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Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Four children with lymphoproliferative malignant disease, two with acute lymphocytic leukemia in remission and two with Hodgkin's disease, were treated with a Thymic Hormone, THF, for disseminated varicella infecition. It is suggested that THF increased significantly the number of peripheral blood lymphocytes and T-rosette forming lymphocytes in 3 out of 4 children, who developed the varicella at the time of impaired cellular immunity. On the other hand, in the fourth child, with Hodgkin's disease, who had a normal number of T-rosettes, a decreased absolute number of lymphocytes as well as T-rosettes was observed over a course of 14 days THF treatment, although the percent of T-cells has not changed significantly. All of the four children recovered, including the child who was at high risk, with a marked lymphopenia, severe bilateral pneumonitis, hepatitis secondary infected skin lesions and psudomonas sepsis. It is indicated that THF therapy may restore the depressed cellular immunity in immunosuppressed children with malignant disease, and has its value as a supportive immunotherapy in life-threatening disseminated varicella infection.
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PMID:Thymic hormone (THF) therapy in immunosuppressed children with lymphoproliferative neoplasia and generalized varicella. 26 20

The degree of long term lymphopenia induced by cranial irradiation is shown to be dependent upon the number of fractions into which the standard cranial dose of 2400 rads is divided. The mean lymphocyte count of patients three months after receiving this dose in five fractions was 1.84 X 10(9)/1; in twelve fractions it was 1.12 X 10(9)/1 and in twenty fractions it was 0.64 X 10(9)/1. An explanation for this finding is offered which is based upon marked radiosensitivity of certain lymphocytes and the pattern of recirculation and redistribution of these cells.
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PMID:Analysis of treatment in childhood leukemia. IV. The critical association between dose fractionation and immunosuppression induced by cranial irradiation. 27 24

Percentage and absolute levels of circulating T lymphocytes were measured in 48 patients with bronchial carcinoma. These were compared with control values from nine healthy adults and 19 age-matched patients with benign disorders. A further 20 patients who had been given postoperative immunotherapy after complete resection of bronchial carcinoma were also studied. There was no significant difference in the mean percentage T cells between the groups. Lymphopenia, however, was a feature of the bronchial cancer patients with metastatic disease. This resulted in a significant diminution of absolute T cells in this group. There is no evidence, with the technique employed in this study, of a total T-cell deficiency in early bronchial carcinoma.
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PMID:Total T lymphocytes in primary bronchial carcinoma. 30 Jan 82

Cell-mediated immune responses were examined in 19 normal volunteers after intranasal administration of three strains of influenza A virus. Eight volunteers manifested respiratory tract illness along with fourfold rises of serum antibody and/or virus shedding. Samples of peripheral venous blood were obtained before and two days, five days, and four weeks after challenge. During acute illness, infected volunteers showed lymphopenia, which persisted for up to four weeks after challenge. The lymphopenia involved thymus-derived, bone marrow-derived, and null cells. Blastogenic responses of lymphocytes to stimulation with phytohemagglutinin, concanavalin A, and streptokinase-streptodornase were depressed during acute illness, and responses to phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A remained depressed at four weeks after infection. Thus, influenza infection in humans can result in prolonged depression of numbers and functions of circulating lymphocytes.
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PMID:Cell-mediated immune responses in humans after induced infection with influenza A virus. 30 Jul 61

Ten of 70 children (14%) with acute lymphoblastic leukemia developed severe interstitial pneumonitis within three weeks after induction of central nervous system prophylactic therapy. The clinical picture was characterized by fever, cough, progressive dyspnea, and hypoxemia with complete resolution in one to three weeks, except in one patient who died during the acute illness from respiratory failure. P. carinii organisms were found in the lung tissue of only one patient. The etiology of the pneumonitis in the other nine children was probably viral, acquired or activated during a period of lymphopenia and immunosuppression. The morbidity and potential mortality from the pneumonitis warrants early recognition by open lung biopsy and intensive supportive therapy.
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PMID:Acute respiratory illness in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. 30 Jul 96

