Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical and pathological findings in 46 patients with cryptococcosis at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center from 1956 to 1972 are reported. The striking predilection for cryptococcal infection in patients with leukemias and lymphomas is again confirmed. Of 41 patients with neoplastic disease, those with chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL), Hodgkin's Disease, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), myeloma and lymphosarcoma had the highest incidence of cryptococcosis. In all cases, neoplastic disease was widespread when infection occurred. All of these patients had leukopenia and absolute lymphopenia at the time of infection. Thirty-nine were on steroids. Thirty-one patients with neoplastic disease had disseminated infection. Review of pathology revealed a spectrum of inflammatory lesions. Histiocytic-lymphocytic infiltrates occurred in the central nervous system in 10 patients. In six cases, reaction was granulomatous. There were single instances of suppurative and fibrotic reactions. Mortality from infection was high in patients with neoplastic disease. Twenty-four of 28 deaths occurred within 60 days as a result of infection. Within one year, 10 more patients died, nine of cryptococcosis. Only three survived more than one year, and all patients died within 600 days. Twenty-nine patients with neoplastic disease received amphotericin B. Only nine survived more than 60 days.
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PMID:Cryptococcosis in a cancer hospital: clinical and pathological correlates in forty-six patients. 32 54

Human peripheral blood lymphocytes were stimulated by concanavalin A, sodium periodate, and neuraminidase plus galactose oxidase. Response to mitogens was measured by the amount of tritiated thymidine incorporated as well as the percent of "giant sheep red blood cell rosettes" generated. The thymidine incorporation was diminished by the absence of monocytes or the presence of corticosteroids. The percent of giant rosettes generated was not influenced by either change. This finding suggested that considerable lymphocyte activation could still take place in the presence of corticosteroids. When subjects received 60 mg of prednisone, they developed lymphopenia 5 hr later. The circulating lymphocytes at that time responded less well to mitogen stimulation when measured by both thymidine incorporation and percent giant rosettes, suggesting a selective sequestration of mitogen-responsive lymphocytes outside the circulatory compartment.
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PMID:Effect of corticosteroids on lymphocyte activation. 32 36

In 89 cases of rheumatoid polyarthritis the number of B lymphocytes was shown by an immunofluorescence technique and the number T lymphocytes by a rosette test. 30 untreated polyarthritics were distinguished into two groups: in one there was no change in the number of T cellules; in the other there was a reduction in the number of T cells and lymphopenia. The same differences were found under corticotherapy (10 cases), antimalarial drugs (8 cases), penicillamine (21 cases), chrysotherapy (11 cases) and levamisole (9 cases). Levamisole only infrequently increases the number of T cellules (2/9). No relation with any developmental parameter was found in any group.
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PMID:[Cellular immunity in rheumatoid arthritis. Effect of therapy]. 32 99

Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activity of equine antirabbit antithymocyte serum (ATS) was studied. ATS lowered serum levels of complement, inhibited cell proliferation in the granulation test, and prolonged survival of allogeneic skin grafts. Its action was accompanied by lymphopenia. Repeated immunization enhanced the activity of ATS in the graft rejection test and the drop in serum complement, and at the same time attenuated the effect on the granulation process and lowered proteolytic activity.
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PMID:Studies on the activity of antithymocyte serum (ATS), particularly on the relation between its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. 32

Both T and non-T lymphocytes decreased immediately following radiotherapy in breast cancer patients. The relative depletion of non-T lymphocytes, however, was more marked than that of T cells. 3 years later the number and the proportion of non-T lymphocytes was higher than immediately after radiotherapy, while T lymphocytes were still depressed. The proportion of cells with membrane-associated Ig was higher in patients 3 years following radiotherapy than in non-treated patients and healthy controls. There was no difference in the proportion of T and non-T lymphocytes between patients with and without metastases, respectively.
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PMID:Blood lymphocyte subpopulations in breast cancer patients following radiotherapy. 33 65

An active subpopulation of T lymphocytes characterized by their ability to form early rosettes with sheep erythrocytes (active E-RBL) was studied in the blood of 50 patients with untreated systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and in 50 normal controls. The findings were related to the absolute number of circulating lymphocytes and total E-receptor-bearing lymphocytes (total E-RBL). Lupus patients with active disease had markedly decreased absolute lymphocyte counts, but the decrease of both the total and the active E-RBL surpassed what would be expected from the lymphopenia. Patients with inactive disease had moderately decreased absolute lymphocyte counts with a marked and disproportionate decrease in total E-RBL and a moderate decrease in active E-RBL, which seemed to reflect only the absolute lymphopenia. Patients with active disease had significantly lower active E-RBL than those with inactive disease. The changes of these and other lymphocyte subpopulations in relation to disease activity in SLE may reflect the influence of factors leading to T-cell depletion and immaturity. Circulating thymic products may be one of those factors.
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PMID:T-lymphocyte subpopulation in untreated SLE. Variations with disease activity. 33 83

