Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Tularemia with peritonitis developed in a 50-year-old man soon after diagnosis of stomach cancer with metastasis. The ascites grew Francisella tularensis subsp. holarctica, which was identified by sequencing analysis of the 16S rDNA. The infection resolved with antimicrobial treatment. Antibodies detected 4 weeks after onset disappeared after chemotherapy-associated lymphopenia.
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PMID:Francisella tularensis peritonitis in stomach cancer patient. 1566 72

Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a pleiotropic cytokine that enhances Th1 or Th2 immune response. We show a novel mechanism of gastric cancer cells that allows their immune escape utilizing IL-18. All 4 gastric cancer cell lines, but not colon lines, constitutively expressed IL-18 receptors and IL-18 dose-dependently enhanced their in vitro proliferation accompanied by nuclear factor kappaB activation. When IL-18-pretreated gastric cancer cells were cultured with cytokine-activated peripheral blood killer lymphocytes, the antitumor machineries, perforin or interferon-gamma production of killer lymphocytes decreased, resulting in a decreased susceptibility of cancer cells to killer lymphocytes. Furthermore, gastric cancer cells cultured with IL-18 showed an increased expression of a granzyme B inhibitor, protease inhibitor 9. IL-18 injections into severe combined immuno-deficient mice intraperitoneally inoculated with gastric cancer cells consistently decreased the mouse survival time. Our results indicate that gastric cancers exploit IL-18 to grow/invade and evade immunosurveillance in the hosts.
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PMID:Exploitation of interleukin-18 by gastric cancers for their growth and evasion of host immunity. 1604 75

Alterations of absolute number or percentage of circulating white blood cell (WBC) subsets are associated with psychological and physical stress. Gender effects on the changes of circulating WBC subsets following surgical treatment have not been determined. Therefore, the current study aimed to determine whether circulating neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes, and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (N/L) are different following major surgery according to the gender. We studied 409 male patients and 212 female patients who underwent total or subtotal gastrectomy due to stomach cancer, from 1 January to 31 December in 2005. The WBC count and percentage of its subsets were obtained from database and N/L was directly calculated from the full blood count preoperatively, immediate postoperatively, and postoperative day 1, 3, 5 in a retrospective manner. Compared to preoperative values, neutrophilia, lymphopenia, monocytopenia, and increased N/L were associated with gastrectomy in all patients. In the comparison study between genders, there were significantly increased proportion of neutrophils, decreased lymphocytes and monocytes, and higher N/L in female patients than in male patients after gastrectomy. These findings indicate that female patients showed more immune-compromised response to gastrectomy than male patients.
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PMID:Effects of gender on white blood cell populations and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio following gastrectomy in patients with stomach cancer. 1792 34

PURPOSE Everolimus, an oral inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin, has shown antitumor activity in gastric cancer in preclinical and phase I studies. This phase II study evaluated the efficacy and safety of everolimus in pretreated patients with advanced gastric cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with advanced gastric cancer who experienced progression despite prior chemotherapy received everolimus 10 mg orally daily until disease progression or study discontinuation. The primary end point was disease control rate (DCR; ie, complete response, partial response, or stable disease). Secondary end points included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and safety. RESULTS Fifty-three patients were assessable (median age, 63 years; 51% and 49% received one or two prior chemotherapy regimens, respectively). Although no complete or partial response was obtained, a decrease in tumor size from baseline was observed in 45% of patients by central review. The DCR was 56.0% (95% CI, 41.3% to 70.0%); median PFS was 2.7 months (95% CI, 1.6 to 3.0 months). At a median follow-up time of 9.6 months, median OS was 10.1 months (95% CI, 6.5 to 12.1 months). Common grade 3 or 4 adverse events included anemia, hyponatremia, increased gamma-glutamyltransferase, and lymphopenia. Grade 1 or 2 pneumonitis was reported in eight patients (15.1%). CONCLUSION Everolimus monotherapy resulted in a promising DCR in patients with previously treated advanced gastric cancer. Adverse events are consistent with the reported safety profile of everolimus. These results warrant further evaluation in patients with advanced gastric cancer.
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PMID:Multicenter phase II study of everolimus in patients with previously treated metastatic gastric cancer. 2023 77