In 56 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) T and B lymphocytes and immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, and IgA) were studied before, during, and after therapy. At the time of diagnosis T lymphocytes were normal, the number of B lymphocytes was increased, and immunoglobulins usually were normal. Only two of 30 children had abnormally low immunoglobulin levels. Under therapy a progressive lymphopenia was observed. B cells were depressed most extensively. IgG and IgA levels showed a nadir during early treatment, i.e. after remission induction for IgG and 4-8 months after diagnosis for IgA. IgM was markedly elevated after meningosis prophylaxis. After cessation of therapy lymphocytes increased with an intense rebound of B cells. The recovery was not fully completed after one year free of therapy.
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PMID:[T and B lymphocytes before, during, and after cytostatic therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in children (author's transl)]. 30 85

Experiments were done to see whether C3 or C3-split products are involved in lymphocyte recirculation, with particular reference to B lymphocytes which have C3b receptors. Rats were injected with cobra venom factor (CVF), and the output of subclasses of lymphocytes was measured in thoracic duct lymph in hourly collections during the subsequent 24 h. During the period of acute C3 activation which lasted for 2-8 h, the output of lymphocytes decreased by 47%, but returned to normal at later times, when C3 levels were reduced to less than 20% normal. There was no effect on the output of C3b receptor lymphocytes, and this receptor was not blocked probably because initial C3 levels in lymph were only 13% of blood levels, so that only small amounts of C3b were generated in lymph. When these lymphocytes were labelled and injected i.v. they migrated with the slow rate which is characteristic of normal B lymphocytes. The main effect of CVF was to reduce the output of T lymphocytes by 58% during the phase of acute C3 activation. When normal thoracic duct lymphocytes were labelled and injected, their rate of reappearance in thoracic duct lymph was only reduced during this phase. It was concluded that recirculation of lymphocytes is not C3 dependent, and that insufficient C3b is generated in lymphoid tissues to block C3b receptors on B lymphocytes during periods of rapid C3 activation. However the migratory rate of T lymphocytes through these tissues is reduced during this period, and it is suggested that this may be due to an effect of C3 split products on macrophages which lie along T-lymphocyte traffic routes.
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PMID:The effects of complement activation by cobra venom factor on the migration of T and B lymphocytes into rat thoracic duct lymph. 30 55

Eighty-one sera from 18 patients with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) and high titers of antibody to ribonucleoprotein (RNP) were investigated for the presence of lymphocytotoxic antibodies. These were found in 59% sera from 14 patients but in only one of 40 normal subjects. Although lymphocytotoxic activity tended to be higher when the disease was active or there was lymphopenia, the correlation was not statistically significant. The lymphocytotoxic antibodies were found to be cold-reactive, and located in the IgM and/or IgG-containing elution fractions from DEAE cellulose columns. IgM-containing fractions tended to be more cytotoxic. Lymphocytotoxic antibodies were partially absorbed out with cerebral cortex but not with ENA-coated sheep red blood cells. Although attention has been focused on the anti-RNP antibodies found in MCTD, other autoantibodies are also present in a high proportion of patients.
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PMID:Cold-reactive lymphocytotoxic antibodies in mixed connective tissue disease. 30 41

Blood lymphocytes from nineteen patients with Hodgkin's disease were tested in vitro before and after treatment. The patients were retested in complete and unmaintained remission at least 15 months after termination of radiotherapy. All patients except two had been treated with total nodal irradiation. The lymphocyte-DNA synthesis induced by concanavalin A (Con A) and PPD was poor and the spontaneous DNA synthesis was increased in untreated patients. Most patients had a T lymphocytopenia before treatment. After irradiation the total lymphocyte counts were reduced drastically. The number of T lymphocytes was particularly low, though the number of B lymphocytes decreased as well. However, the lymphocyte response to Con A and PPD remained low and unchanged. The results may suggest a persisting immunodeficiency in Hodgkin's disease as reflected by the lymphocyte response to Con A and PPD.
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PMID:Persisting lymphocyte deficiences during remission in Hodgkin's disease. 30 64

The majority of the guinea pig thymocytes have an intensive alkaline phosphatase (AP) activity, whereas less than one per cent of the peripheral lymphocytes are AP positive. The number of peripheral AP positive lymphocytes decreased after thymectomy and after antithymocyte serum treatment, and some of them formed. E-rosettes with rabbit red blood cells. The observations support the idea that some of these AP positive peripheral lymphocytes are T cells. It seems evident that the AP positive cortical (immature) thymocytes contain two separate cell lines; during the maturation one differentiates into AP negative and the other remains AP positive. This differentiation seems to occur within the thymus.
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PMID:Alkaline phosphate in the differentiation of guinea pig T lymphocytes. 30 34


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