, pulmonary hemorrhage and pulmonary infarction.
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PMID:[An autopsied case of chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection complicated in systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome]. 1259 14

Paclitaxel (single intravenous injection in a maximum tolerated dose of 4.6 mg/kg) to white outbred rats causes bone marrow hypoplasia, increased granulocyte and erythroid cell mitosis (metaphase-anaphase transition), and moderate pancytopenia developments in peripheral blood (hypoplastic anemia, deep, short-term neutropenia, lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia) in the first hours after injection. A considerable increase of polyploidy (4n) cells and a moderate increase in the structural changes (chromatid deletions) of chromosomes was observed on bone marrow metaphase plates in 24 h. The drug introduction causes earlier increase in the rate of thymus cells mitosis, a growth in the number of thymocytes with apoptosis signs, and a moderate decrease in the thymus and spleen weight. All changes are reversible. Long-term (90 days after injection) observation revealed decreased lymphocyte count in the peripheral blood and bone marrow and earlier thymus involution.
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PMID:[Myelotoxicity of paclitaxel (mitotax)]. 1807 42

To investigate the curative effects of high-dose methylprednisolone (HDMP) in the treatment of refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), 5 patients with CLL who poorly reacted to several cycles of fludarabine based protocols with or without rituximab were treated with 1 to 6 cycles of HDMP with 1 g/(m(2)xd) for d1-5. All the patients were at Binet stage C. 3 patients were at Rai stage IV and 2 were at Rai stage III. 2 patients were diagnosed as Richter syndrome. CD38 and ZAP-70 were expressed in 5 and 3 patients respectively. All the patients developed with B group symptoms including fever, night sweat and/or weight loss and so on. Clinical manifestations and complete blood cell count, peripheral blood smear, bone marrow aspirate, hepatic and renal function, blood serum electrolytes, blood glucose were examined, CD5(+)CD19(+) lymphocytes of peripheral blood and bone marrow were determined by flow cytometry. The results showed that B group symptoms disappeared in 4 patients at 2 - 4 weeks after therapy. The size of enlarged lymph nodes was reduced in all the 5 patients. In 1 patient spleen was not palpable from 10 cm below costal margin at 2 weeks after therapy, and his hemafecia was alleviated. The renal function in another patient with renal failure recovered to normal after two cycles of therapy. Pancytopenia improved in 3 patients after therapy. CD5(+)CD19(+) lymphocytes decreased in all the patients. 4 patients acquired partial remission and 1 patient acquired stable status of disease. The side effects became mild. In conclusion, the therapeutic results preliminarily show that HDMP is an effective and safe protocol for the treatment of refractory CLL.
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PMID:[High-dose methylprednisolone for the treatment of refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia]. 1969 58

A case of severe and irreversible pancytopenia secondary to acute primary cytomegalovirus infection in an immunocompetent woman is described. The patient presented with thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia, anemia, and abnormal liver function tests. Treatment with corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin was ineffective in reconstituting hemopoiesis. The patient developed severe sepsis and eventually expired.
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PMID:Fulminant pancytopenia due to cytomegalovirus infection in an immunocompetent adult. 2056 46


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