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Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The historical and clinical features and the haematological and biochemical changes in 126 cats with hyperthyroidism are described; 125 of the cats were domestic short- or longhaired, and one was a chinchilla. There were 62 males and 64 females with a mean age of 13.0 years. The duration of signs ranged from two days to two years with a mean of 5.4 months. The historical and clinical features were weight loss, polyphagia, polyuria/polydipsia, tachycardia, hyperactivity, diarrhoea, respiratory abnormalities, other cardiac abnormalities, skin lesions, vomiting, moderately raised temperature, decreased activity, decreased appetite, congestive cardiac failure, haematuria and intermittently decreased appetite. Goitre was palpable in 123 cats. The serum total thyroxine concentrations of the cats were more than three standard deviations above the mean of the reference range. Serum total tri-iodothyronine concentrations ranged from 0.78 to 14.96 nmol/litre and were within the reference range in 11 of the cats. Mild hyperthyroidism was a much commoner cause of high normal or marginally above normal thyroid hormone concentrations than severe, concurrent, non-thyroidal illness. Other common biochemical changes were increased of serum alanine aminotransferase, urea, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase. There were minimal changes in the red cell parameters. Leucocyte changes showed two trends: a mature neutrophilia, either with or without an accompanying leucocytosis often in association with a lymphopenia, or an eosinophilia, either with or without a lymphocytosis.
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PMID:Historical, clinical and laboratory features of 126 hyperthyroid cats. 141 11

Ten healthy males (mean age 22.3 +/- 0.8 yr) pedaled with maximal effort for 30 s against a workload adjusted prior to the start of the test to 0.98 N.kg body mass-1. Blood samples were collected before, and 3 min and 1 h following exercise. Peak and average power mean values were 1020 +/- 51 and 738 +/- 34 W, respectively. Total leukocytes increased 40% in response to the exercise bout, but were 16% below pretest levels after 1 h of recovery (F = 123, P < 0.001). Neutrophils and lymphocytes represented approximately 60% and 30% of the leukocytosis, respectively. Lymphocytes increased 30% following exercise, but were 36% below pretest levels after 1 h recovery (F = 56.4, P < 0.001). The post-test lymphocytosis can be explained primarily from the 176% increase in natural killer cells (NK) and 28% increase in cytotoxic/suppressor T cells, while the 1-h recovery lymphopenia occurred because of a sharp decrease in total T cells and a moderate decrease in NK cells. No significant changes in lymphocyte proliferative response or serum immunoglobulin levels were found when appropriate adjustments for changes in plasma volume or lymphocyte subset changes were made. Plasma epinephrine increased 300% in response to the exercise bout, and best explains the measured changes in circulating levels of lymphocyte subsets. These results demonstrate that changes in circulating levels of leukocyte and lymphocyte subsets, especially NK cells, occur rapidly in response to 30 s of brief, heavy exertion.
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PMID:Effects of brief, heavy exertion on circulating lymphocyte subpopulations and proliferative response. 147 16

Leucopenia with neutropenia and a relative lymphocytosis are believed to be common findings in patients with typhoid fever. This paper reviews 191 adult patients with typhoid. The total and differential leucocyte counts done on admission were analysed. In this study leucopenia was found in only 24.6% of patients. Whilst complications occurred at any white cell count, the prevalence of complications increased significantly to 70% in patients with a white cell count above 8 x 10(9)/l. Neutropenia was found in 25% of patients, and none of the patients had an absolute lymphocytosis, whereas 75.8% of patients had true lymphopenia.
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PMID:The white cell count in typhoid fever. 149 17

The effect of vitamin A deficiency in the presence or absence of Newcastle disease virus infection (NDV, La Sota strain) on weight of lymphoid organs and on the number and type of circulating white blood cells (WBC) was investigated in chickens. Day-old chickens with limited vitamin A reserves were fed purified diets containing either marginal (ad libitum) or adequate (pair-fed) levels of vitamin A and at 21-28 days of age; half the chickens in each group were infected with NDV. Vitamin A deficiency resulted only in significantly lower absolute and relative weights of bursa of Fabricius and after infection both weights of bursa and thymus were significantly lower. Relative weight of spleen was significantly higher after infection irrespective of vitamin A status. Liver weights were not affected by vitamin A status and/or NDV infection. Both vitamin A deficiency and NDV infection resulted in lymphopenia, while the lowest number of WBC were observed in vitamin A-deficient chickens during the acute phase of NDV (5 days after infection). Subsequent to lymphopenia due to NDV infection, a marked lymphocytosis was observed in controls and to a lesser extent in vitamin A-deficient birds. These results indicate that vitamin A deficiency, which is aggravated by concomitant NDV infection, affects lymphoid cell systems.
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PMID:Changes in lymphoid organs and blood lymphocytes induced by vitamin A deficiency and Newcastle disease virus infection in chickens. 177 59

Alveolar lymphocytosis, in the face of blood lymphopenia, is a common finding among patients with AIDS. We studied by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), the alveolar cell profile of 43 human immuno deficiency virus (HIV) seropositive patients divided into three groups involving the advanced stages of the disease: group A (n = 9; CDC III), ambulatory individuals without systemic or respiratory symptoms; group B (n = 15; CDC IV) patients admitted for evaluation of fever of unknown origin (FUO) without pulmonary involvement; group C (n = 19; CDC IV), patients admitted for evaluation of an acute pulmonary condition. Sex, age and risk factor were comparable among the groups. Alveolar lymphocytosis was found in no group A patients, in 2 out of 15 group B patients (both with P. carinii lung infection) and in all group C patients, where pulmonary involvement was due to opportunistic infection or to nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis. Our findings suggest that in patients with advanced HIV infection alveolar lymphocytosis may be an expression of a concomitant process within the lungs either clinically manifest or inapparent, or possibly related to HIV primary lung involvement.
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PMID:Alveolar cell population in HIV infected patients. 188 89

