Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In studies of the mouse thymus, lymphocyte mitoses are seen to be most frequent in the thymus cortex. There is evidence from thymic grafts that a hypothetical factor, thymopoietin, may stimulate mitosis of thymic lymphocytes. It is a factor which is postulated to act in conjunction with the PAS-positive mesenchymal reticular cells and epithelial reticular cells of the cortex. The thymus medulla is necessary for the integrity of thymic grafts, and may also elaborate a secretion for maintaining the cellular functions of the gland. Thymectomy has been used as a gauge for judging normal thymic function and results, in the mouse, in lymphopenia, degeneration of spleen and lymph nodes, delayed rejection of skin allografts, reduced ability of spleen cells to mount the graft versus host reaction, and reduced primary immune response to certain antigens. Correction of these deficiencies offers a means of evaluating various thymic extracts and grafts. Lymphocytosis-stimulating hormone (LSH) is known to maintain the peripheral lymphoid organs and cause lymphocytosis in the thymectomized animal. Diffusion chamber studies of thymic grafts also show restored lymphoid tissue by a cell-free factor (CIF). These two factors may be the same and probably represent the basis of the highly purified lymphocyte-stimulating proteins, LSHr and LSHh, which restore the L/P ratio in thymectomized animals and may stimulate lymphopoiesis in spleen and lymph nodes. LSHr, unlike LSHh, increases the total lymphocyte count. LSHr has been found to increase the humoral antibody response in neonatal mice both by the PFC technique and by direct hemolysis of sheep erythrocytes. Homeostatic thymic hormone (HTH) is a thymic extract of small molecular weight and contains nucleic acid. In the thymectomized guinea pig it has been found to maintain normal levels of lymphocytes in the blood, spleen and lymph nodes, to restore antibody titers to typhoid H antigen and to restore the toxic allergic reaction. Thymic humoral factor (THF) is of smaller molecular weight (less than 1,000) and probably is not a protein. It also enhances lymphoid proliferation in neonatally thymectomized mice. There is evidence that THF participates in humoral antibody formation because it stimulates PFC formation from neonatally thymectomized mice after inoculation with sheep erythrocytes. Its effects on cell-mediated immunity are seen from findings that injection of THF restores the ability of thymectomized mice to reject skin allografts. THF enables spleen cells from thymectomized or neonatal animals to mount the graft versus host reaction, and causes maturation of bone marrow cells and spleen or lymph node cells so that they can participate in the graft versus host reaction. It has been reported to stimulate lymphocytes to kill isogeneic tumor cells in vitro. Thymosin is protein extracted from the thymus. It has been found to alleviate leukopenia slightly and provide some improvement in lymphoid histology in thymectomized mice...
 ...
PMID:Some endocrine aspects of the thymus gland. 6 31

We have demonstrated the log normality of the distribution of sheep rosette-forming cells and mouse rosette-forming cells' values obtained with lymphocytes isolated from the peripheral blood of 135 healthy human beings and 57 patients suffering from chronic lymphocytic leukemia and well differentiated lymphocytic lymphosarcoma with bone marrow infiltration either in evolution or in remission. In evolutive cases, the absolute numbers of mouse rosette-forming cells rose as well as the lymphocytosis, whereas the absolute numbers of sheep rosette-forming cells were normal or even increased in spite of an impressive drop of their percentage. In nonevolutive cases, the absolute numbers of sheep rosette-forming cells and mouse rosette-forming cells were lowered to half of the normal values as a consequence of the lymphopenia induced by chemotherapeutic agents.
 ...
PMID:Double test of spontaneous rosettes with sheep and mouse erythrocytes. Statistical studies and usefulness in malignant evolutive and nonevolutive lymphoproliferative diseases. 9 90

