Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Percentage and absolute levels of circulating T lymphocytes were measured in 48 patients with bronchial carcinoma. These were compared with control values from nine healthy adults and 19 age-matched patients with benign disorders. A further 20 patients who had been given postoperative immunotherapy after complete resection of bronchial carcinoma were also studied. There was no significant difference in the mean percentage T cells between the groups. Lymphopenia, however, was a feature of the bronchial cancer patients with metastatic disease. This resulted in a significant diminution of absolute T cells in this group. There is no evidence, with the technique employed in this study, of a total T-cell deficiency in early bronchial carcinoma.
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PMID:Total T lymphocytes in primary bronchial carcinoma. 30 Jan 82

Both T and non-T lymphocytes decreased immediately following radiotherapy in breast cancer patients. The relative depletion of non-T lymphocytes, however, was more marked than that of T cells. 3 years later the number and the proportion of non-T lymphocytes was higher than immediately after radiotherapy, while T lymphocytes were still depressed. The proportion of cells with membrane-associated Ig was higher in patients 3 years following radiotherapy than in non-treated patients and healthy controls. There was no difference in the proportion of T and non-T lymphocytes between patients with and without metastases, respectively.
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PMID:Blood lymphocyte subpopulations in breast cancer patients following radiotherapy. 33 65

Paraneoplastic disorders (PNDs) are remote effects of tumors that are unrelated to the size, location, metastases, or physiological activities of mature tissue of origin. Some of these disorders, such as fever and anemia, have been known for a long time. Other disorders, such as lymphopenia and low serum cholesterol levels, have been described only recently. In a study of 900 patients, including two control groups, some of the PNDs were demonstrated to be good indicators for diagnosis and prognosis in cases of cancer. A number of these disorders, however, may occur in patients suffering from terminal diseases other than cancer.
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PMID:Hematological and biochemical paraneoplastic disorders. 57 90

Twenty-two patients with cutaneous metastases of malignant melanoma were treated with intralesional injections of the methanol extraction residue of bacillus Calmette-Guerin (MER). The local reaction consisted of erythema and pustule formation followed by ulceration and tumor necrosis. Side effects included fever, chills, headache and malaise in the majority of patients; nausea, vomiting, cyanosis and hypotension occurred infrequently. Hypersensitivity reactions were not observed. Temporary abnormalities in liver function were seen in 11 of 19 patients tested. Reversible lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia developed in 7 of 17 and 7 of 18 patients, respectively. Immune function, as measured by skin tests for delayed hypersensitivity and the in vitro response of isolated lymphocytes to mitogens and microbial antigens, was not influenced by treatment with MER. Transient increases were observed in total hemolytic complement, complement components and the reduction of nitroblue-tetrazolium by neutrophils. Eight of eighteen evaluable patients showed a complete disappearance of all injected lesions. We conclude that intratumoral injection of MER is effective treatment for cutaneous metastases of malignant melanoma, with a complete response rate comparable to that observed after intralesional injection of BCG.
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PMID:Intralesional injection of the methanol extraction residue of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (MER) into cutaneous metastases of malignant melanoma. 72 66

The role of radiotherapy in the treatment of mammary carcinoma is reviewed. The indication for postoperative radiotherapy in cases of primary tumors T2 and T3, particularly in the presence of metastatic lymph nodes (N1), is still given. For stage 1 (T1/T2 N0), postoperative radiotherapy may be omitted or can be limited to the lymphatic area which has not been surgically explored. Pre-operative radiotherapy for the more advanced stage (T3/T4 and N2) has proven more effective than postoperative irradiation. Radiotherapy as an exclusive procedure in the sense of a curative, non-mutilating treatment for small breast cancers(T1/T2 NO) provides, if correctly administered, the same 5- and 10-year survival rate at surgical amputation. The arguments against the use of radiotherapy (lymphopenia, diminished immunological reactions, frequency of hematogenic metastases) are discussed.
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PMID:[Contribution of radiotherapy in the local-regional treatment of breast cancer]. 89 44

This study was designed to investigate acute effects of various doses of the cytokines IFN-alpha, IFN-gamma, Interleukin 2 and tumor necrosis factor alpha on white blood cell differential counts. Before initiation of phase II trials, a dose-determination phase was performed, where three different dose levels of each cytokine were applied as a single dose. White blood cell differential counts were assessed immediately before and 2, 12, 24, 48 and 168 h after injection. Patients enrolled suffered from metastatic cancer or chronic active hepatitis. In addition, IFN-alpha was administered to five healthy volunteers. Results indicate that cytokines cause rapid and transient changes in the numbers of leukocyte subsets. Hematologic changes were cell-type- and cytokine-specific: transient lymphopenia was observed after administration of all four cytokines, reaching a nadir 12 to 24 h after subcutaneous injection. Administration of TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma also caused transient monocytopenia. Neutrophilia developed after administration of Interleukin 2, IFN-alpha and TNF-alpha. We conclude that cytokines play a key role in the regulation of peripheral blood cell traffic by their capacity to influence homing patterns of peripheral blood leukocytes.
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PMID:Acute hematologic effects of interferon alpha, interferon gamma, tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 2. 190 9