A 17-year-old, previously healthy woman developed an acute "mononucleosis-like" illness with an associated "atypical" pneumonitis, followed by years of debilitating chronic fatigue, fevers, a 10-kg weight loss, night sweats, and neurocognitive symptoms. Thereafter, her sister developed a similar but less severe illness. The patient developed marked, chronic lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly, with associated persistent relative lymphocytosis and atypical lymphocytosis and with thrombocytopenia. After 3 years of illness, a splenectomy was performed, which resulted in some symptomatic improvement, prompt weight gain, and resolution of all hematologic abnormalities. Serial immunologic studies revealed a strikingly elevated number of activated B lymphocytes and a T lymphopenia, which improved but did not return to normal postsplenectomy. No causal association was found with any of several infectious agents that could produce such a lymphoproliferative illness. However, both the patient and her sister had evidence of active infection with the recently discovered human herpesvirus-6. Seven years after the onset of the illness, the patient and her sister remain chronically ill.
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PMID:A chronic "postinfectious" fatigue syndrome associated with benign lymphoproliferation, B-cell proliferation, and active replication of human herpesvirus-6. 196 94

Seven consecutive patients who presented with a severe acute mononucleosis-like illness associated with HIV seroconversion were evaluated by T-cell subset enumerations and measurements of lymphocyte transformation responses to mitogens and antigen during both their primary illness and a 1-year follow-up period. We observed a characteristic pattern of response to primary HIV infection; initial lymphopenia was followed by CD8 lymphocytosis and inversion of the CD4:CD8 ratio. During follow-up, the CD8 count gradually returned to normal, whereas the CD4:CD8 ratio remained inverted because of a relatively low number of CD4 lymphocytes. Primary infection was followed by prolonged and severe cellular hyporesponsiveness to both mitogens and antigen. At the last follow-up, responses to pokeweed mitogen were still severely impaired, with a median 19% (range 7-50%) of that observed in healthy controls. We conclude that severe primary HIV infection may be followed by sustained lymphocyte hyporesponsiveness, a sustained low percentage of CD4 lymphocytes and sustained inversion of the CD4:CD8 ratio.
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PMID:T-cell subset alterations and lymphocyte responsiveness to mitogens and antigen during severe primary infection with HIV: a case series of seven consecutive HIV seroconverters. 197 65

Study of 220 haematological profiles in women, men and children was realized in National Laboratory of Public Health and in Central Army Hospital in Brazzaville. The red cells count the haemoglobin level, the leucocytes and eosinophilia leukocyte counts in each sub-group of HIV+ and HIV- patients were compared. The anemia is important in HIV+ patients (Center for Diseases Control IV). The hyperleukocytosis and lymphocytosis of child and lymphopenia of adult are confirmed. The interest of surveillance of haematological parameters is as important for HIV+ asymptomatic individuals (Center for Diseases Control II) as for those of Center for Diseases Control IV group. The study of haematological profile is the interesting factor of diagnostic and prognosis.
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PMID:[Hematologic parameters during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in various Congolese subpopulations]. 207 26

Immunotherapy with recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) and lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells has been applied to patients with metastatic cancers for its antitumour activity. In the present study we investigated the effects of in vivo administration of IL-2 (3 x 10(6) U/m2/d, continuously i.v.) on haematopoiesis. Six patients with disseminated renal cell carcinoma, treated with IL-2 and LAK cells, were monitored for the numbers of white blood cells and circulating haematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC). During IL-2 treatment lymphopenia developed, followed by lymphocytosis after discontinuation of IL-2 infusions. IL-2 administration also resulted in neutrophilia and eosinophilia. Absolute numbers of circulating HPC declined markedly during IL-2 treatment. However, after completing IL-2 infusions, the numbers of circulating erythroid (BFU-E), myeloid (CFU-GM) and multipotential progenitor cells (CFU-GEMM) strongly increased, reaching a maximum after 5 d (day 10 from the start of IL-2 treatment). This increase did not result from repeated leucaphereses, since patients treated with IL-2 alone showed a similar response. In comparison with pretreatment levels the pool of circulating HPC expanded about 20-fold. This study illustrates that IL-2 treatment has a biphasic effect on the frequency of circulating BFU-E, CFU-GM and CFU-GEMM, causing a decrease during IL-2 infusion, followed by an increase after IL-2 administration. The total number of progenitor cells harvested by four consecutive leucaphereses is in the range that is commonly used for peripheral blood stem cell autografting.
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PMID:Increased numbers of circulating haematopoietic progenitor cells after treatment with high-dose interleukin-2 in cancer patients. 209 21

Interleukin-2 (recombinant methionyl human interleukin-2 alanine 125; IL-2) was administered intralymphatically to 12 patients with advanced cancer in a phase I trial. Doses were administered once a week for 6 weeks in a dosage escalation schedule; patients were entered in four groups at successively higher starting dosages. Toxicity occurred in a profile similar to that seen with intravenous IL-2. The maximum tolerated dose with this route/schedule was 275,000 units/kg, a figure not higher than expected with intravenous administration. T1/2 alpha was prolonged to 54 min from the 13 min figure we obtained with IL-2 given intravenously. Granulocytosis and eosinophilia were seen, along with lymphocytosis following initial lymphopenia. Anti-IL-2 antibodies were seen in 42% of patients (compared to 16% with this agent given intravenously), suggesting increased immunogenicity of this route/schedule. No clinical response was achieved. Immunologic effects will be reported separately but are summarized.
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PMID:A pilot study of intralymphatic interleukin-2. II. Clinical and biological effects. 231 62


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