The rosette-forming capacity of bovine peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) was determined with dextran and 2-aminoethylisothiouronium bromide (AET)-treated sheep erythrocytes (SRBC). Both dextran and AET-enhanced rosette formation; however, AET-treated SRBC detected a larger percentage of rosette-forming cells and thus was used in this study. The specificity of rosette formation by bovine thymus-derived (T) lymphocytes was shown by (1) demonstration of rosettes and surface-membrane immunoglobulins sIg) on different cells in PBL and nylon-wool fractionated lymphocyte populations and (2) rosette formation by a large percentage (83--90%) of thymocytes from three bovine foetuses and two 14-month-old heifers. A procedure was also developed to identify bovine monocytes by latex phagocytosis and 10--30% latex-ingesting cells were detected in PBL preparations isolated by Ficoll-Hypaque flotation. The frequency of sIg-bearing latex-ingesting, and sIg-bearing latex non-ingesting cells in bovine peripheral blood was also determined. These procedures were utilized to determine the distribution of T and bone-marrow derived (B) lymphocytes in peripheral blood of normal and lymphocytotic cattle. PBL from twenty normal cattle contained approximately 63% T and 11% B (sIg+ latex non-ingesting) lymphocytes. In peripheral blood of three cattle with persistent lymphocytosis, a prodromal stage of bovine leukaemia, the percentage of B cells was elevated approximately to 59% whereas T lymphocytes decreased to 35%, thus providing additional evidence that persistent lymphocytosis is a B-cell disease.
 ...
PMID:Enumeration of T cells, B cells and monocytes in the peripheral blood of normal and lymphocytotic cattle. 31 76

In the peripheral blood of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) the numerical distribution of the three major B lymphocyte subsets was determined by the identification of surface immunoglobulins using F(ab)(2)-antibody fragments. T cell counts were also obtained and the number of null cells was calculated. Twenty-eight patients with Crohn's disease including 14 patients with previously untreated and very short-standing disease (group CD 1) and 14 patients with long-standing and/or previous drug treated disease (group CD 2) were compared with 28 sex and age-matched normals as well as with 13 patients with acute inflammatory bowel disease (group D). Patients in group D and inactive patients of group CD 1 showed a significant absolute lymphocytosis due to an increase in both the three B cell subsets and the T cells, without changes in the null cells. While the proportion of T cells was normal, there was a significant relative B lymphocytosis and a relative null cytopenia in these patients. Active CD 1 patients, however, showed significantly lower absolute lymphocyte and T cell numbers. In group CD 2, there was a significant absolute lymphopenia caused by an equal decrease in B and T cells. Highly active CD 2 patients showed higher absolute null cell counts than inactive patients. With increasing disease duration there was a significant decrease of the relative and absolute B cell concentrations. The data obtained suggest that T and B cell populations in the peripheral blood are reduced in certain patients with Crohn's disease and that this occurs secondarily to activity of disease, chronicity of disease, and the effects of therapy.
 ...
PMID:Immune status in Crohn's disease. 3. Peripheral blood B lymphocytes, enumerated by means of F(ab)2-antibody fragments, Null and T lymphocytes. 31 53

The effect of heparin and prednisolone succinate on the peripheral white blood cell count of mice has been studied 3 hours after injecting the drugs. Heparin in low doses did not influence the cell count but in higher doses (20 to 400 U) elicited marked lymphocytosis. When prednisolone and heparin were administered together, heparin (5 to 10 U) markedly inhibited the prednisolone-induced lymphopenia. The effect on the lymphocyte count of prednisolone combined with a large dose of heparin depends on the doses of the drugs. The antagonism seems to be non-competitive in nature. The PMN count shows only minor changes and the reaction of eosinophils to heparin is less pronounced. The antagonistic effect was manifest on the spleen weight.
 ...
PMID:Antagonistic effect of heparin and a water-soluble glucocorticoid on the peripheral lymphocyte count in mice. 61 83