Five two-year-old heifers were each inoculated intravenously with 0.02 mg M. bovis strain AN5. Clinical, haematological and microbiological observations were made during the course of the experiment and antibody levels were measured before and after infection by means of the indirect immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) and bentonite flocculation tests. All cattle developed M. bovis infection varying in severity from peracute tuberculous pneumonia resulting in death within 33 days to chronic progressive generalised tuberculosis. Only cattle developing peracute or acute forms of tuberculosis showed marked haematological changes characterised by leucopenia with lymphopenia. Bacteraemia was detected in the two cattle with peracute tuberculosis 22 days after infection. Anti-mycobacterial antibody was detected after infection in all cattle but fluctuated markedly during the course of the disease. Of a total of 61 serum samples examined from all cattle after inoculation with M. bovis, only 38 were positive to the IFA test and 30 to the bentonite flocculation test. Only 18 were positive to both tests at any one time. IgM was the predominant type of anti-mycobacterial antibody detected by the IFA test and this was found to cross-react with M. avium in almost every sample.
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PMID:Serological responses in experimental bovine tuberculosis. 33 17

Mice depleted of T lymphocytes by thymectomy, whole-body irradiation and bone-marrow reconstitution showed a marked increase in susceptibility to the development of lung colonies after i.v. injection of cells of an immunogenic fibrosarcoma. However, a similar increase was observed in unthymectomized, irradiated and reconstituted mice that had recovered their T-cell function, as evidenced by rejection of allogeneic skin grafts. In both thymectomized and unthymectomized mice subjected to whole-body irradiation, the lung-colony-forming efficiency was high 1 day after irradiation, declined to a minimum at 7 days, and thereafter increased again, unless the animals were held in a pathogen-free environment. Reconstitution of T-cell-depleted mice with thymocytes and/or a thymic lobe graft tended to increase further, rather than reduce, lung-colony-forming efficiency. Induction of profound lymphopenia, by irradiation of the whole body except the thorax, did not significantly increase lung colony yields. These studies show that the lung colony assay is not a reliable method of assessing T-cell function in irradiated mice.
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PMID:Pitfalls in the use of the lung colony assay to assess T-cell function in irradiated mice. 33 71

A test using whole blood for antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity has been assessed in kidney patients. The antibody-coated target system comprised lymphocytes isolated from a normal donor sensitised with rabbit anti-human lymphocyte serum. Comparison of results obtained with whole blood and isolated lymphocytes from the same patients shows that the whole blood test amplifies the differences between normal subjects, dialysis and transplant patients. It probably combines the effects of depressed lymphocyte function and lymphopenia and thus represent a more physiological in vitro correlate for in vivo immune function.
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PMID:Assessment of whole blood for antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in kidney patients. 34 Nov 33

This review of recent and new directions in clinical immunologic studies of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is restricted to the areas of lymphocyte surface markers, antigen binding lymphocytes, immune complexes, and lymphocyte hyporesponsiveness in lupus patients. First, it is not clear whether the T-lymphopenia observed in SLE is related to viral destruction of T cells, anti-lymphocyte antibodies, or tissue sequestration. Second, the increase in DNA-binding B lymphocytes observed in active lupus patients may be related to minor alterations in the balance of immunoregulatory T cells or to a bypass of DNA-specific helper T cells. Third, it is speculated that the removal of immune complexes which play a role in lupus glomerulitis by various extracorporeal immune absorbents may be important in the future therapy of SLE. Fourth, the mechanisms of T-lymphocyte hypofunction are unexplained. It is postulated from studies done in other diseases that this hypoactivity may be mediated by the secretion of prostaglandin or other humoral agents from one leukocyte subpopulation suppressing another potentially responsive lymphocyte subpopulation. Also an investigation into the lymphocyte subpopulation reactive with virus-infected fibroblasts may be useful in delineating immunoregulatory lymphocytes important in the pathogenesis of SLE.
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PMID:Clinical immunologic studies in systemic lupus erythematosus. 35 65


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