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Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We studied the effect of 2.5 X 10(9) live Escherichia coli per kilogram v 2.7 X 10(9) dead E coli per kilogram injected into the peritoneal cavity of sheep with chronic pulmonary lymph fistulas. The effects of dead E coli were compared with those of live E coli, with respect to (1) pulmonary hypertension, (2) hemodynamic failure, (3) damage to the pulmonary microvasculature, (4) systemic arterial hypoxemia, (5) neutropenia and lymphopenia, (6) thrombocytopenia and platelet aggregation, (7) plasma fibrinogen concentration, and (8) classic- and alternative-pathway hemolytic complement. The time after injection of the bacteria was divided into an early period (zero to two hours) and a late period (two to seven hours). We made two conclusions: (1) The early period effects, with the exception of the absolute neutrophil count and Pao2, were independent of bacterial viability, whereas the late period effects were strongly dependent on bacterial viability. (2) The early notable difference between the live v dead groups, with respect to the absolute neutrophil count and Pao2, could not be explained on the basis of an increase in bacterial numbers alone.
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PMID:Comparative pulmonary effects of intraperitoneal inoculation of live v dead Escherichia coli. 636 30

We applied the microlymphocytotoxicity method to the detection of lymphocytotoxic antibodies in case of 37 patients with acute malaria or 61 patients who sojourned in endemic malaria area and presented antibodies against plasmodial antigens (indirect immunofluorescence test greater than or equal to 1/20). Lymphocytotoxic antibodies were found in 16 patients of the first group and their occurrence may explain the lymphopenia and to a lesser extent the neutropenia and thrombopenia observed in some cases. In the second group lymphocytotoxic antibodies were present in 9 cases. In all samples no anti-HLA specificity was evidenced. Four patients were submitted to auto-cross-match test and 3 were found positive suggesting that among these antibodies some are auto-antibodies with anti-lymphocyte specificity.
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PMID:[Lymphocytotoxic antibodies in malaria]. 636 21

Hematologic abnormalities were studied prospectively in 38 patients with brucellosis. Anemia was found in 74% of patients, leukopenia in 45%, neutropenia in 21%, lymphopenia in 63%, and thrombocytopenia in 39.5%. Eight patients (21%) were pancytopenic; seven of these individuals also had splenomegaly. Bone marrow hypoplasia was not found. Bleeding complications developed in 26% of patients and were significantly associated with clotting abnormalities (low platelet count, low fibrinogen level, and/or prolongation of thrombin clotting time); i.e., bleeding occurred in approximately 50% of patients with marked clotting abnormalities but in no patients with normal clotting. Determination of fibrinogen levels at different stages of brucellosis led to a redefinition of the normal level for patients with this infection. Patients without clotting abnormalities had fibrinogen levels of 233-711 mg/100 ml (mean, 384 mg/100 ml), whereas patients with thrombocytopenia and prolonged thrombin clotting time had levels of 122-360 mg/100 ml (mean, 216 mg/100 ml; P less than .001) that increased to 233-519 mg/100 (mean, 360 mg/100 ml) when clotting values returned to normal. Lymphopenia was significantly correlated with the severity of clinical manifestations (bleeding and hepatic involvement).
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PMID:Hematologic changes in brucellosis. 648 Nov 87

The absolute count for a particular type of blood cell is the total white blood cell count multiplied by the differential percentage for that cell type. Neutrophilia is caused by increased marrow proliferation, redistribution among body neutrophil pools, stress and corticosteroids. Neutropenia is caused by decreased marrow proliferation, ineffective marrow production, reduced neutrophil survival and redistribution of neutrophils. Lymphocytosis is caused by chronic infections and allergic reactions, while lymphopenia is caused by increased lymphocyte destruction, neoplasia and lymphocyte loss. Monocytosis is associated with stress, infections, hematologic disorders, GI disease, necrosis and hemolysis. Eosinophilia is caused by allergic reactions, parasitism, skin diseases, neoplasia and adrenocortical insufficiency.
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PMID:Interpreting absolute WBC counts. 673 20

The effects of naloxone on the cardiovascular, hematologic and metabolic derangements associated with endotoxic and hemorrhagic shock were studied in unanesthetized horses. In the first of 3 experiments blood glucose and lactate levels, hematocrit, white, red and differential white cell counts, rectal temperature and clinical signs were obtained before and after endotoxin (10 micrograms/Kg) administration in 5 horses. In the second experiment, two groups of 3 horses received either intravenous naloxone (0.04 mg/Kg) or saline, 7 minutes prior to endotoxin. In a third experiment two groups of 4 horses received either saline or naloxone (0.20 mg/Kg) immediately following acute hemorrhage. In the second and third experiments, pulse, mean arterial and right ventricular pressures, and heart rate were also observed. Endotoxin and acute hemorrhage produced hypothermia, leukopenia, lymphopenia, neutropenia, elevations in hematocrit, blood glucose and blood lactate, and clinical signs of shock. Naloxone (0.040 mg/Kg IV) significantly lowered endotoxin-induced increases in right ventricular pressure and heart rate, and at a higher dose (0.20 mg/Kg) antagonized the decrease in pulse and heart rate, and tachycardia observed after acute hemorrhage. These results suggest endogenous opioids are involved in the pathogenesis of shock. Naloxone appeared to attenuate some of the cardiovascular responses associated with shock and thus may be of therapeutic value in shock management.
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PMID:The effects of naloxone on endotoxic and hemorrhagic shock in horses. 673 53