The effect of exogenous sex hormones on the cell mediated response in male and female mice has been studied by measuring the subcutaneous growth of HeLa tumour nodules and the variation in the total lymphocyte count. It was found that oestrogen treated male and female mice experienced a profound lymphopenia which was vary rapid in onset. Concurrent with the lymphopenia there was prolongation of HeLa tumour nodule growth in female mice, but not in males. A lymphopenia occurred in androgen treated male mice with subsequent prolongation of HeLa tumour nodule growth, and a lymphocytosis in female mice, with reduction of HeLa tumour nodule growth.
 ...
PMID:The effect of sex hormones on the growth of HeLa tumour nodules in male and female mice. 108 Apr 23

Based on observations of 317 patients with obliterating endarteritis, the most persistant effect following the complex therapy was noted in patients showing lymphocytosis after the treatment. The overwhelming majority of patients with unfavourable issues of the therapy showed lymphopenia. So, of 67 patients showing lymphocytosis after 2--3 courses of the therapy 48 patients proved to be practically recovered. But there was no recovery among 30 lymphopenic patients, and in 13 cases the extremity had to be amputated. Among 220 patients showing the normal amount of lymphocytes the repeat course of the therapy resulted in a complete recovery in 19, in 2 cases the extremity was amputated.
 ...
PMID:[Prognostic importance of lymphocytosis in obliterating endarteritis]. 122 41

During repetitive extracorporeal irradiation, heparin treatment is responsible for a very high lymphocytic peak which does not last more than two days. This peak is not observed after using acenocoumarol as anticoagulant. That is why the degree of lymphocyte depletion after RECIB is to be interpreted in function of the anticoagulant used. This peak is temporary. No matter the anticoagulant used, lymphopenia is obtained after 15 days. The level of lymphocytic depletion is independent of the initial lymphocytosis.
 ...
PMID:[Change in rabbit blood lymphocyte count after repeated extracorporeal irradiation with cesium 137. Comparison of heparin and acenocoumarol effects]. 123 37

The clinical course of cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia in seven consecutive bone marrow transplant (BMT) recipients during a 24-month period was studied. Retrospective analysis of clinical data on the recipients with CMV pneumonia during the illness and prospective follow-up of those who recovered from the pneumonia was performed. Those who had CMV as the sole pathogen and with lymphocytosis in the BAL or the peripheral blood during the illness recovered from the pneumonia. On the contrary, those who had mixed bacterial or fungal infection with peripheral lymphopenia died. Persistent lymphocytosis in the BAL and the peripheral blood, in the absence of CMV infection, was observed in the survivors. Two subsequently developed restrictive lung disease and two had relapse of their primary malignancy. These data suggest that CMV pneumonia in BMT patients is associated with significant long-term sequelae. The phenomenon of persistent lymphocytosis in the BAL and the peripheral blood, in the absence of CMV infection, supports Grundy's hypothesis that CMV pneumonia in BMT recipients is an immunopathologic condition.
 ...
PMID:Long-term sequelae after recovery from cytomegalovirus pneumonia in allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipients. 131 48

Major surgery impairs the cellular immune response. We have therefore studied the immunological effects of low-dose recombinant interleukin 2 given to patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer to determine whether this agent has potential in perioperative adjuvant immunotherapy. Patients were randomly allocated to control (n = 13) or treatment groups (n = 12). Immunological studies of both lymphocyte function and subset number were performed preoperatively and on Days 1, 4, 7, and 10. Treatment with recombinant interleukin 2 prevented the postoperative fall in both natural killer and lymphokine-activated killer cell cytotoxicity, clearly demonstrated in the control group. The treatment group also showed in vivo T-cell activation with an initial lymphopenia followed by a rebound lymphocytosis and upregulation of the subset markers CD25 (interleukin 2 receptor) and CD45RO (T-memory cells). These combined effects may have important consequences in controlling metastatic dissemination of tumor during the vulnerable perioperative period.
 ...
PMID:Perioperative immunotherapy with recombinant interleukin 2 in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer. 139


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>