15 patients aged between 24 and 66 years with 10 different malignant tumor diseases were treated with a recombinant human tumor necrosis factor preparation PAC-4D in a phase-I trial. The starting dose was 10(5) U PAC-4D as an intravenous short infusion. The maximally tolerable dose is around 18 X 10(5) U/m2. As the main clinical side effects were observed: fever, chills, hypertension with subsequent hypotension, lethargy, transient somnolence, headache, neurological deficiency symptoms, nausea and vomiting. Important laboratory-chemical parameters were the increase in transaminases and, in higher dose levels, leukocytosis with the left shift and lymphopenia in the differential blood picture. As dose-limiting toxicity are estimated hypotension, and neurological side effects and hepatotoxicity. In one female patient who received 27 X 10(5) U PAC-4D there appeared pronounced, histologically verified necroses in the metastases of a malignant fibrous histiocytoma.
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PMID:Human pharmacological investigation of a human recombinant tumor necrosis factor preparation (PAC-4D) a phase-I trial. 337 52

Twenty patients with disseminated melanoma were treated with interferon alfa-2a, given by intramuscular (IM) injection three times a week in escalating doses from 15 to 50 X 10(6) U/m2. Of 18 patients considered evaluable, two had complete remission and in two others the disease was stabilized. Laboratory tests 6 hours after injection of interferon alfa-2a indicated a marked lymphopenia and a reduction in natural killer (NK) cell activity. Sequential changes (measured before injection of interferon alfa-2a on days 3, 10, and 31) consisted of neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and a slight increase in OKT4 positive T cells compared with OKT8 positive T cells. NK activity against the K562 target cells was increased in most patients during the first week of treatment, returning to near or below pretreatment levels thereafter. This response contrasted with a delayed increase against melanoma target cells in 10 patients. The latter correlated with an increase in mitogen-stimulated interleukin-2 (IL2) production, and may indicate that the cytotoxic activity resulted from lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells. Changes in cortisol levels may explain some effects on the immune system, such as depression of IL2 and immunoglobulin production in vitro, and the differences noted in clinical responses during the present study compared with those observed with interferon alfa-2b given by intravenous (IV) injection in 5-day cycles. These results suggest that interferon alfa-2a has antitumor activity in certain melanoma patients, in particular those with metastases to pulmonary or subcutaneous sites. Assays of IL2 production and LAK activity may assist in the selection of patients who respond to interferon alfa-2a and help to optimize treatment regimens.
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PMID:Immunological effects of recombinant interferon alfa-2a in patients with disseminated melanoma. 348 11

The authors studied the percentage of T-lymphocytes detected by means of acid non specific esterase technique in patients with malignant thyroid tumours. The lymphocytes were investigated in the punctates from the tumour as well as in the venous blood. The results were compared with those in simple goitres and in healthy controls respectively. It has been found that the percentage of T-lymphocytes in the tumours limited to the thyroid was significantly higher in comparison with those of disseminated tumours. In the venous blood of cancers with metastases the ANAE positive lymphocytes were decreased, when compared with thyroid cancers without spread as well as with healthy controls. After the operation the T-lymphocytes decreased in the blood to the values found in healthy people. The authors suppose that ANAE positive lymphocytes (corresponding to the T-lymphocytes) which play an important part in the anti-tumour cell defence might be used as a convenient criterion by which this aspect of immune state could be judged. Further experience will prove whether the presence of metastases could thus be assayed.
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PMID:T-lymphocytes detected by esterase technique in malignant tumours of the thyroid. 393 37

The effects of recombinant DNA-produced leukocyte interferon (IFLrA) were studied in 37 patients with metastatic cancer who received sequentially escalating doses of 9-86 million units (MU) of IFLrA by im injection twice weekly. The IFLrA was absorbed rapidly and reached a peak serum concentration 6-8 hours after injection. Serum concentration of IFLrA increased proportionately with the dose. The most common side effects included fever, chills, asthenia, anorexia, and weight loss, and leukopenia, granulocytopenia, and lymphopenia occurred frequently. Elevation of serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase was frequent above doses of 50 MU. All side effects were reversible by discontinuation of the drug. Antibodies to IFLrA were detected in 3 patients while on treatment. The presence of antibodies coincided with drastic reduction in serum IFLrA concentration and, in 1 patient, with relapse of disease. Objective tumor responses were documented in patients with lymphomas but not in other groups of patients.
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PMID:Clinical study of recombinant DNA-produced leukocyte interferon (clone A) in a intermittent schedule in cancer patients. 619 33


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