Flurbiprofen, a potent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and antipyretic agent, was given as an intravenous infusion (2 mg/kg) followed by a bolus injection of 1 mg/kg six hours later. After drug administration body temperature and rumen contractions were slightly depressed, whereas urea values gradually increased; serum sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) activity, plasma iron concentration and the number of circulating lymphocytes were significantly lower. Intravenous injection of endotoxin from Escherichia coli O111B4 (0.1 microgram/kg) caused shivering, fever, inhibition of rumen contractions, changes in heart rate, lymphopenia, neutropenia followed by neutrophylic leucocytosis, changes in urea values, hypoferraemia, hypozincaemia and a decline in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, whereas gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase, glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase and SDH values were not significantly altered. Pretreatment with flurbiprofen completely abolished the febrile reactions to endotoxin. The endotoxin-induced inhibition of rumen contractions was only delayed. The drug blocked the initial tachycardia to endotoxin but did not prevent the secondary biphasic increase in heart rate. Flurbiprofen failed to modify the endotoxin-induced decrease in both plasma zinc and serum ALP activity whereas the decline in plasma iron concentration was delayed. After drug pretreatment the changes in circulating white blood cells were more pronounced. These data demonstrate that most of the haematological, blood biochemical and clinical effects of endotoxin cannot be blocked by flurbiprofen, and that these effects are not due to the increase in body temperature alone. Tolerance induced by repetitive daily intravenous administration of endotoxin resulted in an almost complete abolition of all the effects. However, the plasma iron values from tolerant goats were significantly lower than those from non-tolerant animals, which demonstrates that the development of a refractory state can result in modification of this biochemical parameter.
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PMID:Endotoxin-induced fever and associated haematological and blood biochemical changes in the goat: the effect of repeated administration and the influence of flurbiprofen. 675 96

Eight Zebu cattle were infected with Trypanosoma vivax stock Y58, while 8 served as uninfected controls. The infected animals developed early leukopenia due to concomitant lymphopenia and neutropenia. It is suggested that an increase in trypanosomal antigens and neuraminidase in the infected cattle at this time may have an effect on peripheral leukocytes.
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PMID:Leukocyte response in experimental Trypanosoma vivax infection in cattle. 686 6

Case records of 26 patients with Lyell Syndrome were reviewed for studying haematologic abnormalities. Eosinophilia, neutropenia, thrombopenia were uncommon. Circulating immature granulocytic cells were frequently encountered during the second week of evolution, mostly when leucocytosis was present. Anemia was frequent, the lowest haemoglobin titer beeing reached by the 15th day. Reticulocytosis was initially low and reached a peak during the second week. At that time biological markers of inflammatory syndrome were getting worse. So the originating anemia seems primarily of medullary origin and independent of inflammatory syndrome. Lymphopenia was constant and sometimes marked, with no circulating lymphocytes in two cases. The lowest numbers of lymphocytes were observed during the first week. These haematological abnormalities may have some pathogenic significance.
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PMID:[Hematologic anomalies in Lyell's syndrome. Study of 26 cases]. 688 53

The response of the pony to increasing doses of Escherichia coli endotoxin was evaluated using intravenous and intraperitoneal administration models. Marked changes were seen in all parameters measured following endotoxin administration. Leukopenia (neutropenia, lymphopenia) and thrombocytopenia were not dose-dependent. Similarly, elevated plasma fibrinogen and altered glucose concentrations (hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia), pyrexia and increased lactate/pyruvate ratios were apparent at all endotoxin doses but were not dose related. The widely used packed cell volume and capillary refill time, we well as blood lactate and possibly serum beta-glucuronidase, were increased in a dose-related manner.
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PMID:Dose-response of ponies to parenteral Escherichia coli endotoxin. 702 Aug 94

Five eight week old dogs were inoculated orally and intranasally with cell culture origin canine parvovirus. Three dogs became depressed and anorectic and developed a mild (one dog) to severe diarrhea five days postinfection. The remaining dogs had subclinical infections but developed a lymphopenia followed by a transient lymphocytosis. The ill dogs developed mild (one dog) to severe neutropenia and a moderate lymphopenia. One died nine days postinfection. Recovery was associated with cessation of viral excretion and with lymphocytosis and antibody production. Two of three dogs challenged intragastrically developed mild clinical signs and a moderate panleukopenia four to eight days postinfection. The pathological changes of the experimental disease were very similar to that of spontaneous disease. Bone marrow changes included a severe granulocytic and mild erythroid depletion. The pathogenesis of canine parvovirus infection is discussed.
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PMID:Experimental parvovirus infection in dogs. 734 Sep 6


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