Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have retrospectively studied 35 cases of Kaposi's sarcoma in 460 patients with AIDS (incidence of 7.6%) during a period of 10 years. All of them were males, with a mean age of 38 years. 88% of the cases belonged to the homosexual risk group. The tumor was the diagnostic criteria of AIDS in 25 patients. At the moment of the diagnosis, 4 patients were at stage I, 23 at stage II, 1 at stage III and 7 at stage IV, according to the Mitsuyasu's classification; 7 patients had systemic symptoms. The tumor was localized at the skin (34 cases), mucosa (16), digestive tract (7), lung (6) and ganglion (4). The immunological study revealed lymphopenia in 74% of patients, reduction of T4 lymphocytes ( < 0.5 x 10(9)/L) in 93% and inverted T4/T8 ratio in 96%. Sixteen patients received antitumoral treatment (8 with chemotherapy, 7 with interferon and 5 with radiotherapy). The response was stabilization of lesions in 8 cases, partial remission in 2 and progression in 3; in other 3 cases, such response was not assessed. The mortality was 48% and the average survival, 13 months. Opportunistic infections were the cause of death in most patients. Our results confirm the clinical and evolutive characteristics of the Kaposi's sarcoma associated to AIDS; disseminated cutaneous affectation with frequent visceral affectation, poor response to treatment and low survival associated to the presence of opportunistic infections. The lower incidence of tumor observed in our study is related to the different distribution of the risk groups for HIV in our country.
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PMID:[A clinical study of Kaposi's sarcoma associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome]. 148 64

A 24 year old man presented with an unusual primary combined immune deficiency syndrome characterised by a profound lymphopenia of CD4 cells, selective serum IgG2 subclass deficiency, poor polysaccharide antibody responses, disseminated warts, recurrent sinopulmonary infection and bronchiectasis. The developed progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML) in association with sclerosing cholangitis. Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML) usually occurs as an opportunistic infection in patients with secondary defects in cellular immunity.
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PMID:Progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy, sclerosing cholangitis, bronchiectasis and disseminated warts in a patient with primary combined immune deficiency. 151 66

Alveolar lymphocytosis, in the face of blood lymphopenia, is a common finding among patients with AIDS. We studied by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), the alveolar cell profile of 43 human immuno deficiency virus (HIV) seropositive patients divided into three groups involving the advanced stages of the disease: group A (n = 9; CDC III), ambulatory individuals without systemic or respiratory symptoms; group B (n = 15; CDC IV) patients admitted for evaluation of fever of unknown origin (FUO) without pulmonary involvement; group C (n = 19; CDC IV), patients admitted for evaluation of an acute pulmonary condition. Sex, age and risk factor were comparable among the groups. Alveolar lymphocytosis was found in no group A patients, in 2 out of 15 group B patients (both with P. carinii lung infection) and in all group C patients, where pulmonary involvement was due to opportunistic infection or to nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis. Our findings suggest that in patients with advanced HIV infection alveolar lymphocytosis may be an expression of a concomitant process within the lungs either clinically manifest or inapparent, or possibly related to HIV primary lung involvement.
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PMID:Alveolar cell population in HIV infected patients. 188 89

In 4 years (1984-1987), 183 bone marrow examinations were performed on 155 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody positive patients. One hundred and fifty three had category IV AIDS. One-third of the marrows yielded specific information. This included opportunistic infection, in particular Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare Complex (MAI) (24%), malignancy (4%), consistent with ITP (9%) and iron deficiency (1%). In the remaining two thirds of the bone marrows the most frequent non-specific abnormalities were dyserythropoiesis, erythroid hypoplasia, reticuloendothelial iron block, granulomas, lymphoid aggregates, plasmacytosis and histiocytosis. Common peripheral blood findings were anemia, lymphopenia, anisocytosis, rouleaux and atypical lymphocytes. Peripheral blood and bone marrow examinations on 16 patients on AZT are included. These patients have more pronounced blood and bone marrow abnormalities. The causes of these abnormalities are multifactorial and include low T4 levels, severe viral and other infections and therapy with marrow toxic drugs.
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PMID:Peripheral blood and bone marrow findings in patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. 209 Oct 4

The authors report on two patients who presented with sudden loss of vision, due to irodocyclitis and retinochoroiditis in one patient and optic neuritis in the other. AIDS was diagnosed in both patients on the basis of a positive HIV antibody assay, lymphopenia, and a reduced helper-to-suppressor subset ratio. Soon afterwards, the patient with retinochoroiditis developed the full-blown picture of AIDS with cerebral involvement. Neither anticytomegaly treatment with DHPG nor triple therapy for toxoplasmosis was able to prevent the fatal course. The patient died within six months. In contrast, the patient with optic neuritis recovered full visual acuity. So far there has been no relapse, nor any opportunistic infection in other organs.
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PMID:[Initial diagnosis of acquired immunologic deficiency syndrome (AIDS) by the ophthalmologist]. 282 95

Seven Haitian and one white patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and Salmonella typhimurium bacteremia were identified over a 28-month period. In three patients bacteremia developed concurrently with an opportunistic infection associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The remaining five patients had their initial episodes of bacteremia 3 to 11 months before the diagnosis of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. These five patients had signs suggestive of the syndrome, plus evidence of disordered cellular immune function (lymphopenia, anergy, decreased T-helper cells, decreased proliferative responses, and a deficiency in mononuclear-cell alpha interferon production). Salmonella typhimurium bacteremia in the appropriate clinical setting may be an opportunistic pathogen associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
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PMID:Recurrent Salmonella typhimurium bacteremia associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. 388 Oct 73

Fourteen previously healthy young patients with unusual community-acquired opportunistic infections were seen over a period of three years. They differ from patients previously described in that 11 were heterosexual drug abusers (including two women) and only three were homosexual men. There were eight Puerto Ricans, five blacks, and one white. Infections included Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (seven), disseminated Mycobacterium intracellulare infection, histoplasmosis, cryptococcosis, and cytomegalovirus infection (one each), oral thrush (13), and Candida esophagitis (two). All patients had impaired cellular immunity manifested by cutaneous anergy and lymphopenia, and all 11 tested had a markedly decreased ratio of T helper/inducer cells to T suppressor/cytotoxic cells. Twelve had evidence of associated viral infection (Epstein-Barr virus in nine, cytomegalovirus in five, Herpes simplex type 2 in two). Clinical presentation was with a severe opportunistic infection or with a prodrome consisting of oral thrush and nonspecific findings including malaise, fever, lymphadenopathy, or cough. The syndrome of immunodeficiency and opportunistic infection occurs in nonwhite heterosexual drug abusers, not exclusively in white homosexual men, and patients may present for medical care before the onset of a severe opportunistic infection.
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PMID:Community-acquired opportunistic infections and defective cellular immunity in heterosexual drug abusers and homosexual men. 621 79

Twenty Haitian patients, hospitalized from 1 April 1980 to 20 June 1982, had Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, central nervous system toxoplasmosis, esophageal candidiasis, cryptococcosis, disseminated cytomegalovirus, progressive herpes simplex virus, chronic enteric coccidiosis, or invasive Kaposi's sarcoma. Ten patients died. Opportunistic infections were frequently multiple and were recurrent in three patients. In seven patients disseminated tuberculosis preceded the other infections by 2 to 15 months. There was no evidence of an underlying immunosuppressive disease, and no history of homosexuality or intravenous drug abuse. At least three patients probably acquired the syndrome in Haiti. Lymphadenopathy was common. Seventeen patients tested had anergy, and 18 had lymphopenia. Monoclonal antibody analysis of peripheral-blood T-cell subsets done on 11 patients showed a marked decrease in T-helper cells and an inversion of the normal ratio of T-helper cells to T-suppressor cells. This syndrome among heterosexual Haitians is strikingly similar to the syndrome of immunodeficiency described recently among American homosexuals.
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PMID:Opportunistic infections and Kaposi's sarcoma among Haitians: evidence of a new acquired immunodeficiency state. 629 51

The acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) manifested by opportunistic infections or Kaposi's sarcoma is a newly recognized and often fatal disease. Three patients seen in Syracuse, New York, were noted to have lymphopenia and persistent serum lymphocytotoxic antibodies (LCTAs). In a double blinded study, 25 serum samples were coded and sent to us by the Centers for Disease Control Task Force on Kaposi's Sarcoma and Opportunistic Infections. Samples from 5 patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, 5 patients with Kaposi's sarcoma, 5 presumably healthy homosexual males, 5 presumably healthy heterosexual males, and 5 presumably healthy heterosexual females were included. Of the ten AIDS patients, nine had "positive" or "suspicious" results on testing for lymphocytotoxic antibodies. The five heterosexual male and five heterosexual female controls had "negative" results. Of the five homosexual male "controls," three had "positive" or "suspicious" LCTA results. Two of these three "controls" were available for follow-up. Both showed deficiencies in studies of their cell-mediated immunity. Lymphocytotoxic antibodies may participate in the ongoing immunodeficiency seen in AIDS.
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PMID:Lymphocytotoxic antibodies in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). 660 46

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) is a well known opportunistic infection in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients with lymphopenia and treated with corticosteroid or cytotoxics agents. We report a new case of PCP in an untreated SLE with severe lymphopenia. We discuss the origin of lymphopenia in SLE, lymphopenia as a risk factor of Pneumocystis carinii infection, and safety precautions to take.
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PMID:[Pneumocystis carinii infection disclosing untreated systemic lupus erythematosus]. 770